Langford v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

839 F.2d 1192
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
DecidedFebruary 24, 1988
DocketNo. 86-5874
StatusPublished
Cited by19 cases

This text of 839 F.2d 1192 (Langford v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Langford v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 839 F.2d 1192 (6th Cir. 1988).

Opinion

CONTIE, Senior Circuit Judge.

Joe Langford and James Ferguson appeal from the district court’s dismissal of their complaint filed pursuant to the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), 29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq., for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. For the following reasons, we reverse the judgment of the district court.

I.

Appellants Langford and Ferguson are civilians employed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) as a survey boat operator and a lead surveying technician respectively. In October of 1983, appellants were assigned to perform surveying work in the vicinity of Horseshoe Lake, Arkansas. During this time, Langford and Ferguson were observed habitually leaving their work site early without permission while reporting full days on their pay documents. Based on their absenteeism, Langford received a written reprimand and Ferguson was suspended for two days.

Appellants contacted Berland Boyd, an Equal Employment Opportunity Counselor, alleging that they had been disciplined because of their ages. Langford was fifty-one years old, and Ferguson was forty-eight years old at the time of the disciplinary actions.

Following the failure of Boyd’s informal efforts to resolve appellants’ complaints, appellants each filed a formal, individual complaint of age discrimination with the Corps; and, on February 22,1984, the United States Army Civilian Appellate Review Office (USACARO) notified each appellant that it had accepted his discrimination complaint for investigation. Following an investigation, the USACARO found that al[1193]*1193though appellants had established prima facie cases of age discrimination, management had articulated legitimate nondiscriminatory reasons for disciplining appellants which were not proven to be pretextual. Appellants were then notified by Equal Employment Opportunity Manager William Jones of the intention of the Commander to adopt the findings of the USACARO, and they were advised of their rights to further administrative proceedings. Each appellant requested a hearing before a complaints examiner designated by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), and on October 10, 1984, the Memphis Office of the EEOC acknowledged receipt of the cases. On November 5, 1984, attorney James Wilson advised the EEOC that he would represent both appellants.

On March 4, 1985, prior to their administrative hearings, appellants filed their individual and class claims of age discrimination against the Corps in federal district court. Attorney Wilson advised the EEOC on the following day that appellants had filed suit in federal court and requested that the EEOC discontinue its administrative proceedings. Wilson repeated his request on March 21, 1985, by stating, “[p]lease be advised that it is my desire to dispense with the administrative process.”

On June 17, 1986, the district court dismissed appellants’ complaint for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6). The district court held that an aggrieved federal employee may pursue a claim of age discrimination in one of two ways, i.e., by filing an administrative complaint with the agency for which he works and then, following a final, adverse decision by the EEOC, filing suit in federal court, or, by foregoing the administrative route and filing suit directly in federal court within one hundred and eighty days of the alleged discriminatory incident and upon giving the EEOC thirty days’ notice of intent to sue. After reviewing the memoranda submitted by both parties, the district court determined that appellants had elected to pursue the administrative route but then filed suit in federal district court before any final, adverse decision had been reached by the EEOC. Consequently, because appellants had failed to exhaust their administrative remedies, the district court found dismissal proper.

Appellants timely filed this appeal on July 1, 1986.

The issue before this court is whether appellants were required to exhaust administrative remedies, once they were initiated, as a prerequisite to filing this civil action in federal court pursuant to the ADEA.

II.

Unlike the Civil Rights Act which generally requires exhaustion of administrative remedies before a government employee or applicant may file a civil action, see 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-16(c), the ADEA provides two separate avenues of relief to a federal employee or applicant who believes that he has been a victim of age discrimination. First, an employee or applicant may file an administrative complaint pursuant to the rules, regulations, orders and instructions for the acceptance and processing of complaints for which the ADEA authorizes the EEOC to provide. See 29 U.S.C. § 633a(b). Second, an employee or applicant may bring a civil action for legal or equitable relief in any federal district court of competent jurisdiction. 29 U.S.C. § 633a(c).

The ADEA provides that “[w]hen the individual has not filed a complaint concerning age discrimination with the [EEOC], no civil action may be commenced by any individual under this section until the individual has given the [EEOC] not less than thirty days’ notice of an intent to file such action. Such notice shall be filed within one hundred and eighty days after the alleged unlawful practice occurred.” 29 U.S.C. § 633a(d). In contrast to the Civil Rights Act, the ADEA places no limitations on the filing of a civil action when an employee or applicant has filed an age discrimination complaint with the EEOC. Cf. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-16 (which with two exceptions permits an individual to file a civil action in district court only after final agency action). Therefore, the ADEA may be construed to permit the filing of a civil [1194]*1194action at any time when an employee or applicant has filed an age discrimination complaint with the EEOC.

Consistent with this construction of the statute, the Fifth Circuit has held:

An employee who believes that he has been discriminated against because of his age has two avenues of relief. He may file an administrative complaint with the employing federal agency, and if the employing agency’s determination is adverse to him he may appeal to the Civil Service Commission for administrative review.1 29 U.S.C. § 633a(b); see 29 C.F.R. §§ 1613.501 — 1613.521 (1980).
After the administrative complaint has been filed with the Commission, a civil action then may be instituted. 29 U.S.C.

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Langford v. Army Corps of Engineers
839 F.2d 1192 (Sixth Circuit, 1988)

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Bluebook (online)
839 F.2d 1192, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/langford-v-us-army-corps-of-engineers-ca6-1988.