Solomon v. American National Bank & Trust Co.

612 N.E.2d 3, 243 Ill. App. 3d 132, 183 Ill. Dec. 746, 1993 Ill. App. LEXIS 136
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedFebruary 8, 1993
Docket1-92-0204
StatusPublished
Cited by17 cases

This text of 612 N.E.2d 3 (Solomon v. American National Bank & Trust Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Solomon v. American National Bank & Trust Co., 612 N.E.2d 3, 243 Ill. App. 3d 132, 183 Ill. Dec. 746, 1993 Ill. App. LEXIS 136 (Ill. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

JUSTICE CAMPBELL

delivered the opinion of the court:

Plaintiffs Elizabeth Solomon, Meah Helfand and Tracy Bean had leased an apartment in a building owned by defendant, American National Bank and Trust Company, as trustee under trust No. 10914307. After vacating the apartment, plaintiffs brought suit against defendant for failing to promptly return their security deposit in violation of the Chicago Residential Landlord Tenant Ordinance (Chicago Municipal Code §5 — 12—080 (1992)). On cross-motions for summary judgment, the circuit court of Cook County entered summary judgment in favor of plaintiffs. For the following reasons, we affirm.

The record on appeal indicates the following facts. On April 24, 1990, plaintiffs entered into a lease for an apartment in a building owned by defendant. Plaintiffs paid approximately $1,350 as a security deposit. On April 30, 1991, plaintiffs vacated the apartment. On May 15, 1991, the building property manager mailed a letter to plaintiffs advising them that their security deposit would be returned minus deductions for late charges and the cost of cleaning the refrigerator, resulting in each plaintiff receiving $452.33.

Subsequently, defendant issued a check to each plaintiff in the amount of $452.33. These checks were dated June 26, 1991, and were mailed with a postmark dated June 27, 1991. Each check contained language on its face stating “S.D. 281-A pd. in full” and language on the reverse side stating “Security deposit pd. in full.” Each plaintiff crossed out the above-quoted language and cashed the checks. Later, the building property manager was notified by plaintiffs’ attorney in a letter dated July 9, 1991, that plaintiffs disputed defendant’s calculations. The letter also demanded payment of an additional $1,350 plus interest, asserting rights under the Chicago Residential Landlord Tenant Ordinance, which provides in relevant part:

“(d) The landlord shall within 45 days after the date that the tenant vacates the dwelling unit, return to the tenant the security deposit or any balance thereof and the required interest thereon ***

* * *

(f) If the landlord or landlord’s agent fails to comply with this section, the tenant shall be awarded damages in an amount equal to two times the security deposit plus interest at five percent together with court costs and reasonable attorney’s fees. This subsection does not preclude the tenant from recovering other damages to which he may be entitled under this chapter.” Chicago Municipal Code §§5 — 12—080(d), (f) (1991).

On July 25, 1991, plaintiffs brought suit against defendant. Plaintiffs moved for summary judgment on October 21, 1991, after defendant’s answer admitted that plaintiffs vacated the apartment on April 30, 1991, and that the checks were mailed on June 27, 1991. Defendant filed a cross-motion for summary judgment, asserting that there had been an accord and satisfaction as a matter of law.

On December 19, 1991, the trial court denied defendant’s motion and granted plaintiffs’ motion. The trial court entered judgment for plaintiffs in the amount of $3,000 plus costs, representing double the amount of the security deposit plus $300 in attorney fees. Defendant timely filed a notice of appeal to this court.

Summary judgment is properly granted if the pleadings, depositions, and admissions on file, together with any affidavits, show there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 110, par. 2 — 1005(c); Alop v. Edgewood Valley Community Association (1987), 154 Ill. App. 3d 482, 484, 507 N.E.2d 19, 21.) In order to withstand a motion for summary judgment, the nonmoving party must come forward with evidentiary material that establishes a genuine issue of fact. (Salinas v. Chicago Park District (1989), 189 Ill. App. 3d 55, 545 N.E.2d 184.) Absent an abuse of discretion by the trial court, summary judgment will not be reversed. Fearon v. Mobil Joliet Refining Corp. (1984), 131 Ill. App. 3d 1, 475 N.E.2d 549.

Defendant’s first contention on appeal is that the trial court erred in concluding that there was no accord and satisfaction in this case. To constitute an accord and satisfaction there must be: (1) a bona fide dispute; (2) an unliquidated sum; (3) consideration; (4) a shared and mutual intent to compromise the claim; and (5) execution of the agreement. (Grove v. Winter (1990), 197 Ill. App. 3d 406, 413, 554 N.E.2d 722, 726.) An accord and satisfaction is contractual in nature; thus, the intent of the parties is of central importance. (Holman v. Simborg (1987), 152 Ill. App. 3d 453, 456, 504 N.E.2d 967, 969.) The debtor must show that the creditor intended to accept the payment of less than what is claimed as full satisfaction; otherwise, the payment operates only as a discharge of the amount paid. (See Holman, 152 Ill. App. 3d at 456, 504 N.E.2d at 969.) To determine the intent of the parties, it is necessary to examine the language of the relevant documents. See Holman, 152 Ill. App. 3d at 456, 504 N.E.2d at 969; see also Suburban Bank v. Bousis (1991), 144 Ill. 2d 51, 59, 578 N.E.2d 935, 939 (written agreement is presumed to express mutual intent absent clear and convincing evidence to the contrary).

The language of the checks the landlord sent to the tenants clearly refers to plaintiffs’ security deposits being paid in full. However, this language does not establish that the landlord intended that cashing the checks would extinguish the plaintiffs’ claims for landlord’s failure to refund the security deposit within the time prescribed by law. Thus, this case is distinguishable from Schultheis v. McWilliams Electric Co. (1991), 219 Ill. App. 3d 571, 573, 579 N.E.2d 1100, 1101, Nelson v. Fire Insurance Exchange (1987), 156 Ill. App. 3d 1017, 1019, 510 N.E.2d 137, 138-39, and Quaintance Associates, Inc. v. PLM, Inc. (1981), 95 Ill. App. 3d 818, 822-23, 420 N.E.2d 567, 570, where the relevant documents expressly referred to paying or settling claims. Instead, this case is more similar to Holman, in which this court held that the specific language of a judgment order fully satisfied a negligence claim, but did not bar a Structural Work Act claim. (See Holman, 152 Ill. App. 3d at 456-57, 504 N.E.2d at 969-70; see also Iloh v. Stein (1992), 226 Ill. App. 3d 644, 647-48, 589 N.E.2d 1054, 1055 (check without words of completeness did not constitute accord and satisfaction); Bevelheimer v. Gierach (1975), 33 Ill. App.

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Bluebook (online)
612 N.E.2d 3, 243 Ill. App. 3d 132, 183 Ill. Dec. 746, 1993 Ill. App. LEXIS 136, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/solomon-v-american-national-bank-trust-co-illappct-1993.