State v. Doucoure

2025 Ohio 4770
CourtOhio Court of Appeals
DecidedOctober 6, 2025
Docket24CA33
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 2025 Ohio 4770 (State v. Doucoure) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Ohio Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Doucoure, 2025 Ohio 4770 (Ohio Ct. App. 2025).

Opinion

[Cite as State v. Doucoure, 2025-Ohio-4770.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT ATHENS COUNTY

STATE OF OHIO, : : Case No. 24CA33 Plaintiff-Appellee, : : v. : : DOGA JUNIOR DOUCOURE, : DECISION AND JUDGMENT : ENTRY Defendant-Appellant. : : RELEASED: 10/06/2025 ________________________________________________________________ APPEARANCES:

Angela Miller, Jupiter, Florida, for appellant.

Keller Blackburn, Athens County Prosecutor, and Andrew T. Sanderson, Assistant Athens County Prosecutor, Athens, Ohio, for appellee. ________________________________________________________________

Wilkin, J.

{¶1} This is an appeal of an Athens County Court of Common Pleas

judgment entry in which Doga Doucoure (“Doucoure”) was convicted of fifth-

degree felony obstructing official business. On appeal Smith asserts his guilty

plea was not voluntary, knowing, and intelligent and therefore violated the Fifth

and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, Article I, Section

10 of the Ohio Constitution and Crim.R. 11(C). After reviewing the parties’

arguments, the record, and the applicable law, we find the trial court did not

properly inform Doucoure of his constitutional right to confront his accusers. For

that reason, we sustain the sole assignment of error and reverse the trial court’s

judgment. Athens App. No. 24CA33 2

BACKGROUND

{¶2} On January 23, 2023, an Athens County Grand Jury indicted

Doucoure with a single count of obstructing official business, a fifth-degree

felony, in violation of R.C. 2921.31(A). From the record, it can be garnered that

on July 31, 2022 on Court Street in Athens County, Doucoure was involved in an

altercation. When police responded Doucoure resisted and fled, resulting in a

pursuit that caused the officer to injure his knee. At his arraignment on February

15, 2023, Doucoure entered a not guilty plea, with the assistance of counsel, and

the trial court released him on his own recognizance.

{¶3} On July 17, 2023, Doucoure appeared for a change of plea hearing.

At that time, with the assistance of counsel, he pled guilty to the sole count in the

indictment, and the parties jointly recommended pretrial diversion (the Athens

County Empowerment Program). Doucoure had been screened and found not to

have a prior history. The matter was therefore held in abeyance pending the

outcome of diversion.

{¶4} On August 13, 2024, the State filed a notice to alert the trial court that

Doucoure had been terminated from the diversion program for noncompliance.

The trial court then scheduled a hearing for October 24, 2024. At that hearing,

the trial court found Doucoure had been unable to complete diversion, entered

Doucoure’s previous guilty plea, and accepted the parties’ joint recommendation

for three years of community control.

{¶5} The trial court sentenced Doucoure to three years of community

control with conditions, with an order to pay court costs associated with the Athens App. No. 24CA33 3

diversion program. Doucoure then submitted a timely notice of appeal of the

judgment entry of October 25, 2024.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR

I. APPELLANT DOUCOURE’S GUILTY PLEA WAS OBTAINED IN VIOLATION OF THE FIFTH AND FOURTEENTH AMENDMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION AND ARTICLE I, SECTION 10 OF THE OHIO CONSTITUTION AND CRIM.R. 11(C).

{¶6} In his sole assignment of error, Doucoure contends the trial court

erred when it accepted his guilty plea because it did not strictly comply with

Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(c). Specifically, Doucoure claims that the trial court did not

address Doucoure’s right to confront his accusers and obtain an explicit waiver of

the right from him.

{¶7} The State points out that Doucoure did not raise this issue in the trial

court, nor raise the issue of an infirm guilty plea until he failed to meet the

obligations of the negotiated outcome, and a warrant for his arrest was in effect

to revoke his community control. Thus, the State asserts that Doucoure waived

his right to argue for his conviction to be vacated because he did not address it at

the time of sentencing, and he has not demonstrated plain error. In the

alternative, the State argues that, even if Doucoure did not waive his right to

appeal his conviction, the error is harmless because he has not shown prejudice.

The State also posits Doucoure should have raised on appeal an ineffective

assistance of counsel claim because Doucoure had been represented by counsel

at the time of the plea. Additionally, the State asserts that the fact a motion to

withdraw plea had never been filed should be germane to our decision. Athens App. No. 24CA33 4

{¶8} Doucoure in turn responds that the judgment entry of conviction was

not entered until October 25, 2024 because his guilty plea was “held in

abeyance” by entry of July 17, 2023. Thus, the final appealable order setting out

the conviction was on October 25, 2024. He also argues the other arguments of

the State are without merit.

A. Law.

1. Standard of Review

{¶9} “ ‘ “When a defendant enters a plea in a criminal case, the plea must

be made knowingly, intelligently, and voluntarily. Failure on any of those points

renders enforcement of the plea unconstitutional under both the United States

Constitution and the Ohio Constitution.” ’ ” State v. Betts, 2017-Ohio-8595, ¶ 16

(4th Dist.), quoting State v. Veney, 2008-Ohio-5200, ¶ 7, quoting State v. Engle,

74 Ohio St.3d 525, 527 (1996). We determine whether a guilty plea is knowing,

intelligent, and voluntary by applying “ ‘ “a de novo standard of review of the

record to ensure that the trial court complied with the constitutional and

procedural safeguards.” ’ ” Id., quoting State v. Leonhart, 2014-Ohio-5601, ¶ 36

(4th Dist.), quoting State v. Moore, 2014-Ohio-3024, ¶ 13 (4th Dist.). “[A]n

appellate court conducts a de novo review, without deference to the trial court's

determination.” State v. Blanton, 2018-Ohio-1278, ¶ 50 (4th Dist.).

2. Crim.R. 11

{¶10} “Crim.R. 11(C)(2) governs the acceptance of guilty pleas by the trial

court in felony cases and provides that a trial court should not accept a guilty

plea without first addressing the defendant personally[.]” State v. Tolle, 2022- Athens App. No. 24CA33 5

Ohio-2839, ¶ 8 (4th Dist.), citing State v. Moore, 2006-Ohio-114, ¶ 22 (4th Dist.),

citing McCarthy v. United States, 394 U.S. 459, 466 (1969). The underlying

purpose of Crim.R. 11 is to convey certain information to a defendant so that they

can make a voluntary and intelligent decision regarding whether to plead guilty.

State v. Ballard, 66 Ohio St.2d 473, 479-480 (1981).

a. Non-Constitutional Rights

{¶11} For purposes of a plea bargain, Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(a) and 11(C)(2)(b)

require a court to inform a defendant of their non-constitutional rights and ensure

they are understood. State v. Jordan, 2015-Ohio-4354, ¶ 5. Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(a)

requires a trial court to ensure a defendant is “understanding of the nature of the

charges and of the maximum penalty involved, and, if applicable, that the

defendant is not eligible for probation or for the imposition of community control

sanctions at the sentencing hearing.” Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(b) requires a trial court to

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2025 Ohio 4770, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-doucoure-ohioctapp-2025.