Looney v. Great American Insurance

71 F.R.D. 211
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. New York
DecidedMay 4, 1976
DocketNo. 74 C 520
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 71 F.R.D. 211 (Looney v. Great American Insurance) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Looney v. Great American Insurance, 71 F.R.D. 211 (E.D.N.Y. 1976).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

BRAMWELL, District Judge.

Plaintiff, John L. Looney, seeks to recover $45,000 under a flood insurance policy issued to him by the defendant, Great American Insurance Co., pursuant to the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, 42 U.S.C. § 4001 et seq. (hereinafter the “Act”).1 Defendant moves for partial summary judgment pursuant to Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, dismissing that portion of the complaint which demands judgment in excess of the sum of $22,500. Plaintiff cross moves to dismiss defendant’s fifth affirmative defense.2 Jurisdiction is conferred by 28 U.S.C. § 1331(a) and 42 U.S.C. § 4053.

The following facts are undisputed. John L. Looney was the owner of a dwelling located at Ocean Beach, Fire Island, New York. On May 9,1970, after having applied to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Ocean Beach, Fire Island community was accepted into the Emergency Program of the Act.3 On November 6, 1971, defendant issued to plaintiff a policy of flood insurance in the amount of $17,500 for the subject building and $5,000 for its contents.4 At the request of plaintiff, this policy was renewed on November 6, 1972.

[213]*213Thereafter, the Ocean Beach community applied to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development for admission into the Regular Program. The Department notified the community of its acceptance into the Regular Program on November 17, 1972. Thus, on that date additional flood insurance coverage became available to the community. On December 10, 1972 plaintiff submitted an application for additional insurance coverage. This application was accepted by defendant on December 15, 1972, and thereby became an endorsement to plaintiff’s policy, effective December 10, 1972. The endorsement increased the coverage on plaintiff’s dwelling from $17,500 to $35,000, and on its contents from $5,000 to $10,000. The loss alleged by plaintiff occurred on or about December 15, 1972.

The issue presented by these motions concerns the effective date of the increased coverage on plaintiff’s dwelling and its contents. The resolution of this issue rests upon an interpretation of the following language found at the bottom of the aforementioned endorsement:

The inception date of any new, increased or additional insurance coverage shall be at least 15 calendar days after the date of this application [the “waiting period”]. This 15-day waiting period shall not apply during the initial 30 calendar days from the effective date of first availability of flood insurance in any designated area [the “grace period”].

Defendant’s position is that because the alleged loss occurred on or about December 15, 1972 (five days after the effective date of the endorsement), the 15-day waiting period for the inception date of the increased coverage had not expired at the time of the alleged loss. Defendant further contends that the grace period is not applicable because it ran from the date that the Ocean Beach community entered the Emergency Program (May 9, 1970). Thus, in defendant’s fifth affirmative defense it is alleged that if defendant is liable to plaintiff for any sum, then in no event is defendant liable in excess of $17,500 for damage sustained to the dwelling or $5,000 for damage sustained to its contents.

Plaintiff’s position is that the grace period was effective at the time that the Ocean Beach community entered the Regular Program (November 17,1972). Plaintiff therefore contends that since his application for additional insurance coverage was accepted and became effective within 30 calendar days from the date that the. Ocean Beach Community entered the Emergency Program, the waiting period was not operative, and thus the increased coverage was effective at the time of the alleged loss.

Rule 56(c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provides that summary judgment shall be granted where the record shows “that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law”. In Heyman v. Commerce and Industry Insurance Company, 524 F.2d 1317 (2d Cir. 1975), the Second Circuit provided a thorough review of the principles relevant to the granting of a summary judgment. There Chief Judge Kaufman stated in part:

. But, the “fundamental maxim” remains that on a motion for summary judgment the court cannot try issues of fact; it can only determine whether there are issues to be tried. American Manuf. Mutual Ins. Co. v. American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc., 388 F.2d 272, 279 (2d Cir. 1967); Cali v. Eastern Airlines, Inc., 442 F.2d 65, 71 (2d Cir. 1971). Moreover, when the court considers a motion for summary judgment, it must resolve all ambiguities and draw all reasonable inferences in favor of the party against whom summary judgment is sought, United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962), with the burden on the moving party to demonstrate the absence of any material factual issue genuinely in dispute, Adickes v. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 157, 90 S.Ct. 1598, 26 L.Ed.2d 142 (1970). This rule is clearly appropriate, given the nature of summary judgment. This procedural weapon is a drastic device since its prophylactic function, when [214]*214exercised, cuts off a party’s right to present his case to the jury. Donnelly v. Guion, 467 F.2d 290, 291 (2d Cir. 1972). Heyman, supra, at 1319.

Both parties assert that the interpretation of the waiting period and grace period clauses in the endorsement is a question of law for the court. In determining whether the interpretation of a contract poses a question of law or a question of fact one must take note of the language of Judge Friendly in Painton & Company v. Bourns, Inc., 442 F.2d 216, 233 (2d Cir. 1971):

. The point that the ultimate issue, the construction of a contract, is a question of law for the court, see 9 Wig-more, Evidence § 2556 at 522 (3d ed. 1940); 4 Williston, Contracts § 616 at 649 (3d ed. 1961), does not dictate a different result.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
71 F.R.D. 211, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/looney-v-great-american-insurance-nyed-1976.