Lamberth v. State

307 So. 2d 43, 54 Ala. App. 233, 1975 Ala. Crim. App. LEXIS 1549
CourtCourt of Criminal Appeals of Alabama
DecidedJanuary 21, 1975
Docket5 Div. 277
StatusPublished
Cited by13 cases

This text of 307 So. 2d 43 (Lamberth v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Criminal Appeals of Alabama primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Lamberth v. State, 307 So. 2d 43, 54 Ala. App. 233, 1975 Ala. Crim. App. LEXIS 1549 (Ala. Ct. App. 1975).

Opinions

HARRIS, Judge.

Appellant was indicted for murder in the first degree and convicted of manslaughter in the second degree and the jury fixed his punishment at twelve months in the county jail. At arraignment and trial he was represented by counsel of his choice who also represents him on appeal.

The homicide grew out of a head-on collision of two motor vehicles on May 4, 1974, on Alabama Highway 63 in Tallapoosa County, Alabama. This was a two-lane highway at the time and place of the collision. Appellant took his father’s car without his permission on Saturday afternoon, May 4th, around 2:30 P.M. The collision occurred about 4:30 P.M. on the same day. When appellant’s father discovered that his son had taken his car, he called the Police Department of Alexander City and requested they find his car and return it to him. An APB (All Points Bulletin) was broadcast on the police radio and was picked up by a state trooper, who was cruising along on Highway 63 about three hundred yards from the place where the accident happened. The trooper was notified about the collision and was at the accident scene within three minutes. The vehicles had not been moved when he arrived.

According to the state’s evidence, appellant was driving his automobile up a hill at a speed of 75 to 80 miles per hour. It was raining at the time. He passed one vehicle going in the same direction and was immediately confronted with a double-yellow line (a no passing zone) to the right of the center line of the highway. He apparently lost control of his car and crossed the double-yellow line near the crest of the hill which the highway curves. He was in the wrong lane of traffic and was met by a station wagon and in attempting to maneuver his high speed car into the proper lane of traffic, he caused the on-coming station wagon to hit him broadside. There were three occupants of the station wagon and they sustained severe personal injuries from which they died as a result of appellant’s reckless and wanton conduct.

Appellant was rendered unconscious as a result of the impact and the state’s witnesses who rendered him first aid, including the state trooper, two ambulance attendants and the doctor who treated him in the emergency room of a local hospital, testified there was strong odor of alcohol on his breath. There is no evidence in the record as to when appellant regained consciousness. There is evidence that the medical team at the local hospital considered his injuries so serious as to warrant transferring him to the University Hospital in Birmingham for definitive care and treatment.

At the close of the state’s case, the court charged out the two degrees of murder and [235]*235left the two degrees of manslaughter for the jury’s consideration.

The only insistence of error of any major significance has to do with the action of the trial court in overruling and denying appellant’s motion for a mistrial during the prosecution’s closing argument to the jury.

From the record:

“I believe, and I am sincere in this, by looking at the evidence and what you heard, that you can say, that Rufus Lamberth, out there on that highway that day had a complete disregard for human life. I tell you, something has got to be done about drunk driving on our roads. Somebody has got to take a stand somewhere, because, the problem is getting greater, the deaths are getting bigger, and people like Rufus Lamberth need to be punished.
“Mrs. Beulah Traylor can’t be here today to tell you her story because she is lying in a grave in Chambers County, nor, any of these others that were there, the only person that can tell you about it, is Rufus Lamberth. (Emphasis supplied)
“TOM RADNEY: May we approach the bench?
“COURT: Yes sir, Mr. Sims, step up here a minute. (WHEREAS, THE COURT REPORTER, MR. TOM RADNEY, MR. LEE SIMS AND MR. CHARLES O. AARON ALL APPROACHED THE BENCH. STATEMENT MADE BY MR. RADNEY OUT OF HEARING OF JURY.)
“TOM RADNEY: Your Honor, at this time, we move for a mistrial, because this is a statement based on the fact that the defendant did not testify, and we move for a mistrial.
“COURT: Overrule your motion for a mistrial.
“TOM RADNEY: Reserve an exception. (MR. LEE SIMS GOES BACK TO ARGUE CASE TO JURY.)
“COURT: Members of the Jury, disregard the last comment made by Mr. Sims, just disregard that statement.”

The appellant did not testify in this case. Such privilege is guaranteed by the Alabama Constitution of 1901, Article 1, Section 6, providing that in all criminal prosecutions the accused “shall not be compelled to give evidence against himself”. This constitutional privilege is further fortified by Title 15, Section 305, Code of Alabama 1940, that: “On the trial of all * * * criminal proceedings, the person on trial shall, at his own request, but not otherwise, be a competent witness; and his failure to make such request shall not create any presumption against him, nor be the subject of comment by counsel.”

There can be no doubt that the italicized portion of the prosecutor’s argument to the jury was a direct comment on the failure of appellant to testify in 'contravention of the privilege accorded to him by the constitution and the statutory law of this state.

The record reflects that after the trial court overruled appellant’s motion for a mistrial, to which an exception was duly reserved, and Mr. Sims, the assistant district attorney, went back to the jury to conclude his argument, it was then, and only then, that the court said, “Members of the jury, disregard the last comment made by Mr. Sims, just disregard that statement.” If this statement of the court was in reference to the italicized portion of Mr. Sims’s argument, then the admonition of the court was perfunctory at best. He did not advise the jury of appellant’s constitutional and statutory privilege against self-incrimination and the fact that he had exercised this sacred privilege was not to be considered as evidence of his guilt of the charges for which he was on trial. The error here is that the court said too little. Had the trial court employed language strong enough to have eradicated from the minds of the jurors the poison injected into the case by the prosecutor’s argument the error could have been cured.

[236]*236As an illustration, we take the following from Troup v. State, 32 Ala.App. 309, 26 So.2d 611:

“The record discloses that during the argument to the jury the following. occurred :
‘Major W. H. Long, in his argument to the jury, called for the written confessions of the defendant, and he stated to the jury, among other things, that Mr. Troup had not denied the signatures to .the written confessions, and in addition to that, Major Long stated to the jury that Mr. Troup had not denied the confession that John A. Caddell testified about.
‘Defendant moved for a mistrial because of the remarks of the Solicitor to the jury.
‘The Court stated to the Jury:
‘Gentlemen of the jury, a few minutes ago Mr. W. H.

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Lamberth v. State
307 So. 2d 43 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Alabama, 1975)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
307 So. 2d 43, 54 Ala. App. 233, 1975 Ala. Crim. App. LEXIS 1549, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/lamberth-v-state-alacrimapp-1975.