Luchini v. Adams

11 Mass. L. Rptr. 742
CourtMassachusetts Superior Court
DecidedJune 19, 2000
DocketNo. 980592
StatusPublished

This text of 11 Mass. L. Rptr. 742 (Luchini v. Adams) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Superior Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Luchini v. Adams, 11 Mass. L. Rptr. 742 (Mass. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

Bohn, J.

On March 10 and April 12, 2000, this matter was before the Court for hearing on the motion of the plaintiff for summary judgment. In his motion, the plaintiff argues that a judgment should enter declaring that monies amounting to $22,388.52, held in escrow due to the Massachusetts tax lien imposed by the Department of Revenue (“DOR”), should be disbursed to him. According to the plaintiff, the DOR should not have assessed any tax against him for the years he was not domiciled in the Commonwealth; the imposition of the tax lien was improper since it attached to after -acquired property; and, even if that lien was properly imposed, the time for enforcement of the lien has expired pursuant to statute and, accordingly, it is null and void as a matter of law.

The defendant Commissioner opposes plaintiffs motion for summary judgment, arguing that, pursuant to G.L.c. 62C, §41, the abatement process at the DOR and subsequent appeal to the Appellate Tax Board, as set forth in G.L.c. 62C, §§37 and 39, constitute the sole and exclusive remedy for any tax dispute with the DOR and that, therefore, this Court lacks subject matter jurisdiction to adjudicate the underlying tax claim and the enforceability of the tax lien; that the lien properly attached to the plaintiffs property when they acquired it; and that the lien is still enforceable by agreement of the parties.

For the following reasons, the plaintiff s motion will be DENIED.

BACKGROUND

The undisputed facts, viewed in the light most favorable to the defendant, are as follows.

Some years ago, the plaintiff and his wife (now deceased) lived in Southbridge, Worcester County and were domiciled in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. In 1980, they moved to Belgium and, consequently, discontinued filing Massachusetts income tax returns. In 1988, they returned to the United States and took up residence in the state of Connecticut. They continued to live in that state although, as noted in footnote 1, Billie K. Luchini is now deceased.

After the plaintiffs returned to the United States, the DOR asserted a claim against them for income taxes due for the years 1980 through 1988. The plaintiffs refused to pay the claim on the basis that they were not residents of Massachusetts during those years. In November of 1992, however, upon advice of [743]*743a tax accountant, the plaintiffs filed income tax returns for the years at issue. Although the tax returns indicated that the plaintiffs owed income tax,2 the plaintiffs did not pay those taxes.

On October 15, 1992 and November 4, 1992, the DOR issued assessments against the plaintiffs for tax, interest, and penalties in the amount of $41,822.70, for the years 1980 through 1988. The plaintiffs filed a request for abatement with the Commissioner of the DOR, but the abatement was denied. The plaintiffs did not appeal the denial to the Appellate Tax Board. Moreover, on the advice of counsel, the plaintiffs did not pay the assessment.

On or about April 7, 1993, the DOR filed notice of a tax lien against the plaintiffs for all property and rights to property located in Worcester County. That lien was recorded in the Worcester Registry of Deeds.3 At the time of such recording, however, the plaintiffs did not own property in the Commonwealth.4 On September 8, 1994, plaintiff Charles Luchini’s mother deeded to Charles and his three siblings a parcel of land located at 7 Dominick Street, Milford.5 It appears that once the plaintiff acquired the Milford property, the tax lien attached to that property. In February of 1998, when the plaintiff and his siblings attempted to sell the Milford property, the closing was delayed by the DOR’s lien.

In March of 1998, the plaintiffs filed their complaint in the Superior Court seeking an order to compel the DOR to release the lien it had placed upon the property. In their complaint, the plaintiffs asserted that they were not obligated to pay taxes, interest, or penalties on income earned during years they were not domiciled in the Commonwealth; that, for that reason, the lien on the Milford property was null and void and did not constitute a valid lien; and, that the refusal of the DOR to release the lien constituted an unreasonable and unlawful action. Subsequently, the parties agreed that an order would enter from this court (Fecteau, J.) whereby the DOR would release the lien as of April 1, 1998; sale of the property would be allowed to proceed; and the plaintiffs’ counsel would hold the plaintiffs’ share of the proceeds from the sale in escrow, pending disposition of the underlying issues.6 The plaintiff then filed the within motion arguing that the time for enforcement of the lien had expired and the money held in escrow should be disbursed to him.

DISCUSSION

In his motion for summary judgment, the plaintiff first argues that he should not have been assessed taxes for the years he was not domiciled in Massachusetts, to wit, 1980 through 1988. Second, the plaintiff argues that even if the taxes were properly assessed, the lien on the Milford property is invalid because it attached to after-acquired property. Third, the plaintiff argues that even if the taxes were lawfully assessed and the hen validly imposed, the time for enforcement of the lien has expired. Based on those arguments, the plaintiff seeks a declaratory judgment that the tax is not collectable and requests this Court to order the monies held in escrow disbursed to him.

The DOR opposes the plaintiffs motion, arguing that the plaintiff failed to pursue his administrative remedy of appealing the abatement denial to the Appellate Tax Board such that this Court lacks subject • matter jurisdiction over this dispute. In the alternative, the DOR argues that it can lawfully attach after-acquired property such that the lien was validly imposed, and that the lien is still enforceable.

A. Summary Judgment Standard

This Court grants summary judgment only where there are no genuine issues of material fact and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Cassesso v. Comm’ r of Correction, 390 Mass. 419, 422 (1983); Community Nat’l Bank v. Dawes, 369 Mass. 550, 553 (1976); Mass.R.Civ.P. 56(c). The moving party bears the burden of affirmatively demonstrating that there is no genuine dispute of material fact on every relevant issue “even if he would have no burden on an issue if the case were to go to trial.” Pederson v. Time, Inc., 404 Mass. 14, 17 (1989), citing Attorney Gen. v. Bailey, 386 Mass. 367, 371, cert. denied sub nom. Bailey v. Bellotti, 459 U.S. 970 (1982). Once the moving party establishes the absence of a triable issue, the non-moving party must respond and allege specific facts establishing the existence of a genuine issue of material fact in order to defeat the motion. Pederson, 404 Mass. at 17.

B. The Question of Subject Matter Jurisdiction Over the Validity of the Initial Assessment

As a general rule, where an administrative procedure is available, courts will “require a party seeking declaratory relief first to exhaust the opportunities for an administrative remedy.” Space Bldg. Corp. v. Commissioner of Revenue, 413 Mass. 445, 448 (1992), citing Villages Dev. Co. v. Secretary of the Executive Office of Envtl. Affairs 410 Mass.

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Bluebook (online)
11 Mass. L. Rptr. 742, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/luchini-v-adams-masssuperct-2000.