Portland Professional Fire Fighters Ass'n v. City of Portland
Opinion
STATE OF MAINE SUPERIOR COURT CUMBERLAND, ss CIVIL ACTION
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PORTLAND PROFESSIONAUdtRJli. I D A FIGHTERS ASSOCIATION, LOCAL 740, et a~: Db Petitioner ORDER ON MOTION FOR TEMPORARY
v. RESTRAINING ORDER
CITY OF PORTLAND, Respondent
Before the Court is Petitioner's motion for a temporary restraining order pursuant to M.R. Civ. P. 65(a).
BACKGROUND
Employment relations between the City of Portland ("Respondent" or "City")
and the Portland Professional Fire Fighters Association, Local 740, International Association of Fire Fighters, AFL-CIO, CLC ("Petitioner" or "Local 740") are governed by a Collective Bargaining Agreement ("CBA").1 Article 12 of the CBA contains provisions and procedure governing personnel reductions. The relevant provision states:
Reductions in work force shall be made on the basis of seniority, unless the layoff of a specially trained junior member of the Department would result in a reduction of the level of services provided by the Fireboat, Air Rescue, or Emergency Medical Services (defined herein as employees holding an intermediate or higher Maine ALS license)....
Ex. A, Art. 12.1. The CBA also contains a grievance procedure that governs "the interpretation of application by the City of any provision of this Agreement. .. ," including the arbitration of unresolved disputes. Id. Art. 19.1.
I The parties submitted a stipulation regarding the authenticity of the Collective Bargaining Agreement and the Seniority list and emergency medical certification list. Exs. A & B.
By letter dated May 29, 2009, the City of Portland Fire Department informed nine (9) senior fire fighters 2 who did not have Fireboat or Air Rescue certifications, or Emergency Medical Services ("EMS") intermediate or higher licensure, that they were subject to layoff pursuant to Article 12 of the parties' C BA. The letters state that these individuals would be laid off as of June 30, 2009? On July 3,2009, Local 740 filed a grievance on behalf of the nine individuals affected by this layoff. On July 6, 2009, Local 740 filed a verified petition seeking a temporary restraining order, appeal, preliminary restraining order, and other relief. 4 On July 7, 2009, the City filed an opposition to the verified petition. On July 9, 2009, the Court held oral argument on the motion for a temporary restraining order ("TRO"). The TRO would require the City to recall the nine (9) fire fighters pending resolution of the matter at arbitration.
DISCUSSION
I. Jurisdiction The City argues that the grievance procedure, which includes arbitration provides the exclusive forum for the Petitioners to seek relief. In other words, since the parties agreed to submit any disputes regarding the interpretation of the CBA to arbitration, this Court is without authority to grant, or even consider a TRO petition. To hold otherwise, argues the City, would allow parties to circumvent their contractual obligations to arbitrate employment disputes. Although the Law Court has not addressed this specific issue, the issue has been addressed frequently and nearly by
2 The individual fire fighters are: Travis Gibson, Adam Royer, Adam Bean, Dale Dyer, Elizabeth Morrisey, Leonard Tracy III, Peter Morrison, Ralph Munroe, and Daniel Hassler. 3 At oral argument, held on July 9, 2009, counsel disagreed as to the exact date of layoff. Counsel for the City submitted that the fire fighters were officially laid off as of July 4,2009. Counsel for the Petitioner submitted that the nine (9) individuals were permitted to complete their shifts during the first week of July. Thus, the individuals did not experience layoff until after the completion of their shifts between July 6,2009 and July 9, 2009. 4 At a scheduling conference held on July 7, 2009, the Court afforded the Petitioner the opportunity to re-file the verified complaint to correct deficiencies regarding the verification. See M.R. Civ. P. 65(a). Petitioner did so on July 9, 2009.
consensus by the federal courts.s As summarized by an authority on issues in employment arbitration:
Even in a matter that is subject to arbitration, a party to the dispute may obtain temporary injunctive relief (including a temporary restraining order and a preliminary injunction) in court. The party seeking the temporary injunction normally must show that the traditional prerequisites for temporary injunctive relief have been satisfied. The matter then proceeds to arbitration, where the final hearing on any request for permanent injunctive relief and damages is held by the arbitrator or arbitrators appointed pursuant to the arbitration agreement.
1-9 O'Meara, Employment Arbitration § 9.02[1]; See also id. § 9.02[2]' n. 50 (citing cases).
, The Court is persuaded that the Law Court, if faced with this issue, would follow the line of logic developed by the federal courts. See Saga Communications of New England, Inc. v. Voornas, 2000 ME 156, 'TI 9,756 A.2d 954, 958 (discussing other jurisdictions' interpretations of "no waiver" provisions in collective bargaining agreements with respect to "provisional application[s] to the courts in order to preserve the status quo."). Arbitration, even arbitration on an expedited basis, cannot afford the immediate relief that can be granted by a court of general jurisdiction. Such relief may be necessary to maintain the status quo of the parties to ensure that the arbitration procedure is not a "hollow formality." Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith v. Bradley, 756 F.2d 1048, 1052-54 (4th Cir. 1985). For these reasons, the Court holds that it has jurisdiction to consider Petitioner's motion for a TRO.
5 The parties agree that the arbitration provision in the CBA is enforceable and that an arbitrator must ultimately decide this matter. In fact, the parties agreed to an "expedited" arbitration, whereby the parties waived the various steps in the grievance procedure and will proceed directly to an arbitrator.
II. Standard of Review In order to succeed on a motion for a temporary restraining order, the moving party has the burden of demonstrating the following: "(1) that plaintiff will suffer irreparable injury if the injunction is not granted, (2) that such injury outweighs any harm which granting the injunctive relief would inflict on the defendant, (3) that plaintiff has exhibited a likelihood of success on the merits (at most, a probability; at least, a substantial possibility), (4) that the public interest will not be adversely affected by granting the injunction." Ingraham v. University ofMaine, 441 A.2d 691, 693 (Me. 1982); see also Bangor Historic Track, Inc. v. Dep't of Agric., Food & Rural Res., 2003 ME 140, <JI 9,837 A.2d 129,132. These four criteria, however, "are not to be applied woodenly or in isolation from each other; rather, the court of equity should weigh all of these factors together in determining whether injunctive relief is proper." Dep't ofEnvtl. Prot. v. Emerson, 563 A.2d 762, 768 (Me. 1989). The Court may only grant a TRO if it "clearly appears from specific facts shown by affidavit or by the verified complaint that immediate and irreparable injury, loss, or damage will result to the applicant." Bangor Historic Track, 2003 ME 140, <JI 10, 837 A.2d at 133. (citing M.R. Civ. P. 65(a».
A. Irreparable Harm The Petitioners contend that the irreparable harm in this case flows from deprivations of both procedural and substantive due process rights. Petitioners contend that procedural due process mandates that they receive "notice to be heard and a presentation of evidence against each individual." Pets.' Verified CompI. <JI 14. Next, Petitioners contend that they have a "constitutionally protected property interest in their employment as they may only be removed from employment for just cause." Id. <JI 15. Finally, Petitioners argue that the
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