State v. Green

470 So. 2d 434
Louisiana Court of Appeal·Decided May 15, 1985·No. CR84-1124·Published·Cited by 5 cases

Opinion

470 So.2d 434 (1985)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Wilbert GREEN.

No. CR84-1124.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

May 15, 1985.

*435 Wilbert Green, pro se.

Elaine Deloach, Alexandria, for defendant-appellant.

G. Earl Humphries, III, Asst. Dist. Atty., Alexandria, for plaintiff-appellee.

Before GUIDRY, FORET and KNOLL, JJ.

GUIDRY, Judge.

Defendant, Wilbert Green, was charged by grand jury indictment with the crime of manslaughter, in violation of La.R.S. 14:31. Defendant was tried before a twelve person jury and was found guilty as charged by a vote of 11 to 1. The trial judge sentenced defendant to a term of fifteen years at hard labor. Defendant appeals.

FACTS

On July 1, 1982, at approximately 9:30 p.m., Wilbert Green killed Samuel Kemper by stabbing him with a knife. Although the circumstances surrounding the incident are somewhat in dispute, they can be summarized as follows:

The stabbing occurred at Cheaton Park in Alexandria, Louisiana. Samuel Kemper and Wilbert Green were both observing a softball game taking place at the park. At some point during the game, Kemper became embroiled in an argument with his paramour, Eva Huel. Kemper, who had been drinking heavily, entered his vehicle and proceeded to drive off. As Kemper drove off, his vehicle struck Green's car. Green was seated on the hood of his vehicle observing the game at this time. Kemper attempted to leave the scene after striking Green's car. Green either fell off or jumped off his vehicle as it was struck by *436 Kemper. In any event, Green entered the passenger compartment of his vehicle in order to retrieve a knife and proceeded to chase Kemper.

Kemper could not control his vehicle as he attempted to leave the park. A number of individuals seated on their vehicles behind the right field fence noticed that Kemper was proceeding in their direction. Fearing that Kemper's vehicle would strike them, Joseph Raines, armed with a pistol, fired two shots in the air in an effort to avert Kemper. Raines' efforts were successful as Kemper's vehicle changed directions. However, soon after, Kemper's vehicle struck a fence and came to a halt.

All this occurred in a short span of time with Green, armed with a knife, continuing in pursuit of Kemper. After Kemper's car crashed into the fence, Kemper alighted from his vehicle and ran into some bushes. Green either followed or was already in the bushes. Shortly thereafter, Green came out of the bushes. Green had stabbed Kemper twice. The fatal wound was to the heart. Kemper was unarmed.

Defendant appeals his conviction on the basis of the following assignments of error:

1. The State did not present sufficient evidence to rebut defendant's claim of self-defense.
2. Defendant was provided ineffective counsel in contravention of the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution.

Other assignments of error were perfected in the trial court, however, they were not briefed on appeal and are therefore considered abandoned. State v. Freeman, 447 So.2d 1145 (La.App. 3rd Cir. 1984), writ denied, 449 So.2d 1356 (La.1984).

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 1

Defendant asserts that the State failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the homicide of Samuel Kemper was not perpetrated in self-defense. Defendant freely admitted killing the victim by stabbing him but contended that it was done in self-defense.

The defendant in a homicide prosecution who asserts that he acted in self-defense does not have the burden of proof on that issue. The State has the entire and affirmative burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt that the homicide was not perpetrated in self-defense. State v. Savoy, 418 So.2d 547 (La.1982).

In State v. Sylvester, 438 So.2d 1277 (La.App. 3rd Cir. 1983), writ denied, 444 So.2d 606 (La.1984), this court observed that:

"In order to afford a criminal defendant due process, the relevant inquiry on appeal is whether, after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact would have found beyond a reasonable doubt that the homicide was not committed in self-defense ..." (citations omitted).

Under La.R.S. 14:20 a homicide is justifiable:

"(1) When committed in self-defense by one who reasonably believes that he is in imminent danger of losing his life or receiving great bodily harm and that the killing is necessary to save himself from that danger; ..."

As aforestated, Green pursued Kemper with a knife after Kemper struck his car. Kemper, who was extremely intoxicated at that time, .31% blood-alcohol level, attempted to drive his vehicle out of the ballpark but was unsuccessful. Defendant continued to pursue Kemper as Kemper drove around the park. According to the State's witnesses, Kemper attempted to flee on foot after his vehicle crashed into a fence. Kemper ran into some bushes located approximately 150 feet from where his vehicle came to rest; Green followed. Shortly thereafter, Green reappeared from the bushes. As one witness put it, Green stated to the crowd: "Ya'll can go get the son of a bitch, he (sic) dead." Green allegedly made this statement while wiping the blood off of his knife.

*437 Green denied making any such statement. Moreover, Green testified that he armed himself with a knife simply to stop Kemper from harming him. Green added that as he chased Kemper he heard gunshots. He believed that these shots were fired at him by Kemper. Since he knew Kemper to be a violent man, which was corroborated by other witnesses, Green testified that he feared for his safety and thus ran into the bushes to hide from Kemper. Green alleges that he heard some rustling in the bushes so he began to move away but, within a matter of seconds, he bumped into Kemper. Green testified that he feared for his life so he closed his eyes and began swinging his knife.

Clearly, the jury's determination as to defendant's claim of self-defense depended, at least in part, on its assessment of the credibility of the witnesses. The testimony of the witnesses presented by the State established that defendant chased an unarmed, extremely intoxicated individual into some bushes and moments later returned and nonchalantly told the crowd that Kemper was dead, while cleaning the blood off of his weapon. Defendant's account of what took place differed. Although Green admitted pursuing Kemper with a knife, he stated that it was only to prevent Kemper from harming him. According to defendant, his chase of Kemper halted when he heard the gunshots. Defendant testified that he believed that the shots were being fired at him by Kemper so he hid in the bushes.

Admittedly, shots were fired while defendant was pursuing Kemper. They were fired by Joseph Raines into the air to scare off Kemper. Kemper was in his vehicle at this time. Even if we accept defendant's testimony that he feared Kemper was shooting at him, we are not satisfied that defendant could claim self-defense. See La.R.S. 14:21. Be that as it may, the witnesses presented by the State established that defendant chased Kemper into the bushes as Kemper attempted to run away. The actions of defendant do not appear to be that of a man who reasonably believes that he is in imminent danger of losing his life or receiving great bodily harm.

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State v. Green, 470 So. 2d 434 (La. Ct. App. 1985).

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