Robert Lavezzi v. State of N.J. (072856)

97 A.3d 681, 219 N.J. 163, 2014 N.J. LEXIS 888
CourtSupreme Court of New Jersey
DecidedSeptember 9, 2014
DocketA-29-13
StatusPublished
Cited by241 cases

This text of 97 A.3d 681 (Robert Lavezzi v. State of N.J. (072856)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of New Jersey primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Robert Lavezzi v. State of N.J. (072856), 97 A.3d 681, 219 N.J. 163, 2014 N.J. LEXIS 888 (N.J. 2014).

Opinion

*166 Justice PATTERSON

delivered the opinion of the Court.

In this case, the Court determines whether the State is obligated to defend and indemnify employees of a county prosecutor’s office involved in a civil action arising from the loss of, and damage to, non-contraband items seized in the course of a criminal investigation.

The items at the center of this ease were the property of plaintiffs Robert and Karen Lavezzi. They were seized from plaintiffs’ home after the Essex County Prosecutor’s Office (Prosecutor’s Office) executed a search warrant issued in connection with an investigation of plaintiff Robert Lavezzi. That investigation was eventually abandoned. The State did not institute either criminal charges or a civil-forfeiture action against either plaintiff.

Plaintiffs claim that, while their property was in the custody of the Prosecutor’s Office, some of it was damaged and some was lost entirely. They filed a complaint in the Law Division, alleging that the Prosecutor’s Office and three of its employees were liable to them on theories of negligence, conversion, and unlawful taking. Essex County (County) requested that the Attorney General’s Office (Attorney General) defend and indemnify defendants, pursuant to this Court’s decision in Wright v. State, 169 N.J. 422, 778 A.2d 443 (2001). The Attorney General denied the County’s request for defense and indemnification, and the Appellate Division affirmed the Attorney General’s determination.

Based on the sparse record before the Court, which does not reveal the purpose of the investigation, the date upon which the investigation was terminated, or the manner in which the seized items were allegedly damaged and/or lost, we reverse the Appellate Division’s determination. We apply the governing standard stated by this Court in Wright, under which the employees of a county prosecutor’s office are entitled to defense and indemnification when they are “sued on the basis of actions taken in the discharge of their law enforcement duties.” Id. at 456, 778 A.2d 443. The articles disputed in this case were seized in the course of a criminal investigation, part of the State’s “criminal business” *167 for which the State and county prosecutors are responsible pursuant to N.J.S.A. 2A:158-4. The limited record before the Court indicates that this case arises from the employees’ performance of law enforcement duties, rather than administrative functions that are the exclusive responsibility of the County.

Accordingly, we hold that at this early stage of the litigation, the State shall defend and indemnify the employees of the Prosecutor’s Office named as defendants. The State’s defense and indemnification of the Prosecutor’s Office employees shall be subject to a reservation: if it is revealed at a later stage of this case that plaintiffs’ property was stored in a facility controlled by the County and that the loss or damage to plaintiffs’ property resulted from that facility’s condition or maintenance, the State may seek reimbursement of all or part of the costs incurred in its defense and indemnification of the Prosecutor’s Office employees.

I.

The record in this case, consisting of the complaint filed by plaintiffs and the parties’ briefs, reveals the following factual background.

On or about December 29, 2005, the Prosecutor’s Office executed a warrant authorizing a search of plaintiffs’ home in connection with a criminal investigation of plaintiff Robert Lavezzi. The details of this investigation are not disclosed in the record. Plaintiffs allege that the Prosecutor’s Office seized numerous items, including “collectible and model trains, train parts and other personal possessions and items belonging to [plaintiffs.” They claim that these items were transported to facilities “owned and/or under the exercise and control of’ the State, the County, former County Prosecutor Paula Dow, the Prosecutor’s Office and two investigators employed by the Prosecutor’s Office, Patrick Todd and James Contreras.

On a date that is not specified in the record, but is alleged by plaintiffs to have been on or before April 14, 2009, the Prosecutor’s Office elected not to prosecute plaintiff Robert Lavezzi. *168 There is no indication in the record that a civil forfeiture action under N.J.S.A. 2C:64-1 to -9 was ever instituted with respect to the disputed property.

Plaintiffs allege that although the Prosecutor’s Office stated that the items seized during the December 29, 2005 search would be restored to them, their repeated requests for their property were ignored, and the items were not returned. According to plaintiffs, the Prosecutor’s Office met with plaintiff Robert Lavezzi on or about October 9, 2009, and January 5, 2010, and returned “some of the items and personal property” that had been seized during the search of the home. Plaintiffs assert, however, that “[a] substantial number of personal possessions and items ... including but not limited to collectibles and model trains ... were not returned.” Plaintiffs also contend that many of the items were “damaged or crushed” and that some items sustained water damage to either the item itself or to its packaging. According to plaintiffs, the water damage occurred as a result of defendants storing them in facilities “subject to leaks or ... located in a flood zone,” including a storage space provided by the County to the Prosecutor’s Office.

Plaintiffs filed a complaint in the Law Division, naming as defendants the Prosecutor’s Office, former County Prosecutor Dow, Investigators Todd and Contreras, and unidentified “John Doe” defendants. In their complaint, plaintiffs sought compensatory and punitive damages and attorneys’ fees based on theories of negligence, gross negligence, conversion, and unlawful taking. The complaint was served upon defendants with a summons.

By letter dated November 15, 2011, the County forwarded a copy of the summons and complaint to the Attorney General. Citing Wright, the County requested “that the Attorney General’s Office represent[ ] the Essex County Prosecutor’s Office and any and all individual defendants/employees named” in the complaint. Acting Essex County Prosecutor Carolyn Murray and defendants Todd and Contreras separately wrote to the Attorney General, requesting “representation and indemnification on behalf of the *169 Essex County Prosecutor’s Office” pursuant to N.J.S.A. 59:10-1, N.J.S.A 59:10A-1, and Wright. Each stated that plaintiffs’ action had been filed against him or her in his or her “capacity as a law enforcement official in the Essex County Prosecutor’s Office.”

While defendants’ requests for defense and indemnification by the State were pending, the County filed a motion to dismiss the complaint. The trial court dismissed the complaint with prejudice. However, the trial court subsequently granted plaintiffs’ motion for reconsideration, modifying its order so that the motion to dismiss was denied without prejudice.

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Bluebook (online)
97 A.3d 681, 219 N.J. 163, 2014 N.J. LEXIS 888, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/robert-lavezzi-v-state-of-nj-072856-nj-2014.