Martinez v. City of Clovis

625 P.2d 583, 95 N.M. 654
CourtNew Mexico Court of Appeals
DecidedMay 29, 1980
Docket4295
StatusPublished
Cited by22 cases

This text of 625 P.2d 583 (Martinez v. City of Clovis) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Mexico Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Martinez v. City of Clovis, 625 P.2d 583, 95 N.M. 654 (N.M. Ct. App. 1980).

Opinions

OPINION

WALTERS, Judge.

Plaintiff’s suit against the City of Clovis and one of its police officers was dismissed with prejudice for her failure to strictly comply with the notice provisions of the Tort Claims Act, specifically § 41-4-16, N.M.S.A.1978. This section of the Act has not previously been construed. We reverse.

The statute requires that the mayor of the municipality against which claims are made be presented with a written notice, “stating the time, place, and circumstance of the loss or injury,” within ninety days after the occurrence giving rise to the claim. In this case, it is not disputed that plaintiffs’ attorney and the City’s insurer had exchanged written communications within the ninety-day period regarding plaintiff’s claims and the injuries she sustained in the collision with the police vehicle.

At the hearing on defendant’s Motion to Dismiss, the mayor of Clovis gave the following testimony:

Q. Do you have in this case anyone appointed or an insurance company or a City Attorney that takes care of these matters for you?
A. That’s correct, that’s why I hardly ever see it. It’s referred to the insurance company through our City Attorney and through their agents.
Q. And do you approve of them handling them in your behalf?
A. Yes, sir, that’s been the policy.
Q. Is it ever the policy for you to get personally involved in any of these cases or is all of this authority delegated to the insurance company and your attorneys? A. I do not get personally involved unless I am requested or summonsed (sic). Q. And do you authorize the insurance company and the attorneys, are they authorized by you to go ahead and receive notice and handle the case however they think best?
A. Yes.

Thus plaintiff urges that the letters constitute written notice to the mayor’s delegated agent.

A second point of error raised by appellant is that the notice requirements of the statute apply only when a person “claims damages from the state or any local public body.” § 41-4-16A, N.M.S.A.1978. She says the notice provisions do not apply when suit is brought against an employee of the municipality as opposed to only, or in addition to, the municipality itself.

We need not consider appellant’s additional two points raised on appeal, since we agree with these contentions.

Subsection B of § 41-4-16 provides that no suit against a local public body for which immunity has been waived “shall be maintained and no court shall have jurisdiction to consider” any such suit or action unless the notice above referred to has been given, or actual notice exists.

Answering plaintiff’s second argument first, we look to the language of §§ 41-4 — 4 in effect at the time of the accident, and 41 — 4-6 regarding liability of public employees. The pertinent portions of those statutes read as follows:

41-4^4. Granting immunity from tort liability; authorizing exemptions.

A. A governmental entity and any public employee while acting within the scope of duty are granted immunity from liability for any tort except as provided in the Tort Claims Act [41 — 4-1 to 41-4-25 N.M.S.A.1978].
g * * * *
C. When liability is alleged against any public employee for any torts alleged to have been committed within the scope of his duty, or for a violation of property rights or any rights, privileges or immunities secured by the constitution and laws of the United States or the constitution and laws of New Mexico, the governmental entity shall provide a defense and pay any settlement or judgment. If an insurance carrier provides a defense to any public employee sued, the duty to defend imposed by this subsection shall be deemed to have been satisfied.

41-4-6. Liability; buildings, public parks, machinery, equipment and furnishings.

The immunity granted pursuant to Subsection A of Section 41-4-4 N.M.S.A. 1978 does not apply to liability for damages resulting from bodily injury, wrongful death or property damage caused by the negligence of public employees while acting within the scope of their duties in the operation or maintenance of any building, public park, machinery, equipment or furnishings.

As we have already noted Section 41 — 4-16A requires the claimant to give written notice to the officials therein named of any claim against “the state or any local public body” within the ninety-day period, or suffer dismissal for lack of jurisdiction in the district court to hear the matter. However, there is nothing within the notice provisions of § 41 — 4-16 requiring such notice from one who claims damages against a public employee; and merely because § 41 — 4—4C imposes upon the governmental entity for which the employee works the obligation to provide a defense to its employee and pay any settlement or judgment reached, it does not convert a public employee, without immunity under § 41 — 4-6, into a “local public body,” a “governmental entity,” or the “state or state agency,” as those terms are defined in § 41 — 4-3.

An' employee of a political subdivision’s “instrumentality” or “institution” — i. e., the local police department — is not and cannot be considered the instrumentality or institution itself. The Legislature recognized the distinction in separately defining “public employee” at § 41 — 4-3D, N.M.S.A.1978, and in specifying the separate areas of liabilities and immunities granted to the “governmental entity” and any “public employee” in § 41 — 4—4, supra, and subsequent sections.

The language of the written notice section does not include, and therefore does not apply to, public employees. The practical effect of such an interpretation, while defeating the notice provision insofar as the municipality’s vicarious statutory liability in these circumstances is concerned, nevertheless still protects the municipality from suits arising from other than employee’s acts for which immunity has been waived in the Tort Claims Act, and likewise keeps from a jury the fact of the City’s vicarious liability in a suit such as the present if the municipality has not received either written or actual notice of the claim. If the Legislature had intended a different interpretation, it could have included in § 41-4-16 the necessity for giving written notice to the offending public employee as well as to the mayor, to the school district superintendent, to the risk management division, or to the administrative head of any other local public body, as the statute spells out. See Vermeer v. Sneller, 190 N.W.2d 389 (Iowa 1971).

We hold that plaintiff’s claim against the defendant Boney should not have been dismissed for non-compliance with the notice provisions of § 41 — 4-16, N.M.S.A.1978.

We now consider whether the defendant City was entitled to dismissal on the same ground.

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Martinez v. City of Clovis
625 P.2d 583 (New Mexico Court of Appeals, 1980)

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Bluebook (online)
625 P.2d 583, 95 N.M. 654, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/martinez-v-city-of-clovis-nmctapp-1980.