Order Rescinding and Replacing Rules 14.1 Through 14.5 and Forms G-01 Through G-04, and Amending Rules 1.5, 5.10 Through 5.12 and Index to Appendix of PA Orphans' Court Rules

CourtSupreme Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedJune 1, 2018
Docket770 Supreme Court Rules
StatusPublished

This text of Order Rescinding and Replacing Rules 14.1 Through 14.5 and Forms G-01 Through G-04, and Amending Rules 1.5, 5.10 Through 5.12 and Index to Appendix of PA Orphans' Court Rules (Order Rescinding and Replacing Rules 14.1 Through 14.5 and Forms G-01 Through G-04, and Amending Rules 1.5, 5.10 Through 5.12 and Index to Appendix of PA Orphans' Court Rules) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Order Rescinding and Replacing Rules 14.1 Through 14.5 and Forms G-01 Through G-04, and Amending Rules 1.5, 5.10 Through 5.12 and Index to Appendix of PA Orphans' Court Rules, (Pa. 2018).

Opinion

Orphans’ Court Procedural Rules Committee Report

Amendment of Pa. O.C. Rules 1.5 & 5.10-5.12; Rescission of Pa. O.C. Rules 14.1- 14.5 and Orphans’ Court Forms G-01 through G-04; Adoption of New Pa. O.C. Rules 14.1-14.14 and Orphans’ Court Forms G-01 through G-07; and Amendment of the Index to the Appendix

On June 1, 2018, the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania adopted a comprehensive rewrite of the Pennsylvania Orphans’ Court Rules related to guardianship proceedings pursuant to Title 20, Chapters 55 and 59. The rules were previously published for comment at 47 Pa.B. 5930 (September 23, 2017); 47 Pa.B. 4815 (August 19, 2017); and 46 Pa.B. 7934 (December 17, 2016).

Contained within this Report is the Orphans’ Court Procedural Rules Committee’s commentary related to the new rules. Please note that the Court does not adopt the Committee’s commentary.

Rule 1.5 Local Rules

Through amendment of Rule 1.5 and operation of Order, No. 771 Supreme Court Rules Docket (June 1, 2018), all previously promulgated local rules concerning guardianship proceedings are vacated, effective June 1, 2019. For a local guardianship rule of procedure to be effective on June 1, 2019, it must be deemed necessary by the judicial district in light of the new statewide rules and be submitted to the Orphans’ Court Procedural Rules Committee no later than December 1, 2018. This deadline is calculated to afford the Committee sufficient time to review the local rules, respond to the judicial district, and permit publication in the Pennsylvania Bulletin pursuant to Pa.R.J.A. No. 103(d). Submissions after December 1, 2018 will be accepted; however, the Committee may not be able to give late submissions sufficient priority to clear the review process before June 1, 2019. The effective date of the new local rules and new Chapter IV rules should coincide, i.e., June 1, 2019.

Rules 5.10-5.12 Transactions Related to Real Property

Cross-references to Rule 14.10 were added to the Notes when the transaction involves the real property of an incapacitated person. Rule 14.1 Guardianship Petition Practice and Pleading

A number of comments inquired as to the extent that the requirements in Chapter III of the Pennsylvania Orphans’ Court Rules concerning petition practice and pleading requirements would apply to guardianship proceedings. Rule 14.1 was crafted to place different requirements on petitions for the adjudication of incapacity and appointment of a guardian on one hand and all other petitions on the other hand. Paragraph (a) incorporated by reference and applied specific aspects of Chapter III to petitions for adjudication and appointment. Paragraph (b) provided for the filing of responsive pleadings in these proceedings, but does so on a limited basis and subject to a shorter time frame than Chapter III. While the Committee did not believe that such pleadings were going to be used frequently, a procedural mechanism should exist for contested guardianship proceedings.

It should be noted that responsive pleadings under paragraph (b) are permissive and not required – there are no “default judgments” with respect to the adjudication of incapacity. Further, the paragraph was not intended to preclude the judge from hearing objections first raised at the adjudicatory hearing. Finally, the judge was to decide the objections at the adjudicatory hearing rather than delaying that hearing with another to determine objections.

For all other petitions, paragraph (c) operates to apply the Chapter III requirements to those pleadings, subject to the modification of “interested party.” The Committee recognizes that Chapter III imposes more formal requirements on what were often informal proceedings. However, the provisions of Chapter III were designed to afford due process to all involved, and the Committee believes that petition practice in guardianship matters required no less protection. As observed in the Explanatory Comment, the requirements were not intended to preclude a petitioner from seeking relief on an emergency or expedited basis when circumstances warrant departure from strict adherence to the Chapter III requirements.

Paragraph (d) was intended to provide a procedure for a person to seek permission to intervene in a proceeding. This mechanism was crafted as recognition that those entitled to service pursuant to Rule 14.2(f) may not include all potentially aggrieved parties, e.g., business partner, fiancé, best friend.

Rule 14.2 Petition for Adjudication of Incapacity and Appointment of a Guardian of the Person or Estate of an Incapacitated Person

The required content of a petition set forth in the rule was intended to include those requisites set forth in 20 Pa.C.S. § 5511(c) as well as information to assist the court in determining capacity, the need for a guardian, the appointment of a guardian for

2 the estate and/or the person, and the scope of a guardianship, as the case may be. An additional requirement was the identification of any person or persons who are to receive notice of the filing of reports.

Concerning persons who should be identified in and served with the petition, the Committee studied the interplay of Chapters 54, 55, 56, and 58 of Title 20. When a person has nominated a guardian in an instrument or there is a surrogate decision maker, it opens a number of residual issues. First, if a principal nominates a guardian pursuant to a power of attorney, a health care power of attorney, an advance health care directive (which is a combination of a living will and a health care power of attorney), a mental health care declaration, or mental health power of attorney, then the court must appoint that person as guardian except for good cause or disqualification. See 20 Pa.C.S. § 5604(c)(2) (power of attorney); 20 Pa.C.S. § 5460(b) (health care power of attorney); 20 Pa.C.S. § 5422 (defining “advance health care directive”); 20 Pa.C.S. § 5823 (mental health declaration); 20 Pa.C.S. § 5841(c) (mental health power of attorney); see also Pa. O.C. Rule 14.6(b). Moreover, the court must determine the extent to which an agent’s authority to act remains in effect under a power of attorney or a health care power of attorney. See 20 Pa.C.S. § 5604(c)(3); 20 Pa.C.S. § 5460(a); see also Pa. O.C. Rule 14.7(a)(1)(ii). Notably, if a principal who has executed a mental health power of attorney is later adjudicated an incapacitated person, the mental health power of attorney shall remain in effect. 20 Pa.C.S. § 5841(b)(1).

Second, in addition to the above-agents, there may be surrogate decision makers pursuant to a living will or by operation of law. See 20 Pa.C.S. § 5447 (a living will can contain a designation of a health care agent if the principal is incompetent and has an end-stage medical condition or is permanently unconscious); 20 Pa.C.S. § 5461 (a health care representative can make decisions for an incompetent person if the person does not have a health care power of attorney or a guardian has not been appointed for the person). These surrogate decision makers have an interest in the proceeding because the powers they currently exercise will be affected by a guardianship.

Therefore, the rules require that all these agents should be first identified in the petition pursuant to Rule 14.2(a)(6)-(a)(8). Rather than reference the myriad statutes by individual citation, the rule text references the applicable Chapter in Title 20. To the extent that writings exist related to the agent’s authority, the writings are to be appended to the petition pursuant to Rule 14.2(c)(1). Further, these agents are to be served with the petition pursuant to Rule 14.2(f)(2)(iii).

Rule 14.2(a)(16) is intended to identify in the petition who should receive notice of the filing of the inventory and reports. This is a new statewide procedure.

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Related

In Re Peery
727 A.2d 539 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1999)

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Bluebook (online)
Order Rescinding and Replacing Rules 14.1 Through 14.5 and Forms G-01 Through G-04, and Amending Rules 1.5, 5.10 Through 5.12 and Index to Appendix of PA Orphans' Court Rules, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/order-rescinding-and-replacing-rules-141-through-145-and-forms-g-01-pa-2018.