Pickett v. Stine Lumber Co.

640 So. 2d 769, 93 La.App. 3 Cir. 1534, 1994 La. App. LEXIS 1634, 1994 WL 234306
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJune 1, 1994
Docket93-1534
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 640 So. 2d 769 (Pickett v. Stine Lumber Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Pickett v. Stine Lumber Co., 640 So. 2d 769, 93 La.App. 3 Cir. 1534, 1994 La. App. LEXIS 1634, 1994 WL 234306 (La. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinion

640 So.2d 769 (1994)

George Paul PICKETT, Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
STINE LUMBER COMPANY, Defendant-Appellee.

No. 93-1534.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

June 1, 1994.

*770 Thomas Allen Filo, Lake Charles, for George Paul Pickett.

Skipper Maurice Drost, Sulphur, for Stine Lumber Co.

Before DOUCET, LABORDE, JJ., and BERTRAND,[1] J. Pro Tem.

LABORDE, Judge.

In this workers compensation proceeding, a worker appeals the hearing officer's conclusion that injuries he sustained on the job May 25, 1992, two years after he was hired, did not arise in the course and scope of his employment.

We affirm in part, vacate in part, and remand. Claimant is entitled to the medical testing requested by the medical experts testifying for both parties. See Bailey v. Smelser Oil & Gas, Inc., 620 So.2d 277 (La.1993) and Johnson v. Ins. Co. of N. America, 454 So.2d 1113, 1119 (La.1984).

FACTS

Plaintiff-employee, a heavy manual laborer, claims to have been injured in the course and scope of his employment when the forklift he was driving hit a pothole, causing persistent debilitating pains. Shortly after his accident, when those pains did not subside, claimant was seen by several general practitioners of medicine, each of whom prescribed a conservative course of treatment and reduction to light duty.

No relief forthcoming, claimant scheduled an appointment with another doctor, Dr. Moore. While he waited for that appointment to come up, claimant's employer recommended that he see another physician, Dr. Bonilla. According to claimant, he and the company doctor did not get along so well. He believed Dr. Bonilla's August 25, 1992, medical discharge resulted from their bad relations.[2] Dr. Bonilla's discharge forms the basis of defendant's refusal to pay workers compensation benefits. Dr. Bonilla provided no medical report to elucidate his findings. He only filled out a return to work slip.

Claimant kept the appointment previously scheduled with Dr. Moore. The first time Dr. Moore saw claimant was October 15, 1992. Dr. Moore prescribed a battery of tests to diagnose the cause of claimant's continuing pains. When these tests ruled out disc troubles, Dr. Moore became suspicious that claimant's continuing complaints of pain were the result of thoracic outlet syndrome. By November 13, 1992, if not before, Dr. Moore noted that claimant was totally disabled from working and would be for an indeterminate period of time. (Apparently, Dr. Moore's findings were passed along to defendant's trial counsel and delayed in their retransmission to defendant's adjuster.) To explore this possibility, Dr. Moore referred claimant to Dr. Kober, a thoracic surgeon. Dr. Kober saw claimant June 28, 1993, and performed additional tests, which he believed corroborated Dr. Moore's diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome from what he described as mostly objective symptoms. He concluded that claimant was totally disabled.

After becoming aware that Drs. Moore and Kober examined claimant,[3] defendant's adjuster *771 referred claimant to Dr. Seale, also a thoracic surgeon, for an independent medical examination. Unlike Drs. Moore and Kober, Dr. Seale thought claimant suffered from carpal tunnel syndrome, a disease he believed could not be attributed to the forklift accident. Dr. Seale could not be completely certain of his conclusion. His medical report offered in lieu of testimony specifically stated that a nerve conduction study "would be very useful in determining the absence or presence of a carpal tunnel."

Dr. Kober could not rule out carpal tunnel syndrome in addition to thoracic outlet syndrome.

FORFEITURE

The employee admits to having falsely stated in his job application to never having previously sustained an on-the-job injury. Claimant candidly admits that he did so because his previous admissions of such injuries had ruined his earlier efforts to find a job.

The hearing officer properly concluded that Plaintiff's failure to admit his previous injuries does not bar his recovery of compensation benefits due to the form of the job application provided him by his employer. LSA-R.S. 23:1208.1 provides as follows:

§ 1208.1. Employer's inquiry into employee's previous injury claims; forfeiture of benefits
Nothing in this Title shall prohibit an employer from inquiring about previous injuries, disabilities, or other medical conditions and the employee shall answer truthfully; failure to answer truthfully shall result in the employee's forfeiture of benefits under this Chapter, provided said failure to answer directly relates to the medical condition for which a claim for benefits is made or affects the employer's ability to receive reimbursement from the second injury fund. This Section shall not be enforceable unless the written form on which the inquiries about previous medical conditions are made contains a notice advising the employee that his failure to answer truthfully may result in his forfeiture of worker's compensation benefits under R.S. 23:1208.1. Such notice shall be prominently displayed in bold faced block lettering of no less than ten point type.
Added by Acts 1988, No. 938, § 2, eff. Jan. 1, 1989. Amended by Acts 1989, No. 454, § 5, eff. Jan. 1, 1990.

The tension wrought between the first and second sentences of LSA-R.S. 23:1208.1 is reflective of society's need to balance the employer's desire to avoid nonproduction attributable costs against the worker's need to exchange for the practical necessities of life the only commodities he has to offer in a competitive labor market, his time and labor. See generally, Malone & Johnson, Workers' Compensation, 13 Louisiana Civil Law Treatise, Sections 32 and 232 n. 1 (and text accompanying) (West 1993).

Consistent with "the tenet that the worker's compensation laws are to be liberally construed," Peveto v. WHC Contractors, et al., 93-C-1402 (La. 1/14/94), at 3, 630 So.2d 689, 691, the provision is strictly construed against the employer, who is presumed to be in a better position to prevent workplace accidents through its hiring and firing decisions than is the worker, who seldom has the luxury of opting out of the workplace.

While LSA-R.S. 23:1208.1 is designed to insulate the employer from costs arising from worker's ailments which are completely foreign to their production of goods or services, it does so only when those costs are clearly not attributable to the worker's occupation and the employer avails itself of the provision's safe harbor provisions. Williams v. Holly Hill Nursing Home, 93-557 (La.App. *772 3d Cir.1994), 640 So.2d 383. Cf. Carter v. Our Lady of Lake Regional Medical Center, 612 So.2d 805 (La.App. 1st Cir.1992).

Because defendant conceded that it did not comport to the minimum notice requirements set forth in LSA-R.S. 23:1208.1, the hearing officer correctly concluded that claimant's omissions in his job application were not determinative. The case had to be decided on the merits.

MERITS

Three things are certain. First, defendant terminated claimant's benefits solely on the basis of Dr. Bonilla's discharge slip. Second, claimant's treating physicians were more familiar with claimant's condition and concluded that claimant was disabled from thoracic outlet syndrome. Third, Dr. Seale's conclusion that claimant's injury was not job-related rested in part on incomplete diagnostic testing.

Temporary Total Disability

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Bluebook (online)
640 So. 2d 769, 93 La.App. 3 Cir. 1534, 1994 La. App. LEXIS 1634, 1994 WL 234306, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/pickett-v-stine-lumber-co-lactapp-1994.