MCNULTY v. SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

CourtUnited States Court of Federal Claims
DecidedFebruary 3, 2026
Docket24-1779V
StatusUnpublished

This text of MCNULTY v. SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (MCNULTY v. SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Court of Federal Claims primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

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MCNULTY v. SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, (uscfc 2026).

Opinion

In the United States Court of Federal Claims OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS No. 24-1779V

************************* * * LILY McNULTY and CONOR McNULTY, * * on behalf of their minor child, J.M., * * Special Master Jennifer A. Shah Petitioners, * * * v. * Filed: December 31, 2025 * SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND * HUMAN SERVICES, * * * Respondent. * * ************************* *

Richard Gage, Richard Gage, P.C., Cheyenne, WY, for Petitioners. Rachelle Bishop, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC, for Respondent.

DECISION AWARDING INTERIM ATTORNEYS’ FEES AND COSTS1

On October 30, 2024, Lily and Conor McNulty (“Petitioners”) filed a petition for compensation under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, 42 U.S.C. §§ 300aa-10, et seq.2 (the “Vaccine Act” or “Program”), alleging that J.M., their minor child, developed Guillain-Barré syndrome (“GBS”) as a result of the measles, mumps, and rubella (“MMR”), Hepatitis A, and Varicella vaccinations he received February 17, 2023. ECF No. 1 (“Pet.”) at 1.

1 Because this Decision contains a reasoned explanation for the action in this case, it must be made publicly accessible and will be posted on the United States Court of Federal Claims’ website, and/or at https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/uscourts/national/cofc, in accordance with the E-Government Act of 2002. 44 U.S.C. § 3501 note (2018) (Federal Management and Promotion of Electronic Government Services). This means the Decision will be available to anyone with access to the internet. In accordance with Vaccine Rule 18(b), Petitioners have 14 days to identify and move to redact medical or other information, the disclosure of which would constitute an unwarranted invasion of privacy. If, upon review, I agree that the identified material fits within this definition, I will redact such material from public access. 2 National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3755. Hereinafter, for ease of citation, all “§” references to the Vaccine Act will be to the pertinent subparagraph of 42 U.S.C. § 300aa (2012).

1 After filing the petition, Petitioners filed statements from Ms. McNulty and Mr. Jacob Strumwasser, medical records, medical literature, and a letter from a treating physician, Christopher R. Spiekerman, D.O., opining on causation. Exs. 1-24.

On December 28, 2024, Petitioners filed an application for interim attorneys’ fees and costs, requesting a total of $30,674.05, comprised of $26,157.00 for attorneys’ fees and $4,517.05 for attorneys’ costs. ECF No. 12 (“Fees App.”) at 21; Fees App., Ex. A at 9. Petitioners noted that their counsel, Mr. Andrew D. Downing, “has had the honor of being vetted for a Presidential appointment within the U.S. Health and Human Services” and would no longer be able to continue representing them in the Vaccine Program. Fees App. at 3. This is Petitioner’s first motion for interim fees and costs. Petitioner has not incurred any personal costs. Fees App. at 1.

Respondent filed a response on January 10, 2025, deferring to me as to whether Petitioners have met the legal standard for an award of interim attorneys’ fees and costs. ECF No. 14 (“Fees Resp.”) at 2. Respondent noted, however, that Petitioners had not “filed any reliable and objective support for their claim.” Id. at n.1. Petitioner did not file a reply brief.

Petitioners was initially represented by Mr. Andrew D. Downing. On February 6 and 7, 2025, Mrs. Nancy Meyers filed motions to substitute as counsel for Petitioners. ECF Nos. 16-17. On March 18, 2025, Mr. Richard Gage filed a motion to substitute as counsel for Petitioners. ECF No. 18.

Petitioners then filed additional medical records and a statement of completion. Exs. 25- 29; ECF No. 27. This case was activated on September 8, 2025, and reassigned to me on September 9, 2025. ECF Nos. 28-29. On September 9, 2025, I issued an initial order. ECF No. 30. Currently, Respondent has until January 12, 2026, to file a status report identifying any missing records and indicating how he would like to proceed. See Non-PDF Order Granting Motion for Extension of Time dated 11/12/2025.

I hereby GRANT IN PART Petitioners’ application and award a total of $30,150.91 in interim attorneys’ fees and costs.

I. Legal Standard

A. Interim Attorneys’ Fees and Costs

The Federal Circuit has held that an award of interim attorneys’ fees and costs is permissible under the Vaccine Act. Shaw v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 609 F.3d 1372 (Fed. Cir. 2010); Avera v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 515 F.3d 1343 (Fed. Cir. 2008). In Cloer, the Federal Circuit noted that “Congress [has] made clear that denying interim attorneys’ fees under the Vaccine Act is contrary to an underlying purpose of the Vaccine Act.” Cloer v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 675 F.3d 1358, 1361-62 (Fed. Cir. 2012).

In Avera, the Federal Circuit stated that “[i]nterim fees are particularly appropriate in cases where proceedings are protracted, and costly experts must be retained.” Avera, 515 F.3d at 1352. Likewise, in Shaw, the Federal Circuit held that “where the claimant establishes that the cost of

2 litigation has imposed an undue hardship and there exists a good faith basis for the claim, it is proper for the special master to award interim attorneys’ fees.” 609 F.3d at 1375. Avera did not, however, define when interim fees are appropriate; rather, it has been interpreted to allow special masters discretion. See Avera, 515 F.3d at 1352; Kirk v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 08- 241V, 2009 WL 775396, at *2 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Mar. 13, 2009); Bear v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 11-362V, 2013 WL 691963, at *4 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Feb. 4, 2013). Special masters have viewed the three Avera criteria -- protracted proceedings, costly expert testimony, and undue hardship -- as factors to consider in a flexible balancing test. Avera, 515 F.3d at 1352; see Al-Uffi v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 13-956V, 2015 WL 6181669, at *7 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 30, 2015).

The undue hardship inquiry looks at more than just the financial involvement of a petitioner; it also takes into account the expenditures of counsel. Kirk, 2009 WL 775396, at *2. Referring to Avera, former Chief Special Master Golkiewicz in Kirk found that “the general principle underlying an award of interim fees [is] clear: avoid working a substantial financial hardship on petitioners and their counsel.” Id.

B. Good Faith

A petitioner is eligible for an interim award of reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs only if the special master finds that the petition was brought in good faith and with a reasonable basis. §15(e)(1); Avera, 515 F.3d at 1352; Shaw, 609 F.3d at 1372; Woods v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs, 105 Fed. Cl. 148, 154 (2012); Friedman v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 94 Fed. Cl. 323, 334 (2010); Doe 21 v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 89 Fed. Cl. 661, 668 (2009); Bear, 2013 WL 691963, at *5; Lumsden v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 97-588V, 2012 WL 1450520, at *4 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Mar. 28, 2012). The good faith requirement is met through a subjective inquiry. Di Roma v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 90-3277V, 1993 WL 496981, at *1 (Fed. Cl.

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