State v. Campos

998 P.2d 893, 100 Wash. App. 218
CourtCourt of Appeals of Washington
DecidedApril 6, 2000
DocketNo. 17968-1-III
StatusPublished
Cited by30 cases

This text of 998 P.2d 893 (State v. Campos) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Washington primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Campos, 998 P.2d 893, 100 Wash. App. 218 (Wash. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinions

Bkown, J.

— Gabriel Campos, found guilty of possessing cocaine with intent to deliver, appeals the sufficiency of evidence for intent. We affirm.

FACTS

In April 1998, at approximately midnight, Officer Kelly Hook of the Brewster Police Department stopped a pickup truck driven by Mr. Campos for speeding. Francisco Maciel was a passenger in the truck. Eventually, Officer Hook arrested Mr. Campos for suspicion of driving under the influence.

During a search incident to arrest, Officer Hook found a baggie containing white powder in Mr. Campos’s front pocket. Lab analysis later identified the substance as 2.5 grams of cocaine. The officer also found $1,750 in small denominations in one of Mr. Campos’s pockets. He had an additional $162 in his wallet.

[220]*220The officer searched the truck and found a baggie under the front passenger seat. The police later determined that the baggie contained 25 grams of cocaine in rock form. Officer Hook also found a pager, a cell phone, a charger for the phone and a new CD player with about 20 CDs. No scales, other bags, bindles or other drug paraphernalia were found in the truck. The CD player belonged to the passenger, Mr. Maciel; the State offered no evidence establishing who owned the other items. Officer Hook also found a purchase agreement for the truck dated March 20, 1998, and a bill of sale in the amount of $300 for a 1984 car.

Officer Hook advised Mr. Campos through an interpreter of his constitutional rights. Mr. Campos waived them. Mr. Campos admitted possessing all of the cocaine that was found. Mr. Campos said he paid $600 for the cocaine and it was for personal use. He explained he often kept cocaine in his truck and had it “because I can have it when I need it, and I don’t know anyone here.”

Mr. Campos was charged with possessing cocaine with intent to deliver under RCW 69.50.401(a)(l)(i). At trial, Arnold Melnikoff, a forensic scientist with the state crime lab, testified the cocaine that the police recover usually has some kind of dilutant or cutting agent added to it because dealers dilute it to make a greater profit. The cocaine seized from Mr. Campos contained no such dilutants.

Detective Kevin Newport of the North Central Washington Narcotics Task Force testified the typical amount for persons buying for personal use is 3.5 grams, an “8-ball,” or less. He testified that, based on his experience, possession of one ounce of cocaine is more consistent with drug dealing than personal use. He also testified police look for certain denominations of money because dealers often carry denominations that correspond to the sales price of drugs, such as $20 for a quarter to half gram, $50 for a gram and $150 for 3.5 grams. He testified an ounce (28 grams) costs [221]*221between $900 and $1,100, but conceded the price could be lower over near the coast where Mr. Campos claimed he purchased the cocaine. He also testified the majority of cocaine in Okanogan County was brought into the county.

After the State had rested, the defense unsuccessfully moved to dismiss on the issue of intent. The defense then called Gabriel Valdovinos, Mr. Campos’s uncle-in-law. He testified that Mr. Campos has a wife and two children in Mexico and that he sends money down to them. Mr. Valdovinos testified he received a $900 money order from Mr. Campos in February to fix his truck.

Mr. Campos testified he had been living in Everett and worked a variety of jobs since arriving in April 1997. Mr. Campos worked a car lot where he earned between $1,700 and $2,000 per month. In March, he quit that job and began working for a tree planting business earning about $300 per week. Mr. Campos testified he did not have a savings account. He explained he belonged to a money saving group and had received $1,000 from the group in January or February.

He testified he was in Okanogan County for the day to visit some friends and relatives. He admitted possessing the cocaine but solely for personal use. He purchased the cocaine in Seattle on the day he left. He bought an ounce because it was cheaper that way. He said the $1,750 was from his car lot job and that he had no other place to keep it. He testified he borrowed $1,000 from his cousin and traded in his old truck worth $3,000 to make a down payment on his current truck worth over $13,000.

The State asked him about a piece of paper the police found in his wallet that had the Spanish word for snow written on it along with a column of numbers. Mr. Campos said a friend dropped the paper in a restaurant, and he had picked it up in order to return it. On rebuttal, the State recalled Officer Hook. He testified “snow” was slang for cocaine and that the paper could be a ledger for keeping track of drug transactions. Mr. Campos said he had never heard the word used to mean cocaine. Officer Hook in [222]*222rebuttal testified that when he initially asked Mr. Campos about the piece of paper at the police station, Mr. Campos told him it was a time log from work. Mr. Campos, in turn, testified that Officer Hook suggested the paper was from work and he simply agreed. In response, Officer Hook denied proposing this answer. Mr. Campos again moved unsuccessfully to dismiss for insufficient evidence at the close of all evidence.

The jury returned a verdict of guilty. Mr. Campos appealed.

ANALYSIS

The issue is whether the trial court erred by denying Mr. Campos’s motion to dismiss on the intent issue at the close of all evidence based upon all evidence.

Evidence is sufficient if, after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt. State v. Green, 94 Wn.2d 216, 221, 616 P.2d 628 (1980). All reasonable inferences must be drawn in the State’s favor and interpreted most strongly against the defendant. State v. Gentry, 125 Wn.2d 570, 597, 888 P.2d 1105 (1995).

The intent to deliver must logically follow as a matter of probability from the evidence. State v. Davis, 79 Wn. App. 591, 594, 904 P.2d 306 (1995). Possession of a controlled substance, without more, is insufficient to establish an inference of intent to deliver. State v. Hagler, 74 Wn. App. 232, 235, 872 P.2d 85 (1994). A police officer’s opinion that a defendant possessed more drugs than normal for personal use is insufficient to establish intent to deliver. State v. Lopez, 79 Wn. App. 755, 768, 904 P.2d 1179 (1995). Where intent to deliver is inferred from possession of a large quantity of a controlled substance, some additional factor must be present. State v. Hutchins, 73 Wn. App. 211, 216, 868 P.2d 196 (1994).

In Hagler, the court held there was sufficient evidence to [223]*223conclude the defendant, a juvenile, had the intent to deliver where the only additional factor establishing intent was the large amount of cash he possessed.

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Bluebook (online)
998 P.2d 893, 100 Wash. App. 218, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-campos-washctapp-2000.