State v. Babcock

185 P.3d 1213
CourtCourt of Appeals of Washington
DecidedJune 19, 2008
Docket23491-6-III
StatusPublished
Cited by21 cases

This text of 185 P.3d 1213 (State v. Babcock) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Washington primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Babcock, 185 P.3d 1213 (Wash. Ct. App. 2008).

Opinion

185 P.3d 1213 (2008)

STATE of Washington, Respondent,
v.
Donald Ray BABCOCK, Appellant.

No. 23491-6-III.

Court of Appeals of Washington, Division 3.

June 19, 2008.

*1214 Dennis W. Morgan, Attorney at Law, Ritzville, WA, for Appellant.

David Brian Trefry, Attorney at Law, Spokane, WA, Timothy Shane O'Neill, Klickitat Co. Pros. Atty., Goldendale, WA, for Respondent.

STEPHENS, J.[*]

¶ 1 Donald Ray Babcock was charged with first degree child rape, harassment and kidnapping of MB, and first degree child molestation of AT. Over Mr. Babcock's objection, the trial court determined that both MB and AT were competent to testify, and that hearsay testimony regarding AT's allegations was admissible. The kidnapping charge was dismissed before trial. The child molestation charge was dismissed mid-trial after AT refused to testify. Although substantial hearsay testimony had been admitted relating to the charge involving AT, the trial court denied Mr. Babcock's motion for a mistrial, instructing the jury to disregard the testimony concerning AT's allegations. The jury convicted Mr. Babcock of first degree child rape, but could not reach a verdict on the harassment charge, which the trial court then dismissed without prejudice. Mr. Babcock appeals. We reverse and remand for further proceedings, holding that the trial court abused its discretion by refusing to grant a mistrial.

FACTS

¶ 2 Donald Babcock is the uncle of MB and AT, ages 8 and 5 respectively. In late August of 2003, MB informed her 12-year-old aunt, Chelsey Cunningham, that "Donnie" was touching her in her "private areas." Report of Proceedings (RP) (July 22, 2004) at 172. MB indicated that she had told her mother, Kim Babcock about it. Chelsey did not tell anyone about the disclosure.

¶ 3 In October of 2003, AT spontaneously informed her grandmother, Janet Cunningham and her husband, Dale, that "[m]y Uncle Donnie's been touching me." RP (July 22, 2004) at 149. Ms. Cunningham informed Ms. Babcock of AT's statements. Ms. Cunningham did not report the incident to the police because Ms. Babcock was in the midst of a custody hearing and she wanted her to wait until that was completed. Ms. Babcock assured her mother that she would take care of it.

¶ 4 On January 21, 2004, MB visited the school nurse, Sommer Enyeart, because she had urinated in her pants. Because this had happened on previous occasions, the nurse asked if she had been taking any bubble baths or if she had been touched inappropriately. MB reported that she had been touched inappropriately by a babysitter and also by her uncle. She further told Nurse Enyeart that the babysitter was in jail and that she had told her mother about her uncle, but that nothing had happened. Nurse Enyeart then reported the incident to Child Protective Services (CPS).

¶ 5 Sergeant Reggie Bartkowski of the Goldendale Police Department investigated *1215 the referral. He interviewed MB at her school. After he determined that she knew the difference between a truth and a lie, as well as the consequences for telling a lie, he began to question her with regard to the incident.

¶ 6 MB told him that her Uncle Donnie had touched her in her private areas when she was living in the green house in Goldendale.[1] She indicated that she had been asleep in her bedroom downstairs and that, in the middle of the night, her Uncle Donnie and her Aunt Lacey came down to her bedroom and carried her upstairs. She indicated that her Aunt Lacey put her hand over her mouth so she could not scream and that her aunt was playing with her "boobs." RP (July 22, 2004) at 15. Both her aunt and uncle were undressed at the time. She also indicated that her aunt and uncle undressed her and that she was tied down with ropes. Then her Uncle Donnie took his finger and placed it in her crotch. She indicated that it felt weird and it hurt. They then gave her a pill which made her sleepy. They warned her that if she told anybody they would kill her. They then took her downstairs and put her back to bed. While they were putting her to bed, she heard them say they were going for AT.

¶ 7 Sergeant Bartkowski also questioned AT. As with MB, he determined that she knew the difference between a truth and a lie, as well as the consequences for telling a lie, before he began to question her with regard to the incident.

¶ 8 AT stated that she was there because her Uncle Donnie touched her in "wrong places" and pointed to her crotch. RP (July 22, 2004) at 23. She told him it occurred during the nighttime in the green house and that she had gone upstairs and sat on her uncle's lap. She indicated that her underwear was down about four inches and that her uncle touched her. After that it was difficult to obtain any more details from AT.

¶ 9 An information was filed on February 2, 2004, charging Mr. Babcock with one count of first-degree child rape (MB), one count of first degree child molestation (AT), one count of kidnapping (MB),[2] and one count of harassment (MB).

¶ 10 The trial court held a competency hearing on May 27, 2004. Both MB and AT testified. AT was able to answer questions designed to test her ability to discern the truth from a lie and her knowledge of the consequences for lying. When asked why she was in court, AT stated "[b]ecause my Uncle Donnie done bad things" at her house in Goldendale. RP (May 27, 2004) at 13. She was able to relate that her mother was home and that the incident happened upstairs inside the house during the day. She was also able to relate that her Uncle Donnie and Aunt Lacey lived upstairs and that she lived downstairs with her mother. However, when pressed about the incident, she refused to speak, indicating that she did not like talking about it and that she was not supposed to talk about it.

¶ 11 The court made the following ruling as to the competency of AT:

In [AT's] case, she's a five-year-old child. She appears to be of average intelligence. She knows the difference between a lie and a truth. She knows things like above, below, inside, outside, hard, soft, things of that nature. She also is able to express herself, and although she's a typical five-year-old and she's kind of squirrelly at times, she's certainly able to perceive events and relate events, although she might do so reluctantly, but that's something that could be determined at the time of trial. But as far as her competency is concerned, I do find that [AT] is competent to testify.

RP (July 6, 2004) at 19. The court then applied the Ryan[3] factors and determined that AT's hearsay statements to various witnesses were reliable and admissible.

¶ 12 At trial, the State introduced the hearsay statements of AT through Sergeant Bartkowski; Gail Froehlich, a CPS caseworker *1216 with the Department of Social and Health Services; Ms. Babcock; and Janet and Dale Cunningham. But, when AT was called to the stand, she refused to answer any questions. AT further refused to testify by closed-circuit television. Because there was no corroboration of AT's previous statements, the trial court ruled them inadmissible and dismissed the charges as they related to AT. The trial court refused to grant a mistrial, and instead issued a cautionary instruction to the jury instructing the jury to disregard the testimony concerning AT.

¶ 13 MB testified at trial. She stated that Mr. Babcock touched her "privates." She indicated that this occurred in an upstairs bedroom after she had been tied up with a rope. While tied up, she was given apple juice and a black and white sleeping pill.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
185 P.3d 1213, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-babcock-washctapp-2008.