Robledo v. Executive Director of CDOC

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
• Decided: May 15, 2026
• Docket: 25-1151
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

Appellate Case: 25-1151 Document: 21-1 Date Filed: 05/15/2026 Page: 1 FILED United States Court of Appeals UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS Tenth Circuit

FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT May 15, 2026 _________________________________ Christopher M. Wolpert Clerk of Court C.S. ROBLEDO,

Petitioner - Appellant,

v. No. 25-1151 (D.C. No. 1:24-CV-02430-LTB-RTG) EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF CDOC; (D. Colo.) THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE STATE OF COLORADO,

Respondents - Appellees. _________________________________

ORDER DENYING CERTIFICATE OF APPEALABILITY * _________________________________

Before BACHARACH, KELLY, and EID, Circuit Judges. _________________________________

C.S. Robledo, proceeding pro se, 1 seeks a certificate of appealability (“COA”) to

appeal from the district court’s denial of Robledo’s 28 U.S.C. § 2254 habeas application.

We deny a COA and dismiss this matter.

A Colorado jury convicted Robledo of stalking, harassment, and violating a

protection order. The Colorado Court of Appeals affirmed the convictions, and the

Colorado Supreme Court denied certiorari review. Robledo then filed a § 2254 habeas

* This order is not binding precedent except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.

We construe Robledo’s filings liberally. See Hall v. Bellmon, 935 F.2d 1106, 1

1110 (10th Cir. 1991). Appellate Case: 25-1151 Document: 21-1 Date Filed: 05/15/2026 Page: 2

application in federal court, claiming that (1) the stalking conviction violated the First

Amendment; (2) trial counsel provided ineffective assistance by opening the door to

evidence of Robledo’s criminal history; (3) the trial court improperly admitted

criminal-history evidence; and (4) the prosecution violated the Fifth Amendment’s

Double Jeopardy Clause by introducing evidence from a previous trial. 2 The district

court denied claims two, three, and four as untimely. The court denied claims one and

four as unexhausted and procedurally barred. 3

Robledo cannot appeal without first obtaining a COA. See 28 U.S.C.

§ 2253(c)(1)(A). To do so, Robledo must make “a substantial showing of the denial of a

constitutional right.” § 2253(c)(2). When, as here, the district court denies a habeas

application on procedural grounds, the prisoner must show that reasonable jurists could

debate whether the application states a valid constitutional claim and whether the district

court’s procedural ruling was correct. Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000). We

need only consider the procedural ruling. See id. at 485.

In the combined COA application and opening brief, Robledo makes no argument

addressing the district court’s dismissal of the habeas application on procedural grounds.

Robledo has therefore waived any argument that we should grant a COA. See Davis v.

McCollum, 798 F.3d 1317, 1320 (10th Cir. 2015) (concluding COA applicant’s failure to

2 In claims two and three, Robledo also alleged that trial and appellate counsel were ineffective for failing to challenge the Colorado stalking statute’s constitutionality. 3 The court also denied as unexhausted and procedurally barred the parts of claims two and three alleging ineffective assistance based on the failure to challenge the stalking statute’s constitutionality. 2 Appellate Case: 25-1151 Document: 21-1 Date Filed: 05/15/2026 Page: 3

challenge district court’s procedural ruling in the opening brief waived the issue). Still,

having reviewed the district court’s rulings in light of the record and the applicable law,

we conclude that reasonable jurists would not debate the correctness of the district court’s

procedural ruling.

We grant Robledo’s motion to proceed without prepaying costs or fees. We deny

the application for a COA and dismiss this matter.

Entered for the Court

Paul J. Kelly, Jr. Circuit Judge