Netrebko v. Metropolitan Opera Association, Inc.

CourtDistrict Court, S.D. New York
DecidedJuly 29, 2025
Docket1:23-cv-06857
StatusUnknown

This text of Netrebko v. Metropolitan Opera Association, Inc. (Netrebko v. Metropolitan Opera Association, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Netrebko v. Metropolitan Opera Association, Inc., (S.D.N.Y. 2025).

Opinion

USDC SDNY DOCUMENT UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT ELECTRONICALLY FILED SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK DOC #: ANNA NETREBKO, DATE FILED: _ 7/29/2025 Plaintiff, -against- 23 Civ. 6857 (AT) METROPOLITAN OPERA ASSOCIATION, INC. d/b/a THE METROPOLITAN OPERA and ORDER PETER GELB, in his professional and individual capacities, Defendants. ANALISA TORRES, District Judge: Plaintiff, Anna Netrebko, a Russian opera singer, brings this action against Defendants, the Metropolitan Opera Association, Inc., doing business as the Metropolitan Opera, and Peter Gelb, its general manager (collectively, the “Met’’), alleging that the Met discriminated against her, defamed her, and breached contracts with her when it fired her shortly after Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine. See generally Second Am. Compl. (“SAC”), ECF No. 27. By order dated August 22, 2024 (the “Dismissal Order’), the Court dismissed Netrebko’s breach of contract claims, national origin discrimination claims, and defamation claim. Dismissal Order, ECF No. 64; Netrebko v. Metro. Opera Ass’n, Inc., No. 23 Civ. 6857, 2024 WL 3925377 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 22, 2024). Netrebko now moves for reconsideration of the Dismissal Order or, in the alternative, certification of an interlocutory appeal or entry of final judgment on the dismissed claims. Mot., ECF No. 65; Pl. Mem., ECF No. 66. For the reasons stated below, the motion is GRANTED IN PART and DENIED IN PART.

DISCUSSION1 0F I. Reconsideration a. Legal Standard “Reconsideration of a previous order by the court is an extraordinary remedy to be employed sparingly.” In re Beacon Assocs. Litig., 818 F. Supp. 2d 697, 701 (S.D.N.Y. 2011) (citation omitted). It should be granted “when the [movant] identifies ‘an intervening change of controlling law, the availability of new evidence, or the need to correct a clear error or prevent manifest injustice.’” Kolel Beth Yechiel Mechil of Tartikov, Inc. v. YLL Irrevocable Tr., 729 F.3d 99, 104 (2d Cir. 2013) (quoting Virgin Atl. Airways, Ltd. v. Nat’l Mediation Bd., 956 F.2d 1245, 1255 (2d Cir. 1992)). Only errors that are “direct, obvious, and observable,” Corpac v. Rubin & Rothman, LLC, 10 F. Supp. 3d 349, 354 (E.D.N.Y. 2013) (citation omitted), or that leave the Court “with the definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been committed,” Anderson v. Bessemer City, 470 U.S. 564, 573 (1985) (citation omitted), warrant reconsideration. “A motion for reconsideration is not ‘an occasion for repeating old arguments previously

rejected nor an opportunity for making new arguments that could have been previously advanced.’” Mikhaylova v. Bloomingdale’s Inc., No. 19 Civ. 8927, 2023 WL 2237541, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. Feb. 27, 2023) (quoting Associated Press v. U.S. Dep’t of Def., 395 F. Supp. 2d 17, 19 (S.D.N.Y. 2005)). Such a motion is appropriate, however, when “the movant demonstrates that the Court has overlooked controlling decisions or factual matters that were put before it on the underlying motion, and which, had they been considered, might have reasonably altered the result before the [C]ourt.” Regent Ins. Co. v. Storm King Contracting, Inc., No. 06 Civ. 2879, 2008 WL 1985763, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. May 7, 2008) (citation omitted).

1 The Court presumes familiarity with the facts alleged in the complaint and the reasoning supporting the Dismissal Order and repeats them here only as necessary. b. Matters Incorporated in the Complaint by Reference First, Netrebko contends that reconsideration is warranted because, in the Dismissal Order, the Court improperly relied on factual material beyond the scope of the complaint. Pl. Mem. at 2. Netrebko raised the substance of this argument in her opposition to the Met’s motion

to dismiss. See Pl. Opp. at 8–9, ECF No. 42. The Court considered the argument and rejected it. Dismissal Order at 3 n.2; id. at 4 n.3. On that basis alone, the Court may deny Netrebko’s motion for reconsideration as it pertains to the materials the Court considered in the Dismissal Order. See Mikhaylova, 2023 WL 2237541, at *1 (stating that a “motion for reconsideration is not an occasion for repeating old arguments previously rejected” (citation omitted)). The argument also fails on the merits. In adjudicating a motion to dismiss under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6), a court “must confine its consideration ‘to facts stated on the face of the complaint, in documents appended to the complaint or incorporated in the complaint by reference, and to matters of which judicial notice may be taken.’” Concord Assocs., L.P. v. Ent. Props. Tr., 817 F.3d 46, 51 n.2 (2d Cir. 2016) (quoting Allen v. WestPoint-Pepperell, Inc.,

945 F.2d 40, 44 (2d Cir. 1991)). Statements and documents may be incorporated in the complaint through an express statement to that effect in the pleading. They may also be impliedly incorporated when the complaint makes “detailed reference” to the materials. Henneberger v. County of Nassau, 465 F. Supp. 2d 176, 184 (E.D.N.Y. 2006) (citing Paulemon v. Tobin, 30 F.3d 307, 308–09 (2d Cir. 1994)). “Even where a document is not incorporated by reference, the court may nevertheless consider it where the complaint relies heavily upon its terms and effect, which renders the document integral to the complaint.” Id. (alteration omitted) (quoting Chambers v. Time Warner, Inc., 282 F.3d 147, 153 (2d Cir. 2002)). Netrebko argues that the Court erred by finding that a labor arbitration decision and a New York Times article were incorporated in her complaint by reference. Pl. Mem. at 2. The cases she relies upon are inapposite because each concerned materials that were not incorporated by reference in the complaint. See Goel v. Bunge, Ltd., 820 F.3d 554, 559 (2d Cir. 2016); Staehr v. Hartford Fin. Servs. Grp., Inc., 547 F.3d 406, 426 (2d Cir. 2008); Glob. Network Commc’ns,

Inc. v. City of New York, 458 F.3d 150, 156 (2d Cir. 2006). Here, Netrebko mentioned the arbitration decision in multiple parts of her complaint. See SAC ¶¶ 7, 62–67. Indeed, she dedicated an entire section of the complaint to discuss the award, id. § F, and another section to discuss the issues she believes the award did not reach, id. § G. Because “the complaint makes detailed reference to the [arbitration award],” it “thereby incorporates it by reference.” Henneberger, 465 F. Supp. 2d at 184. The same is true of the New York Times article. Netrebko quotes from the article on the first page of her complaint. SAC ¶ 2. At the bottom of the page, she provides a complete citation to the article with a hyperlink directing readers to it. Id. ¶ 2 n.1. In her reconsideration motion, she makes much of the fact that her complaint quotes only “three words” from the

article. Pl. Mem. at 2.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Coopers & Lybrand v. Livesay
437 U.S. 463 (Supreme Court, 1978)
Curtiss-Wright Corp. v. General Electric Co.
446 U.S. 1 (Supreme Court, 1980)
Anderson v. City of Bessemer City
470 U.S. 564 (Supreme Court, 1985)
Pierre Paulemon v. Joseph M. Tobin
30 F.3d 307 (Second Circuit, 1994)
Staehr v. Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc.
547 F.3d 406 (Second Circuit, 2008)
Century Pacific, Inc. v. Hilton Hotels Corp.
574 F. Supp. 2d 369 (S.D. New York, 2008)
In Re Beacon Associates Litigation
818 F. Supp. 2d 697 (S.D. New York, 2011)
Associated Press v. United States Department of Defense
395 F. Supp. 2d 17 (S.D. New York, 2005)
Henneberger v. County of Nassau
465 F. Supp. 2d 176 (E.D. New York, 2006)
Securities & Exchange Commission v. Frohling
614 F. App'x 14 (Second Circuit, 2015)
Trump v. Vance
977 F.3d 198 (Second Circuit, 2020)
Zimmermann v. Associates First Capital Corp.
251 F.3d 376 (Second Circuit, 2001)
Chambers v. Time Warner, Inc.
282 F.3d 147 (Second Circuit, 2002)
Corpac v. Rubin & Rothman, LLC
10 F. Supp. 3d 349 (E.D. New York, 2013)
Goel v. Bunge, Ltd.
820 F.3d 554 (Second Circuit, 2016)
Littlejohn v. City of New York
795 F.3d 297 (Second Circuit, 2015)
Biro v. Condé Nast
807 F.3d 541 (Second Circuit, 2015)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
Netrebko v. Metropolitan Opera Association, Inc., Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/netrebko-v-metropolitan-opera-association-inc-nysd-2025.