[Cite as State ex rel. McKernan v. Seven Hills City Council, 2018-Ohio-1830.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 105499
STATE OF OHIO, EX REL. LUCY McKERNAN RELATOR-APPELLANT
vs.
CITY OF SEVEN HILLS, OHIO CITY COUNCIL, ET AL.
RESPONDENTS-APPELLEES
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED IN PART, REVERSED IN PART AND REMANDED
Civil Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Case No. CV-16-870525
BEFORE: E.A. Gallagher, A.J., McCormack, J., and S. Gallagher, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: May 10, 2018 ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
Danamarie Pannella 1343 Sharon-Copley Road P.O. Box 345 Sharon Center, Ohio 44274
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEES
Patrick Dichiro Law Office of Patrick Dichiro 7325 Summitview Drive Seven Hills, Ohio 44131 EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, A.J.:
{¶1} Relator-appellant Lucy McKernan appeals the judgment of the Cuyahoga
County Court of Common Pleas in this declaratory judgment action concerning an
ordinance dispute with respondent-appellee, the city of Seven Hills (“the city”). For the
following reasons, we reverse in part and remand.
Facts and Procedural History
{¶2} On August 8, 2016, the Seven Hills City Council passed amended Seven Hills
Codified Ordinances 66-2016, which amended Section 505.11 of the Seven Hills
Codified Ordinances to allow deer hunting, by bow, within the borders of the city.
Cognizant of a circulating petition for a referendum vote to challenge the ordinance,
council passed Ordinances 108-2016 on October 3, 2016, which repealed Section 505.11.
On the same date, the council passed Ordinances 109-2016, an emergency measure to
amend Section 505.11 by reimplementing it and allowing bow hunting of deer within city
limits. The parties agree that the purpose of adopting the emergency ordinance was to
preempt a challenge to the ordinance via referendum.
{¶3} On October 14, 2016, appellant filed a statutory taxpayer’s action for
injunctive relief pursuant to R.C. 733.59 and sought a declaratory judgment that
Ordinances 109-2016 was unlawful. Appellant sought to enjoin enforcement of the
ordinance, claiming that it violated R.C. 731.30 in that it failed to state any reasons for the
stated emergency and its passage was an abuse of the city’s power to enact emergency
ordinances. Appellant also sought costs and reasonable attorney fees. {¶4} On December 2, 2016, appellant filed a motion for summary judgment. The
city filed a brief in opposition on December 30, 2016, arguing that appellant’s claims
were moot because, on October 24, 2016, the city council passed Ordinances 115-2016
that repealed Ordinances 109-2016 and replaced it with a version that addressed the
alleged emergency description defect at issue in this case. Appellant filed a reply brief
and did not dispute that the city’s passage of Ordinances 115-2016 had rendered her
challenge of Ordinances 109-2016 moot but argued that she was still entitled to her costs
and reasonable attorney fees pursuant to R.C. 733.61 and Hess v. Toledo, 133 Ohio
App.3d 729, 729 N.E.2d 823 (6th Dist.1999).
{¶5} On January 25, 2017, the trial court issued a journal entry denying appellant’s
motion for summary judgment as moot. The trial court stated that in light of the repeal
of Ordinances 109-2016 and passage of Ordinances 115-2016, it would treat the city’s
brief in opposition as a motion for summary judgment. The court then granted summary
judgment in favor of the city and dismissed the case.
Law and Analysis
I. Summary Judgment
{¶6} In her sole assignment of error, appellant argues that the trial court erred in
granting summary in favor of the city without holding a hearing to address her costs and
reasonable attorney fees.
{¶7} Our review of a trial court’s grant of summary judgment is de novo. Grafton
v. Ohio Edison Co., 77 Ohio St.3d 102, 105, 1996-Ohio-336, 671 N.E.2d 241. Pursuant to Civ.R. 56(C), summary judgment is appropriate when (1) there is no genuine issue of
material fact; (2) the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law; and (3)
reasonable minds can come to but one conclusion and that conclusion is adverse to the
nonmoving party, said party being entitled to have the evidence construed most strongly
in his favor. Horton v. Harwick Chem. Corp., 73 Ohio St.3d 679, 1995-Ohio-286, 653
N.E.2d 1196, paragraph three of the syllabus; Zivich v. Mentor Soccer Club, 82 Ohio
St.3d 367, 1998-Ohio-389, 696 N.E.2d 201. The party moving for summary judgment
bears the burden of showing that there is no genuine issue of material fact and that it is
entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Dresher v. Burt, 75 Ohio St.3d 280,
1996-Ohio-107, 662 N.E.2d 264.
{¶8} The decision to award attorney fees to a successful relator in an R.C. 733.59
taxpayer suit lies within the court’s discretion. State ex rel. Badgett v. Mullens, 177
Ohio App.3d 27, 2008-Ohio-2373, 893 N.E.2d 870, ¶ 59 (4th Dist.) citing State ex rel.
Committee for the Charter Amendment Petition v. Avon, 81 Ohio St.3d 590, 595,
1998-Ohio-598, 693 N.E.2d 205. In a taxpayer action properly brought in accordance
with the requirements of R.C. 733.59, attorney fees may be awarded to the taxpayer if
judgment is finally ordered in their favor, R.C. 733.61, and results in a benefit to the
public. Royal Am. Corp. v. Euclid, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 37005, 1978 Ohio App.
LEXIS 10437 (June 8, 1978), citing Brauer v. Cleveland, 7 Ohio St.2d 94, 96 N.E.2d 599
(1966); Morris v. City Council of Macedonia, 71 Ohio St.3d 52, 58, 641 N.E.2d 1075
(1994). Although a prerequisite to the allowance of attorney fees in a taxpayer’s action is the bestowal of a benefit upon the public through the efforts of the taxpayer, the benefit need not be monetary and a fund need not be created or preserved. The benefit obtained by the public through the action of the payer may be of an intangible character, such as the prevention of illegal government activity.
Billington v. Cotner, 37 Ohio St.2d 17, N.E.2d 805 (1974), at paragraph one of the
syllabus.
{¶9} The fact that a taxpayer action pursuant to R.C. 733.59 is rendered moot by a
municipality’s repeal of the ordinance in question prior to judgment does not preclude the
recovery of the relator’s reasonable attorney fees pursuant to R.C. 733.61. Hess v. Toledo,
133 Ohio App.3d 729, 736, 729 N.E.2d 823 (6th Dist.1999). The dismissal of a R.C.
733.59 complaint due to a municipality’s voluntary repeal is the “equivalent of a final
judgment in [the relator’s] favor, notwithstanding the fact that [the municipality’s] actions
rendered the case moot.” Id.; see also Royal Am. Corp. v. Euclid, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No.
37005, 1978 Ohio App. LEXIS 10437 (June 8, 1978)
{¶10} In this instance, the trial court noted that appellant was seeking costs and
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[Cite as State ex rel. McKernan v. Seven Hills City Council, 2018-Ohio-1830.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 105499
STATE OF OHIO, EX REL. LUCY McKERNAN RELATOR-APPELLANT
vs.
CITY OF SEVEN HILLS, OHIO CITY COUNCIL, ET AL.
RESPONDENTS-APPELLEES
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED IN PART, REVERSED IN PART AND REMANDED
Civil Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Case No. CV-16-870525
BEFORE: E.A. Gallagher, A.J., McCormack, J., and S. Gallagher, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: May 10, 2018 ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
Danamarie Pannella 1343 Sharon-Copley Road P.O. Box 345 Sharon Center, Ohio 44274
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEES
Patrick Dichiro Law Office of Patrick Dichiro 7325 Summitview Drive Seven Hills, Ohio 44131 EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, A.J.:
{¶1} Relator-appellant Lucy McKernan appeals the judgment of the Cuyahoga
County Court of Common Pleas in this declaratory judgment action concerning an
ordinance dispute with respondent-appellee, the city of Seven Hills (“the city”). For the
following reasons, we reverse in part and remand.
Facts and Procedural History
{¶2} On August 8, 2016, the Seven Hills City Council passed amended Seven Hills
Codified Ordinances 66-2016, which amended Section 505.11 of the Seven Hills
Codified Ordinances to allow deer hunting, by bow, within the borders of the city.
Cognizant of a circulating petition for a referendum vote to challenge the ordinance,
council passed Ordinances 108-2016 on October 3, 2016, which repealed Section 505.11.
On the same date, the council passed Ordinances 109-2016, an emergency measure to
amend Section 505.11 by reimplementing it and allowing bow hunting of deer within city
limits. The parties agree that the purpose of adopting the emergency ordinance was to
preempt a challenge to the ordinance via referendum.
{¶3} On October 14, 2016, appellant filed a statutory taxpayer’s action for
injunctive relief pursuant to R.C. 733.59 and sought a declaratory judgment that
Ordinances 109-2016 was unlawful. Appellant sought to enjoin enforcement of the
ordinance, claiming that it violated R.C. 731.30 in that it failed to state any reasons for the
stated emergency and its passage was an abuse of the city’s power to enact emergency
ordinances. Appellant also sought costs and reasonable attorney fees. {¶4} On December 2, 2016, appellant filed a motion for summary judgment. The
city filed a brief in opposition on December 30, 2016, arguing that appellant’s claims
were moot because, on October 24, 2016, the city council passed Ordinances 115-2016
that repealed Ordinances 109-2016 and replaced it with a version that addressed the
alleged emergency description defect at issue in this case. Appellant filed a reply brief
and did not dispute that the city’s passage of Ordinances 115-2016 had rendered her
challenge of Ordinances 109-2016 moot but argued that she was still entitled to her costs
and reasonable attorney fees pursuant to R.C. 733.61 and Hess v. Toledo, 133 Ohio
App.3d 729, 729 N.E.2d 823 (6th Dist.1999).
{¶5} On January 25, 2017, the trial court issued a journal entry denying appellant’s
motion for summary judgment as moot. The trial court stated that in light of the repeal
of Ordinances 109-2016 and passage of Ordinances 115-2016, it would treat the city’s
brief in opposition as a motion for summary judgment. The court then granted summary
judgment in favor of the city and dismissed the case.
Law and Analysis
I. Summary Judgment
{¶6} In her sole assignment of error, appellant argues that the trial court erred in
granting summary in favor of the city without holding a hearing to address her costs and
reasonable attorney fees.
{¶7} Our review of a trial court’s grant of summary judgment is de novo. Grafton
v. Ohio Edison Co., 77 Ohio St.3d 102, 105, 1996-Ohio-336, 671 N.E.2d 241. Pursuant to Civ.R. 56(C), summary judgment is appropriate when (1) there is no genuine issue of
material fact; (2) the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law; and (3)
reasonable minds can come to but one conclusion and that conclusion is adverse to the
nonmoving party, said party being entitled to have the evidence construed most strongly
in his favor. Horton v. Harwick Chem. Corp., 73 Ohio St.3d 679, 1995-Ohio-286, 653
N.E.2d 1196, paragraph three of the syllabus; Zivich v. Mentor Soccer Club, 82 Ohio
St.3d 367, 1998-Ohio-389, 696 N.E.2d 201. The party moving for summary judgment
bears the burden of showing that there is no genuine issue of material fact and that it is
entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Dresher v. Burt, 75 Ohio St.3d 280,
1996-Ohio-107, 662 N.E.2d 264.
{¶8} The decision to award attorney fees to a successful relator in an R.C. 733.59
taxpayer suit lies within the court’s discretion. State ex rel. Badgett v. Mullens, 177
Ohio App.3d 27, 2008-Ohio-2373, 893 N.E.2d 870, ¶ 59 (4th Dist.) citing State ex rel.
Committee for the Charter Amendment Petition v. Avon, 81 Ohio St.3d 590, 595,
1998-Ohio-598, 693 N.E.2d 205. In a taxpayer action properly brought in accordance
with the requirements of R.C. 733.59, attorney fees may be awarded to the taxpayer if
judgment is finally ordered in their favor, R.C. 733.61, and results in a benefit to the
public. Royal Am. Corp. v. Euclid, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 37005, 1978 Ohio App.
LEXIS 10437 (June 8, 1978), citing Brauer v. Cleveland, 7 Ohio St.2d 94, 96 N.E.2d 599
(1966); Morris v. City Council of Macedonia, 71 Ohio St.3d 52, 58, 641 N.E.2d 1075
(1994). Although a prerequisite to the allowance of attorney fees in a taxpayer’s action is the bestowal of a benefit upon the public through the efforts of the taxpayer, the benefit need not be monetary and a fund need not be created or preserved. The benefit obtained by the public through the action of the payer may be of an intangible character, such as the prevention of illegal government activity.
Billington v. Cotner, 37 Ohio St.2d 17, N.E.2d 805 (1974), at paragraph one of the
syllabus.
{¶9} The fact that a taxpayer action pursuant to R.C. 733.59 is rendered moot by a
municipality’s repeal of the ordinance in question prior to judgment does not preclude the
recovery of the relator’s reasonable attorney fees pursuant to R.C. 733.61. Hess v. Toledo,
133 Ohio App.3d 729, 736, 729 N.E.2d 823 (6th Dist.1999). The dismissal of a R.C.
733.59 complaint due to a municipality’s voluntary repeal is the “equivalent of a final
judgment in [the relator’s] favor, notwithstanding the fact that [the municipality’s] actions
rendered the case moot.” Id.; see also Royal Am. Corp. v. Euclid, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No.
37005, 1978 Ohio App. LEXIS 10437 (June 8, 1978)
{¶10} In this instance, the trial court noted that appellant was seeking costs and
reasonable attorney fees as part of her claims but nonetheless denied appellant’s motion
for summary judgment as moot while simultaneously granting judgment in favor of the
city. The city rendered appellant’s challenges to Ordinances 109-2016 moot by
repealing and replacing it with an ordinance with additional language designed to comply
with R.C. 731.30 and the holding of the Ohio Supreme Court in Youngstown v. Aiello,
156 Ohio St. 32, 34, 100 N.E.2d 62 (1951) (finding that language nearly identical to that
found in Section 6 of Ordinances 109-2016 was insufficient to satisfy a municipality’s duty to announce the reasons for an emergency measure). See also State ex rel.
Laughlin v. James, 115 Ohio St.3d 231, 2007-Ohio-4811, 874 N.E.2d 1145, ¶ 32-33
(holding that the mere parroting of conclusory language that an emergency ordinance is
“necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety” is
insufficient to justify the declaration of an emergency).
{¶11} Therefore, as in Hess, the city’s act of repealing the challenged ordinance
constituted the equivalent of a final judgment in appellant’s favor. However, the record
contains no indication that the trial court properly considered the question of whether
appellant’s efforts bestowed a benefit upon the public. Instead, the record reflects that
the trial court incorrectly believed appellant’s claim for costs and attorney fees was moot.
{¶12} Therefore, we find that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment
in favor of the city on appellant’s claim for costs and reasonable attorney fees pursuant to
R.C. 733.61.
{¶13} The judgment of the trial court is affirmed in part, reversed in part and
remanded for proper consideration of R.C. 733.61.
It is ordered that appellant recover of said appellees costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the Cuyahoga
County Court of Common Pleas to carry this judgment into execution.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to
Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure. _____________________________________________________ EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE
TIM McCORMACK, J., CONCURS; SEAN C. GALLAGHER, J., DISSENTS (WITH SEPARATE OPINION ATTACHED)
SEAN C. GALLAGHER, J., DISSENTING:
{¶14} I respectfully dissent. In this appeal, McKernan claims the trial court erred
by failing to conclude that Ordinance Nos. 109-2016 was invalid and by failing to hold a
hearing on attorney fees under R.C. 733.61. McKernan conceded, in her reply to the
city’s motion for summary judgment, that repealing the ordinance mooted the need to
consider the validity of the statute. That issue need not be considered.
{¶15} R.C. 733.61 provides that if the trial court is satisfied that the taxpayer had
good cause to believe that her allegations were well founded, it shall allow the taxpayer
her costs, “and, if judgment is finally ordered in [her] favor, [s]he may be allowed, as part
of costs, a reasonable compensation for [her] attorney.” (Emphasis added.) Thus, costs
are mandatory if the relator has good cause to believe that the allegations are well
founded, but attorney fees are discretionary. Hubbard ex rel. Creed v. Sauline, 74 Ohio
St.3d 402, 407, 1996-Ohio-174, 659 N.E.2d 781.
{¶16} The trial court resolved the costs issue, which according to the statute
includes reasonable compensation for the attorney, and imposed costs each to their own.
McKernan argues that the trial court erred in denying her motion for summary judgment
because of the city repealing the statute. The trial court noted that Ordinance 109-2016 was essentially repealed within ten days of the filing, which was a little over two weeks
after McKernan had her attorney send a letter to the law director, and that the ordinance
was replaced with a substantively identical statute that expressly detailed the reasons for
the emergency measure. See, e.g., Cincinnati ex rel. Zimmer v. Cincinnati, 1st Dist.
Hamilton No. C-090850, 2010-Ohio-4597, ¶ 20 (relator not entitled to fees or costs for
pursuing action after the relator had already achieved the desired result). The denial of
McKernan’s motion for summary judgment is not relevant to the trial court’s decision
requiring the parties to pay their own costs. These are separate issues.
{¶17} Although there is support for the notion that attorney fees can be awarded
when the challenged statute is withdrawn under Hess v. Toledo, 133 Ohio App.3d 729,
729 N.E.2d 823 (6th Dist.1999), attorney fees are discretionary. Even if a judgment is
entered in favor of the relator, R.C. 733.61 permits attorney fees; it does not mandate
them. “‘The term discretion itself involves the idea of choice, of an exercise of the will,
of a determination made between competing considerations.’” Dech-Noble v. Ammons,
8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 104896, 2017-Ohio-7403, ¶ 16, quoting State v. Jenkins, 15 Ohio
St.3d 164, 222, 473 N.E.2d 264 (1984), and Spalding v. Spalding, 355 Mich. 382,
384-385, 94 N.W.2d 810 (1959). Thus, we review the denial of an award for attorney
fees under an abuse of discretion standard of review, not de novo as suggested by
McKernan.
{¶18} That is not to say that McKernan is suggesting the fees are mandatory.
Instead, she asks only for a remand for the purpose of the trial court conducting a hearing on the attorney fees issue. But McKernan has not presented any authority standing for
the proposition that a trial court is required to conduct a hearing before denying a motion
for attorney fees or that the failure to conduct a hearing is an abuse of discretion per se.
See, e.g., Altercare of Mayfield Village, Inc. v. Berner, 2017-Ohio-958, 86 N.E.3d 649, ¶
49 (8th Dist.). In this case, it cannot be concluded from the arguments presented that the
trial court abused its discretion in denying McKernan attorney fees. App.R. 16(A)(7). I
would affirm.