ROSEN, District Judge.
Plaintiff Shirley Mitchell appeals the District Court's entry of summary judgment in favor of Defendant Toledo Hospital in this race and age discrimination/termination of employment action. For the following reasons, we affirm the decision of the District Court.
I. INTRODUCTION
This is a race and age discrimination/termination of employment case. In her Complaint filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio on December 8, 1989, Plaintiff alleged that her discharge from employment at the Defendant hospital on December 12, 1988 was in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment, 42 U.S.C. §§ 1981 and 1983, Title VII, the ADEA and Sections 4112.02(A) and 4112.99 of the Ohio Revised Code. Paragraph 1 of Plaintiff’s Complaint also contained a passing allegation that Ms. Mitchell had once been denied a promotion at the hospital because of her race, but she admitted in her deposition that this lawsuit only dealt with her discharge and her attorney confirmed that the allegation in the Complaint was a “misprint”.1
In an Opinion and Order dated February 14, 1991, the District Court granted the [579]*579Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment, finding that Plaintiff had failed to establish a prima facie case of race or age discrimination, and even assuming arguendo that she did establish a prima facie case, Plaintiff failed to establish that the non-discriminatory reason given by the hospital for her discharge — misuse of hospital property — was pretextual. A Judgment of dismissal was accordingly entered on February 20, 1991.
Plaintiff timely filed her Notice of Appeal to the Sixth Circuit.
II. FACTUAL BACKGROUND
Plaintiff Shirley Mitchell is a 51-year old black female who had been employed by Defendant Toledo Hospital (“the Hospital”) for 29 years prior to the termination of her employment in December 1988. At the time of her discharge, Ms. Mitchell was employed as an accounts examiner.2 As an accounts examiner, Ms. Mitchell was responsible for billing Welfare for charges incurred by Welfare patients at the Hospital. It was Ms. Mitchell’s responsibility to review the appropriate forms and make sure they were correctly filled out before sending them to Welfare so that the Hospital could be reimbursed for the patients’ charges by that agency.
On December 5, 1988, certain “Sterilization Consent Forms” (the “forms”) turned up missing. The forms had been seen in a box on a coffee table in the office two days earlier. Because her “team leader” and immediate supervisor, Martha Holmes, was absent, she went to Ron Wachsman, the “billing manager” who apparently was Plaintiff’s supervisor’s supervisor, and asked him if he had seen the box of forms that had been on the coffee table.
Wachsman told Ms. Mitchell that he had recently moved the coffee table but did not indicate to her whether he had seen any box of forms on the table. See J.A. 63. From Wachsman’s statement that he had moved the coffee table, Ms. Mitchell surmised that he must have set the box of forms on the floor and that housekeeping might have thrown the box in the trash. Id. Plaintiff then proceeded to look for the box of forms for two or three hours on December 5th but to no avail.
Around 8 o’clock in the morning the next day, Tuesday, December 6, 1988, Plaintiff found the box of forms in the hospital basement. She took the box to her office and placed it under her desk. Plaintiff testified at her deposition that on December 6th she only told one person — Cathy Brown, one of Plaintiff’s co-workers — that she had found the forms. J.A. 83. She did not tell any of her supervisors. Id.
Plaintiff subsequently told three of her fellow welfare accounts examiners about finding the forms, and she and these three co-workers agreed to play a “practical joke” on Wachsman:
[MITCHELL]
A: I remember we were jokingly, Mary [Mihalko], Sue [Sheronick], Cindy [Dawson] and I, saying that we weren’t going to tell Ron Wachsman until, jokingly, December____
[DEFENSE COUNSEL]
Q: You said until December. It was December.
A: Christmas I was saying. We were jokingly saying it.
Q: You were not going to tell Ron until the day before Christmas?
A: Uh-huh, or something like that.
Q: Was it you or the—
A: Mary Mihalko and I jokingly said it.
Q: Okay.
A: And Cindy said yes, he doesn’t need to know anytime soon.
Q: Who said it first?
A: We all said it in unison.
Q: You all said it in unison?
A: Uh-huh, and I said not until Christmas.
Q: You were the one that said not until Christmas. That was going to be his Christmas present or what?
[580]*580A: No. It was said jokingly----
J.A. at 80-82.
A couple of hours later that morning, Mitchell’s supervisor, Ronald Wachsman asked her if she had seen the forms. She denied having seen them, even though she knew that she had them under her desk.3 She kept the forms hidden under her desk for another day and then moved them to her personal file cabinet which she locked with a key. On Thursday morning, December 8, Plaintiff was advised by a co-worker that Mr. Wachsman and Mr. Mike Swick, another supervisor, had been looking for the forms and had looked under her desk on Wednesday evening. Later on Thursday, Mr. Wachsman again asked Plaintiff if she had located the forms and she again denied having seen them.
On Friday, December 9, Mr. Wachsman called Ms. Mitchell into his office and informed her that the forms had been found. When he asked her why she had not told him that she had found them, Mitchell replied that “she wanted him to stew in his own mess.” J.A. at 89.
Plaintiff was informed that her actions constituted a misuse of Hospital property, a terminable offense according to the Hospital’s employee handbook. The Hospital’s five member review board was convened and unanimously agreed that discharge was the appropriate disciplinary action.
Accordingly, on Monday, December 12, 1988, in a meeting with Mr. Wachsman and Mr. Baranski of the hospital’s Human Resources department, Plaintiff was advised that her employment was terminated. Mitchell then brought the instant action, claiming that she was terminated because of her race and her age.
III. PLAINTIFF’S ARGUMENTS IN THE DISTRICT COURT AND IN THIS APPEAL
While Plaintiff alleged in her Complaint that the hospital has not terminated any white or younger employees for the same type of conduct in which she engaged, she admitted at her deposition that she knows of no white employees or employees under the age of 40 who engaged in similar conduct and were not discharged. Her only basis for her claims of discrimination is her contention that a lot of white people have not been discharged who have done what Plaintiff believes were worse things than what she did. However, at her deposition she could only identify two non-minority employees, Karen Lind, one of Plaintiff’s fellow account examiners whom Plaintiff claims had a poor absentee record, and Bobbie Walley, an employee in charge of filing, who in 1987 once cursed her team leader. Neither of these two individuals was fired, and Plaintiff believes that they were afforded more lenient treatment because they were white.
Additionally, after Defendant moved for summary judgment, Plaintiff submitted with her Response to the Summary Judgment Motion a hearsay Affidavit, which is dated February 8, 1991, seven months after her deposition, in which she states that she had “been advised by [unidentified] employees of Toledo Hospital” that at some unspecified point in time, two white female employees, Connie Kortgoede and Karen Lind, kept medicare checks and personal checks payable to Toledo Hospital hidden in their desks for two years but the only disciplinary action taken against either woman was that one of them was transferred out of the Billing Department to another department.
Further, although Plaintiff admits having hidden the subject forms as described above, and admits having intentionally misled her supervisor every time he asked her if she had seen them, Plaintiff argues that her hiding the forms from her supervisor does not constitute a misuse of Hospital property — which was the reason given for her discharge. Rather, she contends that because she had hidden the forms under her desk and in her filing cabinet, “[a]t no [581]*581time after December 6, 1988 were the forms any place than in a proper location. [T]he forms after being found did not leave the Hospital Billing Department. The Hospital property was under lock and key for approximately twenty four (24) hours and certainly were not misused.”
IV. THE DISTRICT COURT’S DECISION
Applying the four-part McDonnell Douglas test for a prima facie showing of discrimination, i.e., showing that the plaintiff
(1) was a member of a protected class,
(2) was discharged,
(3) was qualified for the position, and
(4) was replaced by a person outside the class,
the District Court determined that Plaintiff failed to establish a prima facie case of race or age discrimination because “nowhere in the record is it alleged that she was replaced by a person outside the [protected] class.” Further, noting that Plaintiff could also have established a prima facie case by presenting credible, direct evidence of discrimination, the Court observed that Mitchell had not presented any such evidence.
The District Court went on, however, to hold that even assuming arguendo that Mitchell had met all four prongs of the McDonnell Douglas test, the Hospital had articulated a legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason for her discharge — misuse of Hospital property — and Plaintiff failed to establish that the Hospital’s reason was pretextual. In so doing, the Court held that Ms. Mitchell’s hearsay affidavit, regarding what she had been told by unnamed Hospital employees about the two woman who had kept medicare and personal checks in their desk drawers but had either not been disciplined or received lesser discipline, failed to satisfy the requirements of Fed. R.Civ.Pro. 56(e) which requires that affidavits in support of, or in opposition to, a motion for summary judgment be made on personal knowledge, set forth such facts as would be admissible into evidence and show affirmatively that the affiant is competent to testify to the matters stated therein. Therefore, the Court refused to consider the affidavit, and because all that Ms. Mitchell had offered in support of her claims were “mere allegations of discrimination”, it entered summary judgment in favor of the Hospital.
V. DISCUSSION
A. THE STANDARDS GOVERNING REVIEW OF A GRANT OF A MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT
The general standard that an appellate court applies in reviewing the grant or denial of a summary judgment motion is the same standard utilized by the trial court initially: As provided in Fed.R.Civ. Pro. 56(c), summary judgment “shall be rendered forthwith if the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories and admissions of file, together with affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.”
The principles governing consideration of motions for summary judgment were redefined by the United States Supreme Court in a 1986 trilogy of cases: Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); and Matsushita Electrical Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). The Sixth Circuit expressly adopted the Supreme Court trilogy’s “new era” in summary judgment practice in its recent decision in Street v. J.C. Bradford & Co., 886 F.2d 1472 (6th Cir. 1989).
In Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986), the Supreme Court held:
The mere existence of a scintilla of evidence in support of the plaintiff’s position will be insufficient; there must be evidence on which the jury could reasonably find for the plaintiff. The judge’s inquiry, therefore, unavoidably asks whether reasonable jurors could find by [582]*582a preponderance of evidence that the plaintiff is entitled to a verdict____
106 S.Ct. at 2512 (emphasis added). The “mere possibility” of a factual dispute is not enough. Gregg v. Allen-Bradley Co., 801 F.2d 859, 863 (6th Cir.1986). Rather, in order to defeat summary judgment a plaintiff “must come forward with more persuasive evidence to support [his or her] claim than would otherwise be necessary.” Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 1350, 1356, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). Where the defendant demonstrates that after a reasonable period of discovery the plaintiff is unable to produce sufficient evidence beyond the bare allegations of the complaint to support an essential element of his or her case, summary judgment should be granted. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2554, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). See also, Street v. J.C. Bradford & Co., supra, 886 F.2d at 1478-1480.
B. THE DISTRICT COURT CORRECTLY GRANTED SUMMARY JUDGMENT IN FAVOR OF THE DEFENDANT HOSPITAL.
1. The District Court Properly Applied the McDonnell Douglas/Bur-dine Evidentiary Framework to Plaintiffs Claims of Discrimination.
The McDonnell Douglas/Burdine formula is the evidentiary framework applicable not only to claims brought under Title VII, but also to claims under ADEA, Laugesen v. Anaconda Co., 510 F.2d 307 (6th Cir.1975), to claims of discrimination under Ohio state law, In re Brantley, 34 Ohio App.3d 320, 518 N.E.2d 602 (1987), and to claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1981, Patterson v. McLean Credit Union, 491 U.S. 164, 109 S.Ct. 2363, 2378, 105 L.Ed.2d 132 (1989). Therefore, the District Court correctly “lumped together” Plaintiffs Title VII, ADEA, Section 1981 and Ohio state law theories of discrimination and applied the McDonnell Douglas/Burdine evidentiary framework in analyzing the factual and legal merits of Plaintiffs claims.
2. Plaintiff Failed to Establish a Prima Facie Case of Race Or Age Discrimination.
It is well-established that the burden is on an employment discrimination plaintiff to establish a prima facie case of discrimination. McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802, 93 S.Ct. 1817, 1824, 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1972); Texas Department of Community Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 256, 101 S.Ct. 1089, 1095, 67 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981).
As the District Court explained, under McDonnell Douglas and Burdine, Plaintiff can establish a prima facie case of discrimination by showing that (1) she was a member of a protected class; (2) she was discharged; (3) she was qualified for the position; and (4) she was replaced by a person outside the class.4
The District Court held that Plaintiff satisfied the first three McDonnell Douglas/Burdine elements but failed to satisfy the fourth element — i.e., she failed to show that she was replaced by a white or younger person. Therefore, the District Court held that Plaintiff failed to establish a prima facie case of either race or age discrimination.
Although the District Judge found no prima facie case had been established by Plaintiff because of the lack of the fourth “replaced-by-a-‘non-protected’-person” element of the McDonnell Douglas/Burdine criteria, a plaintiff can also make out a prima facie case by showing, in addition to the first three elements, that “a comparable non-protected person was treated better”.
As the Sixth Circuit has frequently phrased the requirements of a prima facie claim of disparate treatment using such a “comparable non-protected person was [583]*583treated better” element as one of the requisites, the plaintiff must produce evidence which at a minimum establishes (1) that he was a member of a protected class and (2) that for the same or similar conduct he was treated differently than similarly-situated non-minority employees. See e.g., Davis v. Monsanto Chemical Co., 858 F.2d 345 (6th Cir.1988), cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1110, 109 S.Ct. 3166, 104 L.Ed.2d 1028 (1989); Long v. Ford Motor Co., 496 F.2d 500 (6th Cir. 1974).
It appears that it is under this formula that Plaintiff here attempted to make out her case. She alleges that one non-minority Hospital employee, Karen Lind, had a poor attendance record. She also alleges that, in 1987, Bobbie Walley, an employee in charge of filing, cursed at her team leader. But neither Lind nor Walley was fired.
According to Plaintiff, these “facts” establish a prima facie case that non-minority employees, guilty of conduct of “comparable seriousness” to the conduct for which she was fired, received more lenient treatment.
However, as the facts of this case demonstrate, Plaintiff’s allegations regarding other employees not being fired for different, but what she subjectively believes to be more serious, misconduct simply does not satisfy that element either.
It is fundamental that to make a comparison of a discrimination plaintiff's treatment to that of non-minority employees, the plaintiff must show that the “comparables” are similarly-situated in all respects. Stotts v. Memphis Fire Department, 858 F.2d 289 (6th Cir.1988). Thus, to be deemed “similarly-situated”, the individuals with whom the plaintiff seeks to compare his/her treatment must have dealt with the same supervisor, have been subject to the same standards and have engaged in the same conduct without such differentiating or mitigating circumstances that would distinguish their conduct or the employer’s treatment of them for it. Mazzella v. RCA Global Communications, Inc., 642 F.Supp. 1531 (S.D.N.Y.1986), aff'd, 814 F.2d 653 (2d Cir.1987); Lanear v. Safeway Grocery, 843 F.2d 298 (8th Cir.1988) (plaintiff must prove that he and the white employee were similarly situated in all respects and that the other employee’s acts were of comparable seriousness to his own); Cox v. Electronic Data Systems Corp., 751 F.Supp. 680 (E.D.Mich.1990).
Plaintiff produced no facts to establish that the two white employees she identified as not having been fired were “similarly situated in all respects”. Moreover, she did not produce sufficient information about Ms. Lind’s alleged absenteeism and Ms. Walley’s insubordination to indicate whether the absenteeism and insubordination were of “comparable seriousness” to the conduct for which Plaintiff was discharged.5
[584]*584It is now quite well-established that, in order to withstand a motion for summary-judgment, the party opposing the motion must present “affirmative evidence” to support his/her position; a mere “scintilla of evidence” is insufficient. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, supra, 106 S.Ct. at 2510, 2514; Street v. J.C. Bradford & Co., supra, 886 F.2d at 1479.
Because Plaintiff failed to produce sufficient affirmative evidence to establish that the non-minority employees with whom she compares her treatment were “similarly situated in all respects”, or that their conduct was of “comparable seriousness” to the conduct for which she was discharged, no claim for discrimination can be based upon a comparison of Plaintiff’s and their treatment.
3. The Hospital Articulated a Legitimate Non-Discriminatory Reason for Plaintiffs Discharge.
The District Court, however, went on to assume arguendo that Plaintiff had established a prima facie case and proceeded with the Burdine burden-shifting framework.6 The Court found that the Hospital articulated a legitimate non-discriminatory reason for Plaintiff’s discharge — misuse of Hospital property. As the District Court noted, the non-discriminatory nature of the Hospital’s decision is bolstered by the Affidavit of Donald Currier, the Vice-President of the Hospital’s Human Resources Department who was a member of the Review Board that voted to discharge Plaintiff for her actions. In his Affidavit, Currier stated that there was no one similar to Plaintiff who was caught misusing Hospital property who was not discharged and that the decision by the Board to terminate Plaintiff was made without any consideration of her race or age.
4. Plaintiff Failed to Establish Pretext.
Because the Hospital articulated a legitimate non-discriminatory reason for Plaintiff’s termination, to withstand summary judgment, Plaintiff had to establish that the proffered reason was pretextual.
As the District Court found, Plaintiff has not met this burden.
All that Plaintiff offers to rebut the Hospital’s articulated non-discriminatory reason is (1) her hearsay Affidavit that she had heard from some unidentified Hospital employees that at some unspecified point in time two white female employees supposedly had kept medicare and personal checks payable to the Hospital in their desks but were not discharged when this was discovered and (2) her denial that her actions on December 6-9, 1988 constituted “misuse of Hospital property”.
First of all, with regard to Plaintiff’s hearsay Affidavit, the District Court correctly found that the Affidavit was not a proper Rule 56(e) affidavit because it was not made on personal knowledge and did not set forth “facts” that would be admissible into evidence. Even if the Court were to consider the Affidavit, the statements [585]*585contained therein are nothing more than rumors, conclusory allegations and subjective beliefs which are wholly insufficient evidence to establish a claim of discrimination as a matter of law. See, O’Shea v. Detroit News, 887 F.2d 683 (6th Cir.1989); Simpson v. Midland-Ross Corp., 823 F.2d 937 (6th Cir.1987); Chappell v. GTE Products Corp., 803 F.2d 261, 268 (6th Cir. 1986), cert. denied, 480 U.S. 919, 107 S.Ct. 1375, 94 L.Ed.2d 690 (1987); Nix v. WLCY Radio/Rahall Communications, 738 F.2d 1181 (11th Cir.1984); Locke v. Commercial Union Insurance Co., 676 F.2d 205 (6th Cir.1982).
With respect to Plaintiff’s contention that her denial that her actions on December 5-9, 1988 constituted a “misuse of hospital property” is sufficient to get to a jury, Plaintiff is mistaken. Courts have repeatedly held that the plaintiff’s denial of the defendant’s articulated legitimate reason without producing substantiation for the denial is insufficient for a race discrimination claim to withstand a motion for summary judgment. Irvin v. Airco Carbide, 837 F.2d 724 (6th Cir.1987); Ridenour v. Lawson Co., 791 F.2d 52 (6th Cir.1986).
Thus, this Court agrees with the District Court — the record in this case reveals no genuine issue of material fact as to whether Plaintiff’s conduct constituted a misuse of hospital property or as to whether Ms. Mitchell told her superiors that the missing forms were locked in her file cabinet.
VI. CONCLUSION
In sum, as the District Court held,
The Hospital’s motion for summary judgment was made and supported as required by Fed.R.Civ.P. 56. Mitchell was required to “set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e). This she has not done. Mere allegations of discrimination are not sufficient. As such, summary judgment must be entered for the Hospital.
This Court finds no error in the District Court’s holding. Therefore, the Judgment entered by the District Court on February 20, 1991 is hereby AFFIRMED.