7 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 8 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 9 10 JOHN W. WILLIAMS, Case No. 1:21-cv-00155-ADA-EPG (PC) 11 Plaintiff, FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 12 TO DENY PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR v. INJUNCTIVE RELIEF AND ORDER 13 DENYING REQUEST FOR JUDICIAL BEER, et al., 14 NOTICE Defendants. 15 (ECF No. 75)
16 OBJECTIONS, IF ANY, DUE WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS 17
18 19 Plaintiff John Williams is a state prisoner proceeding pro se in this civil action pursuant to 20 42 U.S.C. § 1983. The Court recommends that Plaintiff’s motion for injunctive relief (ECF No. 21 75) be denied because the case is stayed and because Plaintiff’s motion appears to have no 22 relationship to the claims or the parties in this case. 23 I. BACKGROUND 24 In this action, Defendants Oaks, Pascoe, and Riddle, Beer, and Garcia are Correctional 25 Officers, and Defendant Cubos is a Registered Nurse who recorded Plaintiff’s injuries. (ECF Nos. 26 1, 10, 13). This action is proceeding based on Plaintiff’s allegations that on August 5, 2019, 27 Defendant Oaks stabbed him in the buttocks with a metal pencil-like handcuff key, repeatedly kicked him, and pepper sprayed him, while Defendant Pascoe stood outside the van’s side door 28 1 and watched as Plaintiff was repeatedly kicked by Defendant Oaks on several occasions. (ECF 2 Nos. 1, 10, 13, 25). Plaintiff also alleges that, after he was subjected to the excessive use of force, 3 he suffered from bleeding buttocks, pain to groin, pain to lower torso, pain to face, pain to legs, 4 burning of skin, burning of eyes, and burning lungs, and that while Defendants Oaks, Pascoe, Riddle, Beer, Garcia, and Cubos where aware of some, if not all, of his injuries, none of them 5 provided or summoned medical care for those injuries. (Id.) After screening, Plaintiff elected to 6 proceed on his Eighth Amendment excessive force claim against Defendant Oaks; his Eighth 7 Amendment failure to protect claim against Defendant Pascoe; his Eighth Amendment sexual 8 assault claim against defendant Oaks; and his Eighth Amendment claim for deliberate 9 indifference to his serious medical needs against defendants Oaks, Pascoe, Riddle, Beer, Garcia, 10 and Cubos. (Id.) 11 On April 5, 2022, the presiding District Judge granted Defendants’ motion to stay this 12 action pending the resolution of the related state criminal proceedings. (ECF No. 53). The Court 13 recently ordered that the stay in this case continue (ECF No. 71) and while the Plaintiff seeks 14 reconsideration of that order (ECF No. 76), at this time the stay remains in effect. 15 II. SUMMARY OF THE PLAINTIFF’S MOTION 16 Before the Court is Plaintiff’s motion titled “Notice of Motion and Request for Judicial 17 Notice and for Order for Adequate Treatment.” (ECF No. 75). In the motion, Plaintiff asks that 18 the Court takes judicial notice of “forensic psychological report by Dr. B. Mathews in support of 19 Plaintiff’s mental health diversion” in his criminal case, mental health assessment conducted in 20 Rules Violations Report (RVR), RVR log, and June 1, 2023 Order Adopting as Modified the 21 Report and Recommendation of United States Magistrate Judge in Williams v. Black, No. CV 20- 22 4300 (C.D. Ca). (Id. at 1–3). Plaintiff attached these documents as exhibits to his motion. (Id. at 23 8–42.) Plaintiff then asked the Court “for an order for adequate mental health treatment as a direct result of post tramatic [sic] stress syndrome (PTSD) diagnosis and symptoms imposed by 24 Defendant Oak’s [sic], Pascoe, and Beer wanton acts outlined in Plaintiff’s operative complaint 25 which include years of malicious criminal prosecution in the Kings County Superior Court the 26 same.” (Id. at 3). 27 28 1 III. LEGAL STANDARDS 2 A federal district court may issue emergency injunctive relief only if it has personal 3 jurisdiction over the parties and subject matter jurisdiction over the lawsuit. See Murphy Bros., 4 Inc. v. Michetti Pipe Stringing, Inc., 526 U.S. 344, 350 (1999) (noting that one “becomes a party officially, and is required to take action in that capacity, only upon service of summons or other 5 authority-asserting measure stating the time within which the party served must appear to 6 defend.”). Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65(d)(2)(A)–(C), an injunction binds only “the 7 parties to the action,” their “officers, agents, servants, employees, and attorneys,” and “other 8 persons who are in active concert or participation.” The Court may not attempt to determine the 9 rights of persons not before it. Hitchman Coal & Coke Co. v. Mitchell, 245 U.S. 229, 234–35 10 (1916); Zepeda v. INS, 753 F.2d 719, 727–28 (9th Cir. 1983). “When a plaintiff seeks injunctive 11 relief based on claims not pled in the complaint, the court does not have the authority to issue an 12 injunction.” Pac. Radiation Oncology, LLC v. Queen’s Med. Ctr., 810 F.3d 631, 633 (9th Cir. 13 2015). Requests for prospective relief are further limited by 18 U.S.C. § 3626(a)(1)(A) of the 14 Prison Litigation Reform Act, which requires that the Court find that the “relief [sought] is 15 narrowly drawn, extends no further than necessary to correct the violation of the Federal Right, 16 and is the least intrusive means necessary to correct the violation of the Federal Right.” 17 On the merits, “[a] plaintiff seeking a preliminary injunction must establish that he is 18 likely to succeed on the merits, that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of 19 preliminary relief, that the balance of equities tips in his favor, and that an injunction is in the 20 public interest.” Glossip v. Gross, 135 S. Ct. 2726, 2736–37 (2015) (quoting Winter v. Natural 21 Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 20 (2008)). “Under Winter, plaintiffs must establish that 22 irreparable harm is likely, not just possible, in order to obtain a preliminary injunction.” Alliance 23 for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127, 1131 (9th Cir. 2011). IV. ANALYSIS. 24 The Court will recommend that Plaintiff’s motion for injunctive relief (ECF No. 75) be 25 denied. 26 First, this case is currently stayed. 27 28 1 Second, Plaintiff seeks injunctive relief based on claims not pled in the Complaint, so the 2 Court lacks authority to issue the injunction. Pac. Radiation Oncology, 810 F.3d at 633. This case 3 is proceeding on Plaintiff’s claims for excessive force in violation of the Eighth Amendment 4 against Defendant Oaks; his Eighth Amendment failure to protect claim against Defendant Pascoe; his Eighth Amendment sexual assault claim against defendant Oaks; and his Eighth 5 Amendment claim for deliberate indifference to his serious medical needs against defendants 6 Oaks, Pascoe, Riddle, Beer, Garcia, and Cubos. (ECF Nos. 1, 10, 13, 25). Plaintiff’s deliberate 7 indifference claim is based on his allegations that Defendants were aware of physical injuries 8 resulting from the assault but did not provide or request that medical treatment be provided to the 9 Plaintiff. (ECF Nos. 1, 10, 13, 25).
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7 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 8 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 9 10 JOHN W. WILLIAMS, Case No. 1:21-cv-00155-ADA-EPG (PC) 11 Plaintiff, FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 12 TO DENY PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR v. INJUNCTIVE RELIEF AND ORDER 13 DENYING REQUEST FOR JUDICIAL BEER, et al., 14 NOTICE Defendants. 15 (ECF No. 75)
16 OBJECTIONS, IF ANY, DUE WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS 17
18 19 Plaintiff John Williams is a state prisoner proceeding pro se in this civil action pursuant to 20 42 U.S.C. § 1983. The Court recommends that Plaintiff’s motion for injunctive relief (ECF No. 21 75) be denied because the case is stayed and because Plaintiff’s motion appears to have no 22 relationship to the claims or the parties in this case. 23 I. BACKGROUND 24 In this action, Defendants Oaks, Pascoe, and Riddle, Beer, and Garcia are Correctional 25 Officers, and Defendant Cubos is a Registered Nurse who recorded Plaintiff’s injuries. (ECF Nos. 26 1, 10, 13). This action is proceeding based on Plaintiff’s allegations that on August 5, 2019, 27 Defendant Oaks stabbed him in the buttocks with a metal pencil-like handcuff key, repeatedly kicked him, and pepper sprayed him, while Defendant Pascoe stood outside the van’s side door 28 1 and watched as Plaintiff was repeatedly kicked by Defendant Oaks on several occasions. (ECF 2 Nos. 1, 10, 13, 25). Plaintiff also alleges that, after he was subjected to the excessive use of force, 3 he suffered from bleeding buttocks, pain to groin, pain to lower torso, pain to face, pain to legs, 4 burning of skin, burning of eyes, and burning lungs, and that while Defendants Oaks, Pascoe, Riddle, Beer, Garcia, and Cubos where aware of some, if not all, of his injuries, none of them 5 provided or summoned medical care for those injuries. (Id.) After screening, Plaintiff elected to 6 proceed on his Eighth Amendment excessive force claim against Defendant Oaks; his Eighth 7 Amendment failure to protect claim against Defendant Pascoe; his Eighth Amendment sexual 8 assault claim against defendant Oaks; and his Eighth Amendment claim for deliberate 9 indifference to his serious medical needs against defendants Oaks, Pascoe, Riddle, Beer, Garcia, 10 and Cubos. (Id.) 11 On April 5, 2022, the presiding District Judge granted Defendants’ motion to stay this 12 action pending the resolution of the related state criminal proceedings. (ECF No. 53). The Court 13 recently ordered that the stay in this case continue (ECF No. 71) and while the Plaintiff seeks 14 reconsideration of that order (ECF No. 76), at this time the stay remains in effect. 15 II. SUMMARY OF THE PLAINTIFF’S MOTION 16 Before the Court is Plaintiff’s motion titled “Notice of Motion and Request for Judicial 17 Notice and for Order for Adequate Treatment.” (ECF No. 75). In the motion, Plaintiff asks that 18 the Court takes judicial notice of “forensic psychological report by Dr. B. Mathews in support of 19 Plaintiff’s mental health diversion” in his criminal case, mental health assessment conducted in 20 Rules Violations Report (RVR), RVR log, and June 1, 2023 Order Adopting as Modified the 21 Report and Recommendation of United States Magistrate Judge in Williams v. Black, No. CV 20- 22 4300 (C.D. Ca). (Id. at 1–3). Plaintiff attached these documents as exhibits to his motion. (Id. at 23 8–42.) Plaintiff then asked the Court “for an order for adequate mental health treatment as a direct result of post tramatic [sic] stress syndrome (PTSD) diagnosis and symptoms imposed by 24 Defendant Oak’s [sic], Pascoe, and Beer wanton acts outlined in Plaintiff’s operative complaint 25 which include years of malicious criminal prosecution in the Kings County Superior Court the 26 same.” (Id. at 3). 27 28 1 III. LEGAL STANDARDS 2 A federal district court may issue emergency injunctive relief only if it has personal 3 jurisdiction over the parties and subject matter jurisdiction over the lawsuit. See Murphy Bros., 4 Inc. v. Michetti Pipe Stringing, Inc., 526 U.S. 344, 350 (1999) (noting that one “becomes a party officially, and is required to take action in that capacity, only upon service of summons or other 5 authority-asserting measure stating the time within which the party served must appear to 6 defend.”). Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65(d)(2)(A)–(C), an injunction binds only “the 7 parties to the action,” their “officers, agents, servants, employees, and attorneys,” and “other 8 persons who are in active concert or participation.” The Court may not attempt to determine the 9 rights of persons not before it. Hitchman Coal & Coke Co. v. Mitchell, 245 U.S. 229, 234–35 10 (1916); Zepeda v. INS, 753 F.2d 719, 727–28 (9th Cir. 1983). “When a plaintiff seeks injunctive 11 relief based on claims not pled in the complaint, the court does not have the authority to issue an 12 injunction.” Pac. Radiation Oncology, LLC v. Queen’s Med. Ctr., 810 F.3d 631, 633 (9th Cir. 13 2015). Requests for prospective relief are further limited by 18 U.S.C. § 3626(a)(1)(A) of the 14 Prison Litigation Reform Act, which requires that the Court find that the “relief [sought] is 15 narrowly drawn, extends no further than necessary to correct the violation of the Federal Right, 16 and is the least intrusive means necessary to correct the violation of the Federal Right.” 17 On the merits, “[a] plaintiff seeking a preliminary injunction must establish that he is 18 likely to succeed on the merits, that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of 19 preliminary relief, that the balance of equities tips in his favor, and that an injunction is in the 20 public interest.” Glossip v. Gross, 135 S. Ct. 2726, 2736–37 (2015) (quoting Winter v. Natural 21 Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 20 (2008)). “Under Winter, plaintiffs must establish that 22 irreparable harm is likely, not just possible, in order to obtain a preliminary injunction.” Alliance 23 for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127, 1131 (9th Cir. 2011). IV. ANALYSIS. 24 The Court will recommend that Plaintiff’s motion for injunctive relief (ECF No. 75) be 25 denied. 26 First, this case is currently stayed. 27 28 1 Second, Plaintiff seeks injunctive relief based on claims not pled in the Complaint, so the 2 Court lacks authority to issue the injunction. Pac. Radiation Oncology, 810 F.3d at 633. This case 3 is proceeding on Plaintiff’s claims for excessive force in violation of the Eighth Amendment 4 against Defendant Oaks; his Eighth Amendment failure to protect claim against Defendant Pascoe; his Eighth Amendment sexual assault claim against defendant Oaks; and his Eighth 5 Amendment claim for deliberate indifference to his serious medical needs against defendants 6 Oaks, Pascoe, Riddle, Beer, Garcia, and Cubos. (ECF Nos. 1, 10, 13, 25). Plaintiff’s deliberate 7 indifference claim is based on his allegations that Defendants were aware of physical injuries 8 resulting from the assault but did not provide or request that medical treatment be provided to the 9 Plaintiff. (ECF Nos. 1, 10, 13, 25). Plaintiff’s Complaint does not allege that named Defendants 10 in this case failed to provide him with mental health treatment. 11 Third, it is not clear whom Plaintiff is seeking injunctive relief against. Plaintiff argues 12 that “California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) don’t/won’t allow 13 treatment for PTSD.” (ECF No. 75, at 6–7). CDCR is not a Defendant in this action. It would be 14 improper to direct an injunction to individuals who are not parties to this action. Orange Cnty. v. 15 Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp., 52 F.3d 821, 825–26 (9th Cir. 1995); Zepeda, 753 F.2d at 16 727–28. In this case, the Court lacks jurisdiction over CDCR because the pendency of the present 17 action does not automatically give the Court jurisdiction over all prison officials in general. 18 Aubert v. Madruga, No. 1:13-CV-01659-AWI-EPG, 2016 WL 2866419, at *8 (E.D. Cal. May 17, 19 2016), report and recommendation adopted, 2016 WL 4494478 (E.D. Cal. Aug. 25, 2016). And 20 there is nothing that suggests that Defendants who are actually named in this action would be able 21 to provide Plaintiff with mental health treatment, since four out of five Defendants are 22 correctional officers and the fifth is a registered nurse. 23 Finally, the relief Plaintiff seeks would not correct the violation of the alleged federal right upon which the action proceeds. Obtaining mental health treatment will not correct excessive 24 force violations or deliberate indifference to his physical injuries. Thus, the requested relief is not 25 sufficiently tailored to correct the violation of Plaintiff's Federal right. 18 U.S.C. § 3626(a)(1). 26 27 28 1 V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 2 For these reasons, the Court recommends that the Plaintiff's motion for injunctive relief, 3 | ECF No. 75, be denied. The Court also denies Plaintiff's request to take judicial notice as moot 4 | because these documents are not needed for the resolution of this motion. 5 These findings and recommendations will be submitted to the United States district judge 6 assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of Title 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). Within fourteen 7 (14) days after being served with these findings and recommendations, Plaintiff may file written 8 objections with the Court. The document should be captioned “Objections to Magistrate Judge’s 9 Findings and Recommendations.” Plaintiff is advised that failure to file objections within the specified time may result in the waiver of rights on appeal. Wilkerson v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 838-39 (9th Cir. 2014) (citing Baxter v. Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1391, 1394 (9th Cir. 1991)).
12 | IT IS SOORDERED. pated: November 28, 2023 [Je hey 14 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28