Security Pacific Finance Corp. v. Bishop

704 P.2d 357, 109 Idaho 25, 1985 Ida. App. LEXIS 690
CourtIdaho Court of Appeals
DecidedJuly 31, 1985
Docket15195
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 704 P.2d 357 (Security Pacific Finance Corp. v. Bishop) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Idaho Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Security Pacific Finance Corp. v. Bishop, 704 P.2d 357, 109 Idaho 25, 1985 Ida. App. LEXIS 690 (Idaho Ct. App. 1985).

Opinions

WALTERS, Chief Judge.

Plaintiff-respondent, Security Pacific Finance Corporation, hereinafter referred to as Security, loaned defendant-appellant, Robert Bishop, approximately $20,000 which was secured by a deed of trust on Bishop’s home. Bishop defaulted on the loan. Non-judicial foreclosure proceedings were commenced under I.C. § 45-1505. The residence was sold at a trustee’s sale. Security was the sole bidder. After the sale, Security-sought possession of the residence, but Bishop refused to vacate the premises. Security filed suit for possession and Bishop answered, alleging the foreclosure proceeding was defective. Bishop also filed a counterclaim, asserting that Security’s loan was usurious. Summary judgment was entered in favor of Security and Bishop’s counterclaim was dismissed with prejudice. Bishop has appealed. We reverse the judgment granting possession of the property to Security but we affirm the dismissal with prejudice of Bishop’s counterclaim.

Bishop raises several issues on appeal. However, because we conclude the trustee’s sale was invalid and the sale must therefore be set aside, we will address only two issues. They are: (1) whether statutory requirements for notice of a sale on foreclosure of a trust deed were complied with in this case; and (2) whether Security’s loan to Bishop was usurious, affecting Security’s right to collect from Bishop.

It is undisputed that the transactions between Bishop and Security occurred as follows. Security loaned Bishop $20,000 bn January 3, 1980. The loan was secured by four automobiles owned by business entities with which Bishop was associated. Payment of the loan was to occur on or before July 3, 1980. The agreement stated the loan was governed by I.C. §§ 28-31-101 through 28-39-103 — the former Idaho Consumer Credit Code.1 The rate of interest charged on Bishop’s loan was eighteen percent. The terms of the loan agreement were not satisfied. One payment of $2,892.31 was made, representing five percent of the principal balance and the interest accrued on the initial loan. On November 11, 1980, Bishop and Security entered into a second loan agreement for $20,-327.95 to pay off the first loan. In the meantime, the vehicles which secured the first loan had-been sold with the business which owned them and were no longer available as collateral. Therefore, Bishop gave Security a- deed of trust on his residence in Blackfoot, Idaho. This deed of trust was subordinate to two other deeds of trust already against the same property. The second loan from Security came due on May 11,1981. Once again the loan was not repaid except for the amount of $2,419.02, representing payment of accrued interest. A third loan was entered into on July 17, 1981, to discharge the second loan. The amount borrowed was $20,559.60 and was subject to a twenty-one percent interest charge. This loan called for 120 monthly payments of $411.05 each. Again the deed of trust on Bishop’s property was used as security for the loan. One payment of $1,233.15 was made — the August through [27]*27October, 1981, payments. No additional payments were forthcoming. On March 17, 1982, Security initiated foreclosure proceedings pursuant to I.C. §§ 45-1505, -1506. At the trustee’s sale on August 5, 1982, Security was the sole bidder and purchased the property for the sum of $37,-342.83, representing the principal and accrued interest owed on the promissory note, the amount owed to the beneficiaries of the two deeds of trust having priority over Security’s deed of trust, and the expenses of foreclosure.

As noted, when Bishop refused to relinquish possession of the property after the trustee’s sale, Security filed suit. The district court ordered that Security was entitled to possession. This appeal followed.

I

We turn first to whether the notice requirements upon foreclosure of the deed of trust were satisfied. Our Supreme Court has held that the terms of the trust deed foreclosure statutes must be strictly complied with, in order to satisfy the due process requirements of notice and opportunity to be heard. Roos v. Belcher, 79 Idaho 473, 479, 321 P.2d 210, 213 (1958). I.C. § 45-1506(4) details the contents of the notice of sale which must be given, “to inform the recipient, so that he may be advised and act thereon for the protection of his interest.” Id. at 478, 321 P.2d at 212. The notice must include:

(a) the names of the grantor, trustee and beneficiary in the trust deed;
(b) a description of the property covered by the trust deed;
(c) the book and page of the mortgage records or the recorder’s instrument number where the trust deed is recorded;
(d) the default for which the foreclosure is made;
(e) the sum owing on the obligation secured by the trust deed; and
(f) the date, time and place of sale.

In Roos, the Supreme Court summarized the statutory provisions for supplying the foregoing notice, as follows:

[I.C. § 45-1505] requires the recording of the trust deed and any assignment thereof as well as any change in the office of trustee; the filing for record by the trustee of notice of default; and that a copy of such notice be given by registered or certified mail to any person requesting such notice of record. Section [45-1506] requires that notice of trustee’s sale be given following notice of default, at least 120 days before the day fixed for the sale; that such notice be given by registered or certified mail to the last known address of the grantor and to any person requesting notice of record; likewise, to any successor in interest of the grantor where his interest appears of record or where the trustee or beneficiary has actual notice thereof, or where the successor in interest is in possession of the property; to any lessee or other person in possession; also to any person having a lien or interest subsequent to the interest of the trustee, where such lien or interest appears of record, or where the trustee or beneficiary has actual notice thereof.
... [I.C. § 45-1506] further provides for personal service of the notice upon occupants of the property and for posting thereof upon the property if it is unoccupied; also, that the notice shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in each of the counties in which the property is situated, once a week, for four successive weeks, the last publication to be 30 days prior to the date of sale; and affidavits of mailing, of posting, and of publication of notice of sale, are required to be recorded at least 20 days prior to the date of sale. Subsection (12) of [section 45-1506] provides that the grantor, or any successor in interest, or any person having a subordinate lien or encumbrance of record, at any time within 115 days of the recording of the notice of default, may pay the obligation secured by the trust deed, or such part thereof as is in default, and thus redeem the property or cure the default, as the case may be.

79 Idaho at 478, 321 P.2d at 212.

In this case, it is undisputed that notice by certified or registered mail was not de[28]*28livered to Bishop. The notice was placed in the mail but it was returned to the sender, unclaimed. Nor did Bishop receive notice by personal service.

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Security Pacific Finance Corp. v. Bishop
704 P.2d 357 (Idaho Court of Appeals, 1985)

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Bluebook (online)
704 P.2d 357, 109 Idaho 25, 1985 Ida. App. LEXIS 690, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/security-pacific-finance-corp-v-bishop-idahoctapp-1985.