Sherrill v. Estate of Plumley

514 S.W.2d 286, 1974 Tex. App. LEXIS 2423
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedJune 6, 1974
Docket16329
StatusPublished
Cited by33 cases

This text of 514 S.W.2d 286 (Sherrill v. Estate of Plumley) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sherrill v. Estate of Plumley, 514 S.W.2d 286, 1974 Tex. App. LEXIS 2423 (Tex. Ct. App. 1974).

Opinions

PEDEN, Justice.

This is an appeal from a judgment of the district court finding appellees to be the maternal heirs of Mrs. Alpha Genevieve Meyer and affirming the probate court’s “Order Determining Maternal Heir-ship and Authorizing a Partial Distribution to the Maternal Kindred.”

Mrs. Alpha Genevieve Meyer died intestate (in legal effect) on June IS, 1962, leaving no surviving spouse or children. Her mother, Mrs. Jennie C. Pettus (sometimes spelled Pettis), died in 1950. It was stipulated that appellants were all the heirs of Robert and Mary Plumbley, that appel-lees were all the heirs of Richard and Alice Plumley, that all the parties were properly before the court and that the only issue to be decided by the trial court was whether Richard and Alice Plumley or Robert and Mary Plumbley were the parents of Jennie C. Pettus and the grandparents of Alpha Genevieve Meyer. The jury found that Richard and Alice Plumley were the maternal grandparents of Mrs. Meyer.

Appellants contend that the trial court erred in admitting into evidence a newspaper obituary notice of the death of Robert Plumbley, an “heirship deed” purporting to list the heirs of Richard Plumley, pleadings [290]*290in Jennie C. and Sam Pettus’ divorce and portions of home movies of one of the ap-pellees, Mrs. George C. Plumley.

The obituary notice, labelled exhibit Greene 100, was printed in the Galveston Daily News on March 26, 1915 and stated:

“PLUMBLEY — Robert Plumbley, 77 years old, for forty years a resident of Galveston, died early yesterday morning in San Antonio, according to advices received by relatives here yesterday. Plumbley removed to San Antonio three years ago. He was born in England March 31, 1838, and came to Galveston when he was thirty-five years old. During most of his residence in Galveston Mr. Plumbley engaged in the sand and shell contracting business. He is survived by two daughters, Mrs. M. Ellis and Mrs. James P. Walsh of Galveston, and a son, R. G. Plumbley, of San Antonio. The funeral will be held at the residence of James P. Walsh, 3601 Avenue O, this afternoon at 3:00 o’clock. Rev. R. D. Wilson will conduct the funeral services. Interment will be made in the Lakeview Cemetery.”

Appellees introdúced the notice to show that Jennie C. Pettus was not a child of Robert Plumbley, since her name was not listed as a survivor.

Appellants maintain that the notice was hearsay and not admissible under any of the exceptions to that rule.

The newspaper article is hearsay. Deramus v. Thornton, 160 Tex. 494, 333 S.W.2d 824, 831 (Tex.1960); Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. Ham, 454 S.W.2d 451, 461 (Tex.Civ.App.1970, writ ref. n. r. e.). To be admissible it must come under one of the exceptions to the hearsay rule. Appellees say the newspaper article was admissible under either the business records act (Art. 3737e, Vernon’s Texas Civil Statutes), the ancient documents rule or the pedigree exception.

Article 3737e provides that:

“Section 1. A memorandum or record of an act, event or condition shall, insofar as relevant, be competent evidence of the occurrence of the act or event or the existence of the condition if the judge finds that:
“(b) It was the regular course of that business for an employee or representative of such business with, personal knowledge of such act, event or condition to make such memorandum or record or to transmit information thereof to be included in such memorandum or record.” (emphasis added)

The newspaper article apparently was not written from the personal knowledge of an employee of the newspaper, but upon “advice received by relatives.” The statement of facts shows that the trial judge did not find that the author had personal knowledge of the death of Robert Plum-bley, or of the birth of his children. We hold that the obituary notice was not admissible under Art. 3737e. Skillern & Sons, Inc. v. Rosen, 359 S.W.2d 298 (Tex.1962); North Texas Lumber Co. v. Kasper, 415 S.W.2d 470 (Tex.Civ.App.1967, writ ref. n. r. e.); Cooper Petroleum Co. v. LaGloria Oil & Gas Co., 436 S.W.2d 889 (Tex.1969).

We have found no Texas case holding that a newspaper article is admissible under the ancient documents exception to the hearsay rule.

There appears at § 1376 in the second volume of McCormick & Ray, Texas Law of Evidence 205 (2d ed., 1956), a discussion of whether recitals in ancient documents meet the requirements essential to the existence of a recognized exception to the hearsay rule, which are said to be 1) a necessity for the evidence and 2) a circumstantial guarantee of its trustworthiness. Three guarantees of trustworthiness [291]*291are listed. First is the rule of authentication, which requires that the instrument be more than thirty years old, unsuspicious in appearance and come from a proper custody. Second, the age of the instrument usually guarantees that the recitals were made before the controversy arose. It is the third guarantee of trustworthiness which we find lacking in our case: the requirement that such recitals must be made upon the personal knowledge of the declar-ant.

We are unable to identify the de-clarant in our case. Someone gave the information to the newspaper reporter and it probably was a relative of the deceased, Robert Plumbley, but the record does not show whether either the unnamed reporter or the unnamed source of his information had personal knowledge of the essential fact which appellees sought to establish: that Jennie C. Pettus should not have been listed as a daughter of Robert Plumbley.

Dallas County v. Commercial Union Assurance Co., 286 F.2d 388 (5th Cir. 1961), which appellees rely upon is not in point. In that case a 59 year old newspaper article stating that a fire damaged the county court house was allowed to show that charred timber may not have been caused by recent lightning. The court stated: “We do not characterize this newspaper as a ‘business record’, nor as an ‘ancient document’, nor as any other readily identifiable and happily tagged species of hearsay exception.” It was admitted because the reporter had actual knowledge of the fire and that it was a matter of local concern. Its age gave it trustworthiness.

The mere fact that a document is more than 30 years old does not automatically make it admissible. Slattery v. Adams, 279 S.W.2d 445, 451 (Tex.Civ.App. 1954, affirmed 156 Tex. 433, 295 S.W.2d 859).

Newspaper articles have been held properly admitted in evidence under other exceptions to the hearsay rule. We held in Seaway Co. v.

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Bluebook (online)
514 S.W.2d 286, 1974 Tex. App. LEXIS 2423, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sherrill-v-estate-of-plumley-texapp-1974.