State Auto Property & Casualty v. Brumit Services, Inc.

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedDecember 11, 2017
Docket17-1700
StatusPublished

This text of State Auto Property & Casualty v. Brumit Services, Inc. (State Auto Property & Casualty v. Brumit Services, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State Auto Property & Casualty v. Brumit Services, Inc., (7th Cir. 2017).

Opinion

In the

United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit ____________________ No. 17‐1700 STATE AUTO PROPERTY AND CASUALTY INSURANCE COMPANY, Plaintiff‐Appellant,

v.

BRUMIT SERVICES, INC., AN ILLINOIS CORPORATION, et al., Defendants‐Appellees. ____________________

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Illinois. No. 3:15‐cv‐00956 — Nancy J. Rosenstengel, Judge. ____________________

ARGUED OCTOBER 26, 2017 — DECIDED DECEMBER 11, 2017 ____________________

Before FLAUM, RIPPLE, and MANION, Circuit Judges. MANION, Circuit Judge. In this insurance dispute, insurer State Auto Property and Casualty Insurance Company seeks a declaratory judgment that it has no duty to defend insured Brumit Services, Inc., because the latter failed to provide prompt notice of an accident that eventually led to a lawsuit. The district court concluded that the insured’s 21‐month de‐ lay in notifying the insurer was reasonable and awarded judg‐ ment to the insured. We disagree. Brumit’s failure to provide 2 No. 17‐1700

prompt notice of the accident was inexcusable under Illinois law. Therefore, we reverse the judgment of the district court. I. Background Carl Brumit owns Brumit Services, Inc., a small business that performs residential concrete construction work. The company has two employees and operates out of Brumit’s home. On behalf of the company, Brumit purchased a Busi‐ ness Auto Liability insurance policy from State Auto to cover the truck he used for the business.1 Like most auto insurance policies, Brumit’s policy provided that State Auto would de‐ fend and indemnify Brumit in the event he was sued for an accident causing bodily injury or property damage. However, State Auto had “no duty to provide coverage” unless Brumit complied with his duties under the policy, one of which was that Brumit “must give [State Auto] prompt notice of the ‘ac‐ cident’ or ‘loss.’” On September 6, 2013, Brumit was in the parking lot of a Phillips 66 gas station in Columbia, Illinois, with the covered truck. When he backed out of his parking space, he unwit‐ tingly struck 68‐year‐old Delores Menard with the truck’s tail‐ gate. Menard fell and suffered scrape wounds on her elbow and knee. She was treated by an EMT and declined a trip to the hospital, instead choosing to drive herself home. For his part, Brumit was unaware that he had hit Menard until a by‐ stander alerted him as he was driving away. He then came back to the scene, called for an ambulance, and provided the police officer at the scene with a statement. He observed that

1 For clarity, we use “Brumit” to refer interchangeably to Brumit Ser‐

vices and Carl Brumit personally. No. 17‐1700 3

Menard was sitting down and “may have had a scratch on her knee.” After everyone parted ways, Brumit thought the incident so minor that he was not required to report it to State Auto. But on June 22, 2015, he was served with a lawsuit in Illinois state court in connection with the accident. Menard alleged in the state court complaint that the accident caused her to “sus‐ tain severe, permanent and permanently disabling injury; in‐ cluding injuries to her back and spine and the soft tissue struc‐ tures thereof.” She sought damages in excess of $50,000. Her husband also sued Brumit, alleging, among other things, loss of consortium. The next day, Brumit notified State Auto that he had been sued. State Auto then sought a declaratory judgment in the district court that it had no duty to defend Brumit in the law‐ suit because Brumit had breached the policy’s notice require‐ ment. The parties filed cross‐motions for summary judgment; the district court granted Brumit’s motion and denied State Auto’s. State Auto Prop. & Cas. Ins. Co. v. Brumit Servs., Inc., 245 F. Supp. 3d 1048 (S.D. Ill. 2017). The court concluded that Bru‐ mit’s 21‐month delay in notifying State Auto about the acci‐ dent was reasonable as a matter of law. This appeal followed. II. Analysis A. Standard of Review and Governing Law This case comes to us on cross‐motions for summary judg‐ ment with no disputed facts, so we review the district court’s legal conclusions de novo. “Where facts are not disputed, if a district court grants one partyʹs motion for summary judg‐ ment and denies the other partyʹs cross‐motion, this court can 4 No. 17‐1700

reverse and award summary judgment to the losing party be‐ low.” Glass v. Dachel, 2 F.3d 733, 739 (7th Cir. 1993). The parties agree that Illinois law applies. Our job is to apply Illinois law to the undisputed facts of this case. B. Overview of Applicable Law “In construing an insurance policy, we must ascertain and give effect to the intentions of the parties, as expressed in the policy language.” West Am. Ins. Co. v. Yorkville Nat’l Bank, 939 N.E.2d 288, 293 (Ill. 2010). “Unambiguous words in the policy are to be given their plain, ordinary, and popular meaning.” Id. By contrast, ambiguous terms should be construed liber‐ ally in favor of coverage. Id. In short, Illinois courts construe insurance policies just like other contracts; the rule suggesting that courts should construe ambiguous provisions in favor of coverage is analogous to the general canon that a contract ought to be construed against the party that drafted it. The Illinois Supreme Court has repeatedly held that notice provisions in insurance policies are reasonable. As the court explained in Barrington Consolidated High School v. American Insurance Co., 319 N.E.2d 25, 27 (Ill. 1974), “[a] provision in an insurance liability policy requiring an insured to give the in‐ surer notice of an accident is a reasonable policy requirement, one which affords the insurer an opportunity to make a timely and thorough investigation and to gather and preserve possi‐ ble evidence.” These “are not merely technical requirements but are conditions precedent to an insurer’s contractual du‐ ties.” Farmers Auto Ins. Ass’n v. Burton, 967 N.E.2d 329, 333 (Ill. App. Ct. 2012). Therefore, as the policy in this case provides, breach of a notice requirement absolves the insurance com‐ pany of any obligation to defend or indemnify the insured. Id. No. 17‐1700 5

at 334 (citing Country Mut. Ins. Co. v. Livorsi Marine, Inc., 856 N.E.2d 338, 343 (Ill. 2006)). When a notice provision becomes the subject of a dispute, Illinois courts have read such provisions as requirements that the insured provide notice within a reasonable time. See id. (citing Yorkville, 939 N.E.2d at 293–94). The Illinois Supreme Court considers five factors in assessing the reasonableness of a delay in giving notice: “(1) the specific language of the pol‐ icy’s notice provision; (2) the insured’s sophistication in com‐ merce and insurance matters; (3) the insured’s awareness of an event that may trigger insurance coverage; (4) the insured’s diligence in ascertaining whether policy coverage is available; and (5) prejudice to the insurer.” Yorkville, 939 N.E.2d at 293– 94. No one factor trumps the others in this totality‐of‐the‐cir‐ cumstances analysis. See Livorsi Marine, 856 N.E.2d at 346 (ex‐ plaining that an insurer need not be prejudiced in order to in‐ sist on reasonable notice of an accident). C.

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Bluebook (online)
State Auto Property & Casualty v. Brumit Services, Inc., Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-auto-property-casualty-v-brumit-services-inc-ca7-2017.