Sowards v. Hills Materials Co.

521 N.W.2d 649, 1994 S.D. LEXIS 145, 1994 WL 483412
CourtSouth Dakota Supreme Court
DecidedSeptember 7, 1994
Docket18471, 18476
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 521 N.W.2d 649 (Sowards v. Hills Materials Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering South Dakota Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sowards v. Hills Materials Co., 521 N.W.2d 649, 1994 S.D. LEXIS 145, 1994 WL 483412 (S.D. 1994).

Opinions

AMUNDSON, Justice.

Paul Sowards appeals the circuit court’s affirmance of the South Dakota Department of Labor’s order permitting discovery by Hills Materials Company and Maryland Casualty Company. We affirm.

FACTS

On January 19, 1990, Paul Sowards (So-wards) became injured while working for Hills Materials Company (Employer). A stool broke as Sowards was stepping onto it, causing him to fall and sustain injuries to his right foot, ankle, knee, and hip. Some months after the accident, Sowards began experiencing impotency as well as inflammation of the right testicle. Eventually, in March 1992, Sowards underwent surgery by Dr. Andrew Yamada (Dr. Yamada) for a testicular inflammatory disease called “epidi-dymo-orchitis.” The pathologist involved in the surgery was Dr. James A. Rud (Dr. Rud).

Sowards filed a petition for hearing with the State Department of Labor (Department) on May 15,1992. On June 12,1992, Dr. Rud reported the condition of the testicle was not related to Sowards’ work accident. On August 18, 1992, Dr. Yamada opined that the condition of the testicle was not “secondary to the previous injury [,ie., work related].” On November 30, 1992, in response to Employer’s request for admission, Sowards admitted that the testicular disease was not within the compensation duty of Employer, .however, he refused to concede that his sexual dysfunction was not work-related. Consequently, the impotency condition is still disputed.

On January 28, 1993, Employer wrote a letter to Sowards’ attorney requesting permission to ask Dr. Yamada and Dr. Rud to address whether the impotency claim was work-related.1 On January 29, 1993, So-wards filed a motion for protective order to [651]*651prevent Employer from sending the proposed letter. Following a hearing on So-wards’ motion for protective order, Department entered an order denying Sowards’ motion.

Department’s order provided the following:

1. Employer/Insurer’s January 28, 1993, letter is a permissible communication with Claimant’s doctors, is not subject to any physician-patient privilege, and is not an ex parte communication, as Claimant’s attorney was provided a copy in advance;
2. Additional contacts by Employer/Insurer’s counsel with Claimant’s doctors are to be conducted in the following manner: if by letter, a copy is to be provided to Claimant’s counsel in advance, with an opportunity given to object to inquiries irrelevant to the present action; if by conversation, in-person, on the phone, and the like, Claimant’s counsel is to [be] notified, given the opportunity to participate, and to object to any inquiries deemed irrelevant to the present action. These guidelines in no way prevent [Employer’s] use of permissible discovery procedures to obtain medical information, to call Claimant’s doctors as witnesses in a hearing, or limit Employer/Insurer’s right to seek an independent medical examination pursuant to SDCL 62-7. '

Sowards appealed Department’s order to the circuit court. The circuit court affirmed Department’s order. Sowards appeals.

ISSUES

1. Did Department exceed its authority by issuing a discovery order allowing “informal” discovery over Sowards’ objection?

2. Was Employer’s letter to Sowards’ “treating physicians” a permissible communication and not prohibited by So-wards’ physician/patient privilege?

ISSUE ON NOTICE OF REVIEW

Did Department improperly restrict Employer’s access to the “treating physicians” in its order?

STANDARD OF REVIEW

“We review the administrative agency’s decision the same as did the circuit court. We do not substitute our judgment for that of the agency on the weight of the evidence unless clearly erroneous or characterized by an abuse of discretion.” Rank v. Lindblom, 459 N.W.2d 247, 248 (S.D.1990) (citations omitted). “Nor do we make any presumptions that the circuit court’s decision was correct.” Schlenker v. Boyd’s Drug Mart, 458 N.W.2d 368, 370 (S.D.1990) (citation omitted).

DISCUSSION

ISSUE 1

Did Department exceed its authority by issuing a discovery order allowing “informal” discovery over Sowards’ objection?

Sowards argues that Department exceeded its statutory authority by issuing the order permitting Employer to contact the treating physicians because the Employer’s contact with the treating physicians violates the phy-sieian/patient privilege and is also an ex parte communication.2 Further, Sowards contends Department is required to follow the formal discovery rules as provided by SDCL 15-6-26.

Department ruled the proposed letter from Employer to the treating physicians was not subject to any physician/patient privilege and was not an ex parte communication because Sowards’ attorney was provided with a copy of the letter in advance and was given an [652]*652opportunity to object. Department then ordered discovery to continue within certain procedural limits (i.e., notification of So-wards’ attorney prior, to contacting physicians).

Department’s order of discovery will be reviewed under the abuse of discretion standard. Under the abuse of discretion standard, it is not for us to determine whether we would have made a like ruling, but whether a judicial mind in view of the law under the circumstances could reasonably have reached such a conclusion. Myron v. Coil, 82 S.D. 180, 143 N.W.2d 738 (1966); see also Wilcox v. City of Winner, 446 N.W.2d 772 (S.D.1989).

SDCL 15-6-13 provides that the rules of civil procedure govern procedure in the circuit courts. There is no statute or proclamation providing for worker’s compensation proceedings to be governed by the rules of civil procedure. “Unless otherwise provided by statute or by proclamation of this court, such rules apply to no other proceedings.” Perrine v. S.D. Dept. of Labor, 431 N.W.2d 156, 159 (S.D.1988). The logical conclusion is that worker’s compensation proceedings are not governed by the rules of civil procedure unless otherwise ordered by the hearing officer. Perrine, 431 N.W.2d at 159; SDCL 1-26-19.2;4 see also Lawler v. Windmill Restaurant, 435 N.W.2d 708 (S.D.1989).

After reviewing all the evidence in this case, we conclude Department did not abuse its discretion by establishing the ground rules for informal discovery in a worker’s compensation case. We agree with the Iowa Supreme Court’s statement in Morrison v. Century Engineering,

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Sowards v. Hills Materials Co.
521 N.W.2d 649 (South Dakota Supreme Court, 1994)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
521 N.W.2d 649, 1994 S.D. LEXIS 145, 1994 WL 483412, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sowards-v-hills-materials-co-sd-1994.