Ocello v. United States

685 F. Supp. 100, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4501, 1988 WL 48612
CourtDistrict Court, D. New Jersey
DecidedMay 18, 1988
DocketCiv. A. No. 87-4620
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 685 F. Supp. 100 (Ocello v. United States) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. New Jersey primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Ocello v. United States, 685 F. Supp. 100, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4501, 1988 WL 48612 (D.N.J. 1988).

Opinion

OPINION

SAROKIN, District Judge.

In this medical malpractice action involving armed forces physicians, defendants move to dismiss plaintiffs complaint or for summary judgment.

INTRODUCTION

Membership in the armed forces gives rise to dangers not encountered in ordinary civilian life. There are numerous valid and practical reasons to immunize the government from liability for acts of those who are responsible for the safety and discipline of soldiers. Risks may be encountered because of the exigencies which exist in the world of the military. An officer should not be subject to liability to those who may be injured as the result of negligence in preparation for or participation in battle. The mere potential or existence of such suits might affect discipline.

However, how or why that immunity should extend to malpractice claims against military doctors, simply because their patients are members of the military, escapes logic and common sense — particularly if the doctor is a civilian employee. Absent battlefield conditions, there is no just reason why the government should be immune from liability for the acts of a government doctor when those acts would trigger liability if performed in private practice.

Those who volunteer their services to the defense of our country make numerous sacrifices and place their lives at risk. They reasonably may be expected to waive their rights to complain in court of injuries sustained in training or battle, but it is difficult to comprehend why their rights to expect competent medical attention, and to recover if they do not, are surrendered at the base entrance.

The precedent in this area is so clear, however, that this court has no choice but to follow it. The court notes that courts which have so ruled have taken some small comfort from the existence of procedures which allow for disability compensation in such instances. As will be discussed hereafter, even that minimal comfort does not appear to exist in this case. The New York Times recently reported charges that the Board of Veterans Appeals devotes 7.8 minutes to the average appeal. N.Y. Times, May 8, 1988, {1, at 21. Plaintiff’s appeal in this case, as to the issue of medical malpractice, may not have even reached this minimal average.

BACKGROUND

For the purposes of this motion, the court accepts the following facts as true.

[102]*102Plaintiff Joseph Ocello served in training with the United States Marine Corps from April 15, 1982 to June 12, 1982. During that period, plaintiff suffered numerous fainting spells and consequently was treated by Drs. Egan, Brownlow, Gardner, Howell, Burton, Poston, and Harper (the individual defendants) — all employees of the U.S. Navy or Marine Corps. The individual defendants failed to find or diagnose a brain tumor existing at that time. The tumor was found at a later date and was surgically removed. As a consequence of the tumor and the surgery, plaintiff suffered severe neurological damage and is permanently disabled. If the individual defendants had located the tumor, it could have been removed with little damage to plaintiff’s health.

Plaintiff sought Veterans Benefits for his disability but was denied recovery, ultimately by the Board of Veterans Appeals. Subsequently, plaintiff filed this action under the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. §§ 2671-2680, against the United States, the U.S. Marine Corps, the U.S. Navy, and the individual defendants.

DISCUSSION

A. Defendant United States

The government contends that plaintiff’s claims are barred by Feres v. United States, which held that the Federal Tort Claims Act does not permit suits for “injuries to servicemen where the injuries arise out of or are in the course of activity incident to service.” 340 U.S. 135, 146, 71 S.Ct. 153, 159, 95 L.Ed. 152 (1950).

Courts have routinely held that claims for medical malpractice occurring during plaintiff’s military service and committed by military physicians are claims “incident to service in the armed forces” under Feres. The Third Circuit has recently but reluctantly reaffirmed that the Feres doctrine applies to claims for medical malpractice against military physicians. See Loughney v. United States, 839 F.2d 186, 187 & n. 2 (3d Cir.1988).

Plaintiff, acknowledging the validity of this general rule, contends that Feres is inapplicable to this case because the Veterans Administration denied his claim for disability benefits. The Supreme Court considered the existence of a scheme of statutory disability benefits as an “independent” rationale supporting the Feres restriction on Federal Torts Claims Act suits. See United States v. Johnson, — U.S.-, 107 S.Ct. 2063, 2068, 95 L.Ed.2d 648 (1987) (citing Feres, 340 U.S. at 140, 71 S.Ct. at 156). However, the unavailability of disability benefits in this particular case does not lift the Feres bar. In Loughney, the Third Circuit rejected a parallel argument with respect to a different rationale for Feres — that negligence suits against military personnel would undermine military order and discipline. The court held that whether or not a particular suit would undermine discipline is irrelevant to a determination of Feres’ application — “It is simply the military status of the claimant that is dispositive.” 839 F.2d at 188. Similarly, a case-by-case determination as to the availability of alternative statutory remedies is inappropriate. Cf Hall v. United States, 528 F.Supp. 963, 965 n. 2 (D.N.J. 1981) (applying Feres despite an indication that plaintiff had been denied statutory relief), aff'd, 688 F.2d 821 (3d Cir.1982).

Plaintiff argues that the United States, by denying plaintiff’s application for disability benefits, admitted that plaintiff’s injuries were not related to his military service. By virtue of this admission, contends plaintiff, Feres is inapplicable. Plaintiff’s contention, though understandable under these frustrating circumstances, fails. Plaintiff’s Federal Tort Claims Act claims, alleging that his injuries were caused by malpractice, are plainly barred by Feres. See, e.g., Loughney, 839 F.2d at 187. The conclusion of the Board of Veterans Appeals that, in fact, plaintiff’s injuries were not aggravated by any event occurring during the service — including the individual defendants’ treatment — is not inconsistent with this application of Feres.

The court grants the motion of the defendant United States for dismissal of plaintiff’s complaint.

[103]*103B. Defendants U.S. Marine Corps and U.S. Navy

The Federal Torts Claims Act provides a limited waiver of immunity for tort claims against the United States as a defendant. 28 U.S.C. § 1346(b). Congress has expressly indicated that this waiver does not permit suits against federal agencies. See 28 U.S.C. § 2679(a).

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
685 F. Supp. 100, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4501, 1988 WL 48612, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ocello-v-united-states-njd-1988.