Lasley v. Helms

880 P.2d 1135, 179 Ariz. 589, 164 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 63, 1994 Ariz. App. LEXIS 92
Court of Appeals of Arizona·Decided May 10, 1994·No. 1 CA-CV 93-0182·Published·Cited by 16 cases

Opinions

OPINION

GARBARINO, Judge.

The plaintiffs, George and Velma Lasley, George Easley’s children, and his former wife, appeal from the trial court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of the defendant, William K. Helms, M.D., and the trial court’s denial of their motion for new trial, both of which were based on the trial court’s finding that their claims were barred by the statute of limitations. We reverse and remand.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

In reviewing the trial court’s grant of summary judgment, we view the facts and reasonable inferences therefrom in the light most favorable to the plaintiffs, the parties against whom judgment was entered. Hill-Shafer Partnership v. Chilson Family Trust, 165 Ariz. 469, 472, 799 P.2d 810, 813 (1990).

In February 1960, George Lasley began seeing Dr. Helms as his primary care physician. Over the next twenty-nine years, Helms prescribed a sleeping pill known as Doriden for Easley’s use. In March 1991, the plaintiffs sued Helms, alleging that Helms had committed medical malpractice in prescribing the sleeping pill, which they claim is an addictive drug. The plaintiffs claim that Easley’s drug addiction damaged him physically, mentally, and emotionally, and caused severe problems in his family and business.

Athough the plaintiffs admit that Lasley was aware of his strong desire to continue taking Doriden and suspected that the drug was causing some of his problems, they contend that Helms assured both Lasley and his first wife that the prescription was appropriate. Lasley testified that he directly asked Helms if he was addicted or being harmed by the drug and that Helms assured Lasley that he was not addicted and that taking the drug was perfectly safe.

At the request of his second wife, Lasley visited her physician, Dr. Ole Braaten, in 1984. Braaten testified that he told Lasley he personally disapproved of Doriden and that he himself did not prescribe the drug because it is addicting and leads to withdrawal symptoms. He said that he advised Las-ley to stop taking the drug. However, Braa-ten also stated in his deposition that he was not being judgmental about any other doctor prescribing Doriden for Easley’s use because, according to what Lasley had told him, Braa-ten did not have enough knowledge to know whether it was being prescribed in a particularly dangerous way. He stated that another doctor may know how to use the drug properly.

Lasley testified that following his -consultation with Braaten, he went back to Helms, the physician to whom he had entrusted his physical well-being for so many years, and again asked if he was addicted and if the drug was harming him. Lasley claims Helms reassured him that the drug was not harming him and that he did not believe Lasley was addicted to it. Lasley explained that he accepted Helms’ word over Braaten’s because Helms had been his doctor for many years.

Lasley continued taking Doriden until October 1989 when his daughter became aware of his drug use, investigated the possible consequences of the drug, and scheduled an intervention. Lasley alleges that he did not know of his addiction to Doriden until this October 1989 intervention.

George and Velma Lasley filed their lawsuit against Helms on March 29,1991, within two years of the October 1989 intervention, alleging that Helms negligently overpres-cribed an addictive drug which caused dam[591]*591age to Lasley and their relationship. Las-ley’s son, daughter, and first wife thereafter filed a motion to intervene, which the trial court granted. Helms moved for summary judgment, arguing that the two-year statute of limitations had expired because Lasley knew as early as 1984 that Doriden was an addictive drug which could have been the source of his problems. The trial court granted summary judgment in favor of Helms against all plaintiffs, finding that Las-ley either knew or should have known or discovered by 1984 that he had been injured by the alleged negligence of Helms, that therefore the statute of limitations began running in 1984, and that the limitation period was not tolled between 1984 and 1991. Following the trial court’s denial of their motion for new trial, the plaintiffs appealed.

ISSUES

The plaintiffs raise five issues on appeal:

1. Whether the statute of limitations was tolled under the doctrine of constructive fraud based on Helms’ assurances that Lasley was not addicted to Dori-den and that the drug was safe,
2. Whether the trial court misinterpreted the discovery rule,
3. Whether a material question of fact exists regarding the reasonableness of Lasley’s inquiry into the consequences of taking Doriden after his consultation with Braaten,
4. Whether Lasley’s alleged addiction constituted a disability sufficient to toll the statute of limitations, and
5. Whether the trial court’s decision was the product of bias or prejudice.

DISCUSSION

This Court will affirm summary judgment only when the facts presented by the opposing party in support of the claim or defense have so little probative value that reasonable minds could not agree with the conclusion being advanced. See Orme School v. Reeves, 166 Ariz. 301, 309, 802 P.2d 1000, 1008 (1990).

Plaintiffs first argue that the statute of limitations was tolled until October 1989 because Helms concealed from Lasley the possible harmful effects of prescribing Doriden. Their argument is based on their claim that, after Lasley discussed the drug with Braa-ten, he again asked Helms about the harmful effects of the drug and Helms again reassured him that the drug was safe and effective and that his continued use of the drug for nearly thirty years was neither harmful nor addictive. The plaintiffs contend that Helms’ continued reassurances amount to constructive fraud which tolled the statute of limitations until Lasley’s intervention in October 1989.

Helms argues that it is sufficient that Las-ley knew or reasonably should have known of the essential facts giving rise to the cause of action. Helms contends that Lasley knew that he needed Doriden and that the drug caused his impotence and other problems. However, Helms overlooks that he was the one who, after inquiry by Lasley, affirmatively denied the possibility that Lasley was addicted and was being harmed by the drug. In Gutierrez v. Mofid, 39 Cal.3d 892, 218 Cal.Rptr. 313, 317, 705 P.2d 886, 890 (1985), referred to by both parties, the court, in analyzing the discovery exception applicable to a malpractice case, stated:

[T]he professional’s fiduciary and confidential relationship with his client or patient both compels the professional to disclose, rather than conceal, his error and mitigates the injured person’s duly to discover it independently. A delayed limitations period encourages the professional tortfeasor to fulfill his “fiduciary duty of full disclosure; it prevents the fiduciary from obtaining immunity for an initial breach of duty [i.e., the malpractice] by a subsequent breach of the obligation of disclosure.” (Neel [v. Magana], supra, 6 Cal.3d [176] at p. 189, 98 Cal.Rptr. 837, 491 P.2d 421 [1971]; see also Sanchez [v.

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Lasley v. Helms, 880 P.2d 1135, 179 Ariz. 589, 164 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 63, 1994 Ariz. App. LEXIS 92 (Ark. Ct. App. 1994).

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Lasley v. Helms
880 P.2d 1135 (Court of Appeals of Arizona, 1994)