Shankroff v. Advest, Inc.

112 F.R.D. 190, 1986 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 20090
CourtDistrict Court, S.D. New York
DecidedSeptember 22, 1986
DocketNo. 85 Civ. 1178 (SWK)
StatusPublished
Cited by33 cases

This text of 112 F.R.D. 190 (Shankroff v. Advest, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Shankroff v. Advest, Inc., 112 F.R.D. 190, 1986 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 20090 (S.D.N.Y. 1986).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

KRAM, District Judge:

The plaintiff seeks to represent a putative class of investors who wish to recover for alleged securities fraud under Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, 15 U.S.C. §§ 77k and 77l (1982), Section 10 of [192]*192the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 15 U.S.C. § 78j (1982), and Rule 10b-5, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5 (1985), promulgated thereunder. The plaintiff also asserts claims premised on common law fraud and breach of fiduciary duty. The plaintiff now moves for class certification pursuant to Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

• The plaintiff in this action alleges that the defendant, Advest, Inc. (“Advest”), deceived and misled the public in order to sell limited partnership interests in Petro-Lewis Corporation (“Petro-Lewis”), an independent oil and gas producer and manager of petroleum investments for public investors. These limited partnerships, which were formed monthly, were marketed to the public nationwide by various means,, including sale through brokers such as Advest, which received a commission on each partnership interest sold. In February 1984, Petro-Lewis announced that its partnership syndication operation was in serious financial trouble. Thereafter, Petro-Lewis investors filed class action lawsuits in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado against Petro-Lewis to recover for the substantial losses sustained by investors. The court approved a class settlement in those cases for investors in the limited partnerships formed by Petro-Lewis between August 1975 and February 1984.

The plaintiff in this action claims class status for persons “who during the period January 1, 1981 through and including February 6, 1984 ... purchased, reinvested in, or otherwise acquired limited partnership interests in Petro-Lewis Oil Income Programs, Petro-Lewis Oil and Gas Income Programs or the Petro-Lewis Deferred Income Program” through Advest.

A. NUMEROSITY

Plaintiff must demonstrate that each of the four prerequisites set forth in Rule 23(a) has been satisfied and, in addition, that at least one of the factors set forth in Rule 23(b) is present. The first requirement is that the class be so numerous that joinder of all aggrieved individuals would be impracticable. Rule 23(a)(1). This case involves a proposed class of purchasers of interests in thirty-five partnerships. The proposed class numbers over one hundred individuals and may well number into the thousands. The Court therefore finds that the putative class fulfills the numerosity requirement of Rule 23(a)(1). See Korn v. Franchard Corp., 456 F.2d 1206, 1209 (2d Cir.1972) (“Forty investors have been held to represent a suffficiently large group” for class action); Folsom v. Blum, 87 F.R.D. 443, 445 (S.D.N.Y.1980) (class “number[ing] in the hundreds” satisfies the numerosity requirement).

The identity and exact number of prospective class members are ascertainable from defendant’s records. In satisfying Rule 23’s numerosity requirement, “plaintiff’s failure to state the exact number of the class does not militate against the maintenance of a class action”. Somerville v. Major Exploration, Inc., 102 F.R.D. 500, 503 (S.D.N.Y.1984) (citations omitted). See Abrams v. John-Manville Corp., [1981-82 Transfer Binder] Fed.Sec.L.Rep. (CCH) ¶ 98,348 at 92,158 (S.D.N.Y.1981); Dolgow v. Anderson, 43 F.R.D. 472, 492-93 (E.D.N.Y.1968), rev’d on other grounds, 438 F.2d 825 (2d Cir.1970). Furthermore, the purchasers are geographically distributed throughout the United States. This number and distribution of potential class members satisfies the numerosity requirement of Rule 23(a)(1). Deary v. Guardian Loan Co., 534 F.Supp. 1178, 1190 (S.D.N.Y.1982); Hawk Industries, Inc. v. Bausch & Lomb, Inc., 59 F.R.D. 619, 623 (S.D.N.Y.1973).

B. COMMON QUESTIONS OF LAW OR FACT

The second prerequisite of Rule 23(a) is the existence of questions of law or fact common to the class. In addition, in order to certify this litigation as a class action under Rule 23(b)(3), the Court must determine whether common questions of law or fact predominate over questions involving only individual class members. [193]*193Common questions may predominate where there exists a common course of conduct even though there is not a complete identity of facts. Dura-Bilt Corp. v. Chase Manhattan Corp., 89 F.R.D. 87, 93 (S.D.N.Y. 1981).

Advest contends that common questions of law or fact neither exist nor predominate. Advest maintains, first, that there is no common nexus between the different Petro-Lewis partnerships, which are described in a number of different prospectuses; and second, that each potential class member’s claim is distinct because the alleged frauds are based on oral, not written, representations. Thus, Advest argues, the nonuniformity of the representations characterize the issues as highly individual in nature.

Advest’s argument, however, mistakes plaintiff’s claim. The premise of plaintiff’s complaint is that Advest, whose business consists of analyzing investment prospects and providing financial advice to its clients, engaged in a “course of conduct” designed to encourage investment in Petro-Lewis limited partnerships while failing to disclose Petro-Lewis’ deplorable financial condition. Where the facts as alleged show that defendant’s course of conduct concealed material information from an entire putative class, the commonality requirement is met. Green v. Wolf Corp., 406 F.2d 291, 300 (2d Cir.1968), cert. denied, 395 U.S. 977, 89 S.Ct. 2131, 23 L.Ed.2d 766 (1969); In re Baldwin-United Corp. Litigation, M21-35 (CLB), slip op. at 6 (S.D.N.Y. June 27, 1986) [Available on WESTLAW, DCTU database].

Plaintiff does not allege that the prospectuses for the various partnerships were identical — although they were quite similar in content and outlook — or that Advest brokers held no individual conversations with their clients. Rather, the common issue is whether the promotional material and sales advice disseminated by Advest contain identical distortions and omissions, which influenced the putative class members’ investment decisions. See In re Resource Exploration, Inc., MDL-406 (CLB), slip op. at 6-7 (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 17, 1984) [Available on WESTLAW, DCTU database]. Since plaintiff’s allegations focus on overall managerial decisions which affected all Advest clients, questions of oral representations or individual reliance do not overwhelm the issues common to the class. See Affiliated Ute Citizens v. United States, 406 U.S. 128, 153-54, 92 S.Ct. 1456, 1472, 31 L.Ed.2d 741 (1972); Korn v. Franchard, supra, at 1212-13.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
112 F.R.D. 190, 1986 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 20090, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/shankroff-v-advest-inc-nysd-1986.