Pierrot v. Osceola Mental Health, Inc.

106 So. 3d 491, 2013 Fla. App. LEXIS 464, 2013 WL 132463
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedJanuary 11, 2013
DocketNo. 5D11-2513
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 106 So. 3d 491 (Pierrot v. Osceola Mental Health, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Pierrot v. Osceola Mental Health, Inc., 106 So. 3d 491, 2013 Fla. App. LEXIS 464, 2013 WL 132463 (Fla. Ct. App. 2013).

Opinion

PALMER, J.

In this wrongful death action, Jean Pierrot appeals the trial court’s order dismissing with prejudice the count of his complaint against Osceola Mental Health, Inc., d/b/a Park Place Behavioral Health Care (Park Place).1 Determining that the court erred in dismissing the claim for failure to comply with Florida’s medical malpractice presuit requirements, we reverse.

A trial court’s ruling on a motion to dismiss based on a question of law is reviewed de novo. Execu-Tech Bus. Sys., Inc. v. New Oji Paper Co., 752 So.2d 582, 584 (Fla.2000).

Pierrot’s complaint alleged the following facts. Farrah Krystle Jean, a 25-year-old pregnant woman, went to a hospital in the afternoon with complaints of pain. That evening, the hospital “Baker Acted”2 Jean and transferred her involuntarily to Park Place. When she arrived, Jean was in distress, complaining of severe abdominal pain and other symptoms. Over the next two days, Park Place employees committed various acts and omissions that resulted in Jean’s death. The complaint alleged a wrongful death claim for violations of Jean’s rights as a patient under the Baker Act,3 and stated that Pierrot was not seeking damages under Florida’s Medical Malpractice Act.4

Park Place moved to dismiss Pierrot’s wrongful death claim, arguing that the claim was one for medical malpractice and that Pierrot had failed to comply with the presuit requirements of the Medical Malpractice Act. These requirements include investigation by the parties and notice to the prospective defendant. See §§ 766.104, .106, .203, Fla. Stat. (2010). [493]*493The trial court dismissed Pierrot’s claim with prejudice, ruling that the gravamen of the claim was that Park Place failed to properly respond to Jean’s physical symptoms of severe abdominal pain, and therefore, the claim was inescapably one for medical negligence. Further, the court ruled that Pierrot could not avoid the pre-suit requirements of the Medical Malpractice Act by pleading the claim under the Baker Act.

On appeal, Pierrot argues that a plaintiff claiming only violations of a mental health patient’s rights under the Baker Act is not required to comply with the medical malpractice presuit requirements. Additionally, Pierrot contends that the presuit requirements do not apply to his claim because Park Place was not a health care provider. We agree with both arguments.

The presuit requirements of Florida’s Medical Malpractice Act restrict plaintiffs’ constitutional right of access to courts, so the requirements’ applicability must be construed narrowly in favor of access. See Integrated Health Care Servs., Inc. v. Lang-Redway, 840 So.2d 974, 980 (Fla.2002); Weinstock v. Groth, 629 So.2d 835, 838 (Fla.1993). For the requirements to apply, the claim must be for medical malpractice. See J.B. v. Sacred Heart Hosp. of Pensacola, 635 So.2d 945, 948-49 (Fla.1994); Joseph v. Univ. Behavioral LLC, 71 So.3d 913, 917 (Fla. 5th DCA 2011); Blom v. Adventist Health Sys./Sunbelt, Inc., 911 So.2d 211, 213-14 (Fla. 5th DCA 2005). Also, the defendant must be a health care provider. See Weinstock, 629 So.2d 835; Sova Drugs, Inc. v. Barnes, 661 So.2d 393 (Fla. 5th DCA 1995). Neither of these elements was present here.

First, Pierrot’s claim was not for medical malpractice. The primary test for whether a claim is one for medical malpractice is whether the claim relies on the application of the medical malpractice standard of care. See Weinstock, 629 So.2d at 838; Joseph, 71 So.3d at 917; GalenCare, Inc. v. Mosley, 59 So.3d 138, 141-43 (Fla. 2d DCA 2011). Thus, when a claim relies on a different standard provided by another statute, the claim is not one for medical malpractice for purposes of the presuit requirements. See Integrated Health Care Servs., Inc. v. Lang-Redway (Integrated I), 783 So.2d 1108 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001), approved, 840 So.2d 974 (Integrated II) (Fla.2002).

In Integrated I, the plaintiff sued a nursing home, alleging a claim for violation of nursing home residents’ rights under section 400.022, Florida Statutes. The complaint alleged that the decedent suffered from pressure sores while residing at the nursing home. He ultimately had his left leg and right big toe amputated. The relevant portion of section 400.022 gave residents

[t]he right to receive adequate and appropriate health care and protective and support services, including social services; mental health services, if available; planned recreational activities; and therapeutic and rehabilitative services consistent with the resident care plan, with established and recognized practice standards within the community, and with rules as adopted by the agency.

§ 400.022(1)(Z), Fla. Stat. (1997). The nursing home moved to dismiss the complaint, arguing that the plaintiff was required to comply with the medical malpractice presuit requirements. The Second District disagreed, holding:

[A] plaintiff who chooses to allege only a statutory claim under section 400.022 ... is not required to comply with the presuit requirements of section [494]*494766.106.... Although there may be some overlap between the [section 400.022(1)(£) ] statutory right to “receive adequate and appropriate health care” and the common law claim for medical negligence, we conclude that the presuit requirements of chapter 766 must be narrowly construed to apply only to common law medical negligence claims and not to the separate statutory rights created by chapter 400.

Id. at 1109. The court explained:

Florida’s policies favoring access to courts ... weigh against interpreting the presuit conditions in chapter 766 to regulate statutory rights not mentioned in chapter 766. Nothing in section 766.106 compels this court to read that statute in an expansive manner to include claims filed under section 400.022(l)(i).

Id. at 1111. The Florida Supreme Court approved the Second District’s decision, agreeing that the presuit requirements did not apply because the claim did not rely on the medical malpractice standard of care. Integrated II, 840 So.2d at 980-81.5

Similarly, the Baker Act provides several statutory standards of care applicable to specific patient rights. See § 394.459, Fla. Stat. (2008). Pierrot’s claim against Park Place relies exclusively on these standards. Although there may be some overlap between the medical aspects of Baker Act patients’ rights and a cause of action for medical malpractice, the presuit requirements must be construed narrowly to apply only to malpractice claims, not to separate statutory claims.

Second, the trial court erred in dismissing Pierrot’s claim because Park Place was not a health care provider. A defendant is a “health care provider” for purposes of the presuit requirements only if the defendant is included within the applicable definitions of that term within the Medical Malpractice Act. See Weinstock v. Groth, 629 So.2d 835 (Fla.1993). Because the Act contains several definitions of health care provider, the definition that applies depends on which section of the Act is at issue. See Sova Drugs, Inc. v. Barnes, 661 So.2d 393, 395 (Fla. 5th DCA 1995).

The presuit requirements are set forth in sections 766.104, .106, and .203.

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106 So. 3d 491, 2013 Fla. App. LEXIS 464, 2013 WL 132463, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/pierrot-v-osceola-mental-health-inc-fladistctapp-2013.