Russell v. Board of Ed. of City of Chicago

883 N.E.2d 9
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedMarch 3, 2008
Docket1-06-1134
StatusPublished

This text of 883 N.E.2d 9 (Russell v. Board of Ed. of City of Chicago) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Russell v. Board of Ed. of City of Chicago, 883 N.E.2d 9 (Ill. Ct. App. 2008).

Opinion

883 N.E.2d 9 (2007)

Lucille RUSSELL, Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE CITY OF CHICAGO, Michael W. Scott, Norman R. Bobins, Tariq H. Butt, Alberto A. Carrero, Jr., Clare M. Munana, Roxanne Ward, Rufus Williams, Ante Duncan, Chief Executive Officer, Robert Perkovich, and Illinois State Board of Education, Defendants-Appellees.

No. 1-06-1134.

Appellate Court of Illinois, First District, First Division.

July 30, 2007.
Rehearing Denied February 20, 2008.
As Modified Upon Denial of Rehearing March 3, 2008.

*11 The Law Offices of Christopher Kruger(Christopher Kruger, of Counsel), Evanston, IL, for Appellant.

Patrick J. Rocks, General Counsel, Board of Education of the City of Chicago (Lee Ann Lowder, of counsel), Chicago, IL, for Appellees.

MODIFIED OPINION UPON DENIAL OF PETITION FOR REHEARING

Justice ROBERT E. GORDON delivered the opinion of the court:

Plaintiff Lucille Russell was discharged from her employment as a tenured teacher in the Chicago Public Schools system following an administrative hearing under section 34-85 of the School Code (105 ILCS 5/34-85 (West 2006)). A hearing officer found Russell engaged in conduct that was irremediable and upheld the defendant Board of Education of the City of Chicago's (Board) decision to terminate Russell's employment without prior written warning. The Board adopted the findings of fact and conclusions of law of the hearing officer and terminated Russell. Plaintiff filed a complaint in the circuit court of Cook County to review the decision of the Board. The circuit court affirmed the decision of the Board. We reverse.

BACKGROUND

Russell was a tenured special education teacher at the Curtis School, an elementary school on Chicago's south side. She had been teaching for approximately 22 years at the time of her discharge and had spent 20 years at the Curtis school.

Russell had been suspended from her teaching duties on numerous occasions. In 1992, the Board suspended Russell for unprofessional conduct and insubordination. She was again suspended in 1995 for, inter alia, failure to follow the directives of her superiors and disruptive conduct during class periods. The Board suspended Russell three times during the 1999 calendar year for various acts of insubordination and for failure to conform her conduct to the Chicago Public Schools Employee Discipline Code.

Russell repeatedly appealed her suspensions, claiming that the bases for these administrative actions were either unfounded or motivated by malice. The hearing officers in Russell's appeals upheld the decisions of the Board to suspend Russell. The hearing officers claimed that Russell's behavior warranted a suspension on each occasion. In 1999, the Board formally adopted a warning resolution (Warning) describing in detail 15 deficiencies in Russell's performance and recommending four directives for improvement. This Warning cautioned that failure to comply with the listed directives for improvement would result in Russell's termination for cause. The Board discharged Russell in 2000 for failure to conform to the demands of the Warning.

Russell requested a hearing to review the validity of the Board's actions shortly after she was terminated. An evidentiary *12 hearing was held and the hearing officer, in his written decision, stated:

"In my opinion the Target in this case, Ms[.] Russell, questioned various new policies or actions, she did not receive answers, if she didn't comply post haste with the Principal's demands she was slapped with insubordination charges. I belief [sic] she was baited, overwhelmed with disciplinary memos, [and] kept under suffocating surveillance to the detriment of her psychological as well as physical well being."

The hearing officer then ordered the Board to reinstate Russell and expunge all disciplinary memoranda from her file dating back to 1992. The Board did not appeal this ruling and expunged Russell's record by resolution.

The friction between Russell and the Board continued after her reinstatement. Russell perceived that other teachers physically and verbally accosted her, and she called the police to the school on several occasions to demand that they investigate the incidents and arrest her colleagues. The hearing officer found that Russell left her class unsupervised on at least one occasion. In one instance, Russell complained that another teacher had kicked her and asked her students if they had witnessed the event. Russell then requested that the students who claimed to have witnessed the incident write down what they saw, and she shared those accounts publicly.

As a result of this conduct, the Board ordered Russell to undergo a fitness for duty (FFD) evaluation with a psychologist. Section 4-54 of the rules of the Board of Education permits the Board to require an employee to undergo a physical or mental evaluation if, in the opinion of the chief executive officer, that employee is unfit to perform her job. Failure to report for this examination is grounds for dismissal. Russell reported for her scheduled examination, and a clinical psychologist found her fit to return to work so long as she followed up with the psychologist and his recommendations within 30 days.

Russell called the examining psychologist within the 30-day period to follow up. The doctor, per a telephone interview, found that Russell could return to work without accommodations. In his discharge instructions, the psychologist referred Russell to her family physician for a medical evaluation.[1] Unsatisfied with this recommendation, Wendy Haas, an occupational nurse practitioner employed by the Board, directed Russell to undergo a second FFD evaluation. The Board does not now contend that it had grounds to request a second FFD examination independent of its initial concerns. Haas reasoned that the examining psychologist had erred in his recommendation that Russell return to work, and she did not agree with the fact that he followed up with Russell over the telephone. Russell, having complied with her obligation to undergo one FFD examination, refused to submit to further tests.

The Board then initiated termination proceedings against Russell. The Board cited Russell's insubordination in refusing to report for a second FFD examination and her repeated disciplinary record dating back to 1992 as grounds for the hearing officer to find that her conduct was irremediable. While the Board referenced *13 the 1999 Warning, the Board issued no new warning prior to initiating these proceedings. A new hearing officer concluded (1) that Russell's conduct "did in fact imperil the students and staff at Curtis Elementary"; and (2) based on Russell's 1992 and 1995 disciplinary record and her actions subsequent to her first dismissal, that a warning would not have changed her conduct. As a result, the hearing officer found that Russell's conduct was irremediable and did not require a warning prior to termination.

The Board, by resolution, adopted the hearing officer's findings of fact and conclusions of law on March 23, 2005. The Board notified Russell of its final decision to terminate her employment in a letter dated March 25, 2005. While the Board attached a blank certificate of mailing to its final decision, this certificate was not completed to show the date of mailing.

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Russell v. Board of Education
883 N.E.2d 9 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 2007)

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Bluebook (online)
883 N.E.2d 9, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/russell-v-board-of-ed-of-city-of-chicago-illappct-2008.