Lamb v. Tenth Judicial District Drug Task Force

944 F. Supp. 2d 586, 2013 WL 1896968, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 64117
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. Tennessee
DecidedMay 3, 2013
DocketNo. 1:13-CV-73
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 944 F. Supp. 2d 586 (Lamb v. Tenth Judicial District Drug Task Force) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. Tennessee primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Lamb v. Tenth Judicial District Drug Task Force, 944 F. Supp. 2d 586, 2013 WL 1896968, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 64117 (E.D. Tenn. 2013).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM

CURTIS L. COLLIER, District Judge.

Before the Court is a motion to dismiss filed by Defendants the Tenth Judicial District Drug Task Force (“DTF”) and Officer David Jones (“Officer Jones”) (collectively, “Defendants”) (Court File No. 2). Plaintiff Susan Lamb (“Plaintiff’) filed a response in opposition to this motion (Court File No. 5), to which Defendants replied (Court File No. 8). Defendants argue Plaintiffs 42 U.S.C. § 1983 claim against the DTF and Officer Jones in his official capacity must fail because the DTF is an agency of the State of Tennessee, and therefore not a “person” within the meaning of § 1983. They also argue Officer Jones in his individual capacity is absolutely immune from Plaintiffs state law negligence claims as an employee of the state. Plaintiff argues the DTF receives funding and operational direction from a mixture of state and local entities, and should be considered a person under § 1983. The Court concludes the answers to these questions require consideration of materials outside the scope of Plaintiffs com[588]*588plaint. Accordingly, Defendants’ motion will be DENIED (Court File No. 2).

I. BACKGROUND

The DTF is a joint operation of a number of Tennessee counties, including Bradley County, where the events giving rise to this case occurred. The complaint alleges Officer Jones, on January 17, 2012, appeared before a magistrate of the General Sessions Court in Bradley County and sought an arrest warrant for Plaintiff. Officer Jones claimed Plaintiff had purchased 10.08 grams of medications containing pseudoephedrine/ephedrine within a thirty-day period four months previously. Section 39-17-431 of the Tennessee Code Annotated, prohibits an individual from purchasing more than 9 grams of pseudoephedrine during a thirty-day period. The magistrate issued the arrest warrant. Plaintiff alleges Officer Jones did not conduct a sufficient investigation and that a “cursory examination” of Plaintiffs “history, life style, or activities” would demonstrate she was a law-abiding citizen.

On February 10, 2012, Plaintiff was arrested for possession of Immediate Methamphetamine Precursor at her home. She was taken to the Bradley County Justice Center, where she was booked, finger printed, and detained on bond. Her photo and the charges against her appeared in various publications such as “Just Busted” as well as websites that publish booking photos of East Tennessee arrestees. On February 13, 2012, Plaintiff appeared in Bradley County General Sessions Court where it was determined the case lacked merit. The State of Tennessee entered a nolle prosequi. The record of her arrest was expunged, but Plaintiff claims her information remains in the National Crime Information Computer System.

Nearly one year later, Plaintiff filed this complaint in Bradley Count Circuit Court pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 and the Tennessee Governmental Tort Liability Act (“TGTLA”), Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 29-20-101 et seq. She claims her First, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Eighth, and Fourteenth Amendment rights were violated. She specifically alleges an unreasonable seizure, a violation of due process, and a violation of the Equal Protection Clause. She also claims Officer Jones’ actions constitute malicious prosecution and false imprisonment under state common law. She alleges the DTF was aware its officers, including Officer Jones, were arresting citizens without conducting effective investigations and took no effort to correct their actions. She also alleges the DTF failed to train its officers or maintain constitutionally adequate standards for officer conduct. On March 11, 2013, Defendants removed to this court and filed the instant motion to dismiss.

II. STANDARD OF REVIEW

A Rule 12(b)(6) motion should be granted when it appears “beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief.” Lewis v. ACB Bus. Servs., Inc., 135 F.3d 389, 405 (6th Cir.1998). For purposes of this determination, the Court construes the complaint in the light most favorable to the plaintiff and assumes the veracity of all well-pleaded factual allegations in the complaint. Thurman v. Pfizer, Inc., 484 F.3d 855, 859 (6th Cir.2007). The same deference does not extend to bare assertions of legal conclusions, however, and the court is “not bound to accept as true a legal conclusion couched as a factual allegation.” Papasan v. Allain, 478 U.S. 265, 286, 106 S.Ct. 2932, 92 L.Ed.2d 209 (1986).

The Court next considers whether the factual allegations, if true, would support a claim entitling the plaintiff to relief. [589]*589Thurman, 484 F.3d at 859. Although a complaint need only contain a “short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief,” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 677-78, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009) (quoting Fed. R.Civ.P. 8(a)(2)), this statement must nevertheless contain “factual content that allows the court to draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged,” id. at 678, 129 S.Ct. 1937. “To survive a.motion to dismiss, a complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to ‘state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.’ ” Id. (quoting Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007)). Plausibility as explained by the Court “is not akin to a ‘probability requirement,’ but it asks for more than a sheer possibility that a defendant has acted unlawfully.” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678, 129 S.Ct. 1937 (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 556, 127 S.Ct. 1955). “[W]here the well-pleaded facts do not permit the court to infer more than the mere possibility of misconduct, the complaint has alleged — but it has not ‘show[n]’ — ‘that the pleader is entitled to relief.’ ” Id. at 679, 129 S.Ct. 1937 (quoting Fed.R.Civ.P. 8(a)(2)).

III. DISCUSSION

Plaintiff alleges a violation of her federal rights pursuant to § 1983, and alleges state law claims of malicious prosecution and false imprisonment. The Court will consider Plaintiffs federal claims and state claims separately.

A. Federal Claims

To state a general claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, a plaintiff must “demonstrate that a person acting under color of state law ‘deprived [her] of rights, privileges or immunities secured by the Constitution or laws of the United States.’ ”

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Bluebook (online)
944 F. Supp. 2d 586, 2013 WL 1896968, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 64117, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/lamb-v-tenth-judicial-district-drug-task-force-tned-2013.