People v. Tridente CA4/2

California Court of Appeal·Decided July 11, 2023·No. E079254·Unpublished

Opinion

Filed 7/11/23 P. v. Tridente CA4/2

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.

IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT DIVISION TWO

THE PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, E079254 v. (Super.Ct.No. FVI19002457) LUIGI TRIDENTE, OPINION Defendant and Appellant.

APPEAL from the Superior Court of San Bernardino County. Kawika Smith, Judge. Reversed with directions.

Matthew C. Tymann, by appointment of the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and Appellant.

Rob Bonta, Attorney General, Lance E. Winters, Chief Assistant Attorney General, Charles C. Ragland, Assistant Attorney General, Steve Oetting and Eric A. Swenson, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.

I. INTRODUCTION

In 2019, defendant and appellant Luigi Tridente pleaded no contest to attempted forcible rape (Pen. Code, §§ 664, subd. (a), 261, subd. (a)(2))1 and admitted that he suffered a prior conviction qualifying as a strike offense (§ 667, subd. (b), (d)(2), (e)(1), 1170.12, subds. (b)(2), (c)(1)) in exchange for three years probation. In June 2022, the trial court found that defendant violated the terms of his probation based upon conduct that occurred in January and May of 2022, revoked defendant’s probation, executed a previously suspended sentence, and ordered defendant committed to the state prison for eight years.

Defendant appeals from the order revoking his probation and executing the previously suspended sentence, arguing that the trial court lacked jurisdiction to revoke probation. According to defendant, Assembly Bill No. 1950 (2019-2020 Reg. Sess.; Stats. 2020, ch. 328, § 2) (Assembly Bill 1950) retroactively applies to his case to reduce his term of probation to two years and, as a result, the trial court was not authorized to revoke his probation after he had already served the maximum term permitted by law. The People concede that Assembly Bill 1950 applies retroactively to defendant’s case. However, the People contend that reversal is not required because this case falls within a statutory exception to the two-year limitation set forth in the statute. Alternatively, the People contend that even if no statutory exception applies, the proper remedy is to remand the matter for resentencing, at which time the parties may withdraw or

1 Undesignated statutory references are to the Penal Code.

renegotiate their plea because (1) the original order granting probation was itself unauthorized, and (2) renegotiation of the plea would conform to our Supreme Court’s holding in People v. Stamps (2020) 9 Cal.5th 685 (Stamps).

We agree with the parties that Assembly Bill 1950 applies retroactively to this case. We further agree with defendant that the retroactive application of Assembly Bill 1950 operates to reduce defendant’s term of probation to two years because no statutory exception applies and, as a result, the trial court’s order revoking probation was in excess of its jurisdiction. With respect to the People’s requested disposition, we conclude that we are without appellate jurisdiction to review any claims of error with respect to the original order granting probation and also conclude that the remedy provided in Stamps is not available under the specific circumstances of this case. Accordingly, we reverse the judgment with directions to (1) vacate the order revoking probation and executing the previously suspended sentence, and (2) enter new orders modifying defendant’s term of probation to two years and terminating his probation.

II. FACTS & PROCEDURAL HISTORY Defendant was charged with attempted forcible rape (count 1; §§ 664, subd. (a), 261, subd. (a)(2)) and attempting to dissuade a witness (count 2; § 136.1, subd. (a)(2)), arising out of an incident that occurred in September 2019. The information also alleged that defendant had suffered a prior conviction qualifying as a strike offense. (§§ 667, subds. (b), (d)(2), (e)(1), 1170.12, subds. (b)(2), (c)(1)).

In November 2019, defendant entered into a negotiated plea agreement with the People in which he agreed to plead no contest to count 1 and admit as true the allegation

that he had suffered a prior conviction qualifying as a strike offense. Pursuant to the plea agreement, the trial court dismissed count 2; sentenced defendant to an eight-year prison term on count 1; and suspended execution of the sentence pending completion of three years of formal probation. Defendant’s probationary term began on November 22, 2019.

On January 1, 2021, Assembly Bill 1950 became effective. (Stats. 2020, ch. 328, § 2.) As relevant here, Assembly Bill 1950 added section 1203.1 to the Penal Code, providing that the maximum term of probation for most felony offenses would be limited to two years. (§ 1203.1, subd. (a).)

On May 9, 2022, the probation department filed a petition to revoke defendant’s probation, alleging that defendant engaged in conduct in violation of the terms of his probation in January and May 2022. On June 22, the trial court held a contested violation of probation hearing, found that defendant had violated the terms of his probation, revoked defendant’s probation, and imposed his eight-year prison sentence. Defendant appeals from the order revoking his probation and executing the previously suspended sentence.

III. DISCUSSION

A. Issues Presented and Standard of Review On appeal, defendant claims that the retroactive application of section 1203.1, subdivision (a), to his case renders the trial court’s order revoking probation an order in excess of its jurisdiction. The People counter that (1) the order granting probation was itself unauthorized; (2) defendant’s case falls within a statutory exception to the two-year limitation on probation terms; (3) defendant should be estopped from disputing the

existence of a statutory exception to the limitation on probation terms; and (4) even in the event reversal of the order revoking probation is necessary, the appropriate remedy is to remand for resentencing with instructions to permit the People to withdraw from and renegotiate any plea.

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