Marrero v. Gober

14 Vet. App. 80, 2000 U.S. Vet. App. LEXIS 859, 2000 WL 1224893
United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims·Decided August 30, 2000·No. 99-624·Published·Cited by 2 cases

Opinions

[81] ORDER

PER CURIAM:

The pro se appellant appeals, on behalf of herself and her adult daughter, an April 6, 1999, decision of the Board of Veterans’ Appeals (BVA or Board) that denied entitlement to retroactive apportionment of pension benefits that had been paid to the veteran while he was her husband and after their divorce. Record (R.) at 12. The appellant filed an informal brief, the Secretary filed a brief, and the appellant filed a reply to the Secretary’s brief. This appeal is timely, and the Court has jurisdiction over the case pursuant to 38 U.S.C. § 7252(a). For the reasons set forth below, the Court will affirm the Board’s decision.

The veteran served on active duty in the U.S. Marine Corps from January 27 to May 12, 1970. R. at 84. He was discharged as unsuitable for service due to a personality disorder. Id. The veteran and the appellant were married in September 1974, had a child in 1976, and were divorced in February 1978. R. at 189-90, 192-95. In a September 24, 1980, rating decision, the regional office (RO) awarded disability pension benefits to the veteran. R. at 141-42. In an Income Net Worth and Employment Statement, dated September 9, 1980, the veteran indicated that he was married and had fathered one child, but was separated or estranged from his wife, who lived in Indianapolis, Indiana, with the child. R. at 138. Following the RO’s award of pension benefits, on May 20, 1982, the veteran notified VA that he had been receiving benefits for both him and his daughter, but due to his inability to locate her, requested that her portion be discontinued so as to avoid receiving overpayments. R. at 232. On February 13,1987, the veteran died. R. at 179. The veteran’s mother, Gloria Bermudez, submitted an application for burial benefits in which she indicated that the veteran was married to “Bernetta Martin” (misspelling “Vernetta”), at the time of his death, and had fathered one child. R. at 173.

On November 20, 1992, the appellant submitted a letter to VA requesting, for the first time, retroactive benefits from the time of the veteran’s death. R. at 182-85. She argued that the veteran had not paid child support subsequent to their divorce and that they had been cheated out of their portion of the veteran’s monthly pension, and his life insurance, due to VA’s neglect. R. at 183.

A. Apportionment

Determining whether the appellant filed a timely claim for apportionment requires an application of the law to the facts of this case. This Court reviews the Board’s application of the law to the facts under the deferential standard of review articulated in 38 U.S.C. § 7261(a)(3)(A). See Butts v. Brown, 5 Vet.App. 532, 538-40 (1993) (en banc). Specifically, a Board decision that results from an application of the law to the facts will not be set aside by the Court unless it is “arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or otherwise not in accordance with law.” 38 U.S.C. § 7261(a)(3)(A).

Pursuant to 38 C.F.R. § 3.450(a)(1)(h) (1999), a veteran’s pension is subject to apportionment “[i]f the veteran is not residing with his ... spouse, or if the veteran’s children are not residing with the veteran and the veteran is not reasonably discharging his ... responsibility for the spouse’s or children’s support.” See Hall v. Brown, 5 Vet.App. 294 (1993); 38 U.S.C. § 5307(a)(2). Similarly, 38 C.F.R. § 3.452(a) (1999) provides that a veteran’s pension is apportionable “[i]f the veteran is not residing with his ... spouse or his ... children and a claim for apportionment is filed for or on behalf of the spouse or children.” However, the veteran’s pension cannot be apportioned until the estranged spouse files a claim for apportionment. 38 C.F.R. § 3.458(g) (1999). Section 3.458(g) states: “If there are any children of the veteran not in his ... custody an apportionment will not be authorized unless and until a claim for an apportioned share is [82] filed” on behalf of the estranged spouse and the child.

In this case, the veteran and the appellant were divorced two years prior to the veteran’s award of pension benefits. R. at 189-90, 192-95. Hence, the appellant was not the veteran’s “spouse” at any time during the veteran’s receipt of pension benefits (see 38 U.S.C. § 101(31)) (“The term ‘spouse’ means a person of the opposite sex who is a wife or husband.”). Therefore, the appellant is not eligible for apportionment. See Colon v. Brown, 9 Vet.App. 104, 106-07 (1996) (claimant to provide proof of marital status with veteran). As for the veteran’s child, the appellant did not file a claim for apportionment on the child’s behalf until November 20, 1992. R. at 182-85. Due to the veteran’s death in February 1987, which ended his receipt of VA pension benefits, no pension amount is available for apportionment. Thus, the veteran’s child was eligible for apportionment at the time that the appellant filed a claim on her behalf (see 38 C.F.R. § 3.458(g)), but her claim was not timely relative to the veteran’s death. Furthermore, even if the appellant had filed a claim on behalf of the veteran’s child prior to his death, and apportionment had been awarded, the veteran’s child would have become ineligible for such compensation at the time of either the veteran’s death or upon reaching majority. Since both of these conditions have transpired, the issue of the veteran’s daughter’s eligibility for apportionment is moot.

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Marrero v. Gober, 14 Vet. App. 80, 2000 U.S. Vet. App. LEXIS 859, 2000 WL 1224893 (Cal. 2000).

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