LaChance v. United States

15 Cl. Ct. 127, 1988 U.S. Claims LEXIS 112, 1988 WL 66553
CourtUnited States Court of Claims
DecidedJune 29, 1988
DocketNo. 640-87C
StatusPublished
Cited by47 cases

This text of 15 Cl. Ct. 127 (LaChance v. United States) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Court of Claims primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
LaChance v. United States, 15 Cl. Ct. 127, 1988 U.S. Claims LEXIS 112, 1988 WL 66553 (cc 1988).

Opinion

ORDER

MOODY R. TIDWELL, III, Judge:

This action came before this court on defendant’s motion to dismiss the complaint under RUSCC 12(b)(1) for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Defendant sought dismissal of plaintiff’s claims because plaintiff grounded his complaint in noncompensable constitutional provisions and because plaintiff had previously pursued his claim by way of administrative forfeiture. Plaintiff responded to defendant’s motion by asserting that, regardless of the administrative forfeiture process, this court had jurisdiction because the seizure of plaintiff’s property lacked probable cause and was thus in violation of plaintiff’s fourth amendment rights and due process of law.

FACTS

On September 9, 1985, plaintiff, Michel LaChance, attempted to leave the United States for Canada from La Guardia Airport with $49,000 in United States currency. Plaintiff was stopped by an agent of defendant, Drug Enforcement Administration of the United States, and questioned as to the origin of the $49,000. Plaintiff asserted that he had obtained the money from the sale of a horse and from legal gambling winnings at the race track. Plaintiff further identified himself as a professional harness racing driver. Defendant thereafter informed plaintiff that the $49,000 could not be taken out of the country. In response to this information, plaintiff returned to the airport parking lot and placed the $49,000 in the trunk of a borrowed car. Plaintiff then returned to the terminal where he was again approached by agents of defendant and asked the whereabouts of the $49,000 and to show it to them once again. In compliance with their request, plaintiff took defendant’s agents to the terminal parking lot and opened the trunk of the car where the money had been placed. Defendant’s agents then placed the money in a brown paper bag which had been in the trunk of the car, issued plaintiff a receipt, and removed the money to Kennedy Airport for testing. At Kennedy Airport, a narcotics sensitive dog emitted a positive alert toward the bag of money.

Thereafter, by letter dated December 2, 1985, defendant formally notified plaintiff that the $49,000 was seized for violation of 21 U.S.C. § 881 (1982 & Supp. Ill 1985) and that steps were being taken to forfeit the money pursuant to 19 U.S.C. §§ 1607-1618 (1982 & Supp. Ill 1985), 21 C.F.R. § 1316.71-81 (1985) and 28 C.F.R. § 9.1-.7 (1985). Copies of these statutes and regulations, which explained the limitations on plaintiff’s ability to obtain either judicial or [129]*129administrative relief, were provided to plaintiff and accompanied defendant’s letter. On December 7, 1985, plaintiff petitioned defendant for return of the $49,000. By letter dated February 24, 1986, plaintiffs petition was denied. On March 20, 1986, plaintiff requested a reconsideration of the denial of his petition for return of the funds. The request for reconsideration was granted. However, on May 15, 1986, after a reassessment of plaintiffs entire case, defendant affirmed its prior denial of plaintiffs petition.

On or about November 12, 1986, after having exhausted all of the available administrative remedies, plaintiff commenced an action against the United States in the United States District Court, Eastern District of New York, seeking the return of the $49,000. On defendant’s motion, the district court dismissed plaintiff’s complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. The district court did so because plaintiff had previously pursued his claim by way of administrative forfeiture, and such forfeiture, the court found, was not subject to judicial review. LaChance v. Drug Enforcement Admin., 672 F.Supp. 76, 78-80 (E.D.N.Y.1987). Thereafter, plaintiff filed a complaint in this court asserting that this court had jurisdiction because his action was “based on the Constitution” and he sought “recovery of an amount in excess of Ten Thousand ($10,-000.00) Dollars.” Defendant responded with its BUSCC 12(b)(1) motion to dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction.

DISCUSSION

In its motion, defendant contended that this court lacked jurisdiction over plaintiff’s claim because the complaint was based entirely upon noncompensable constitutional provisions and because plaintiff had previously pursued his claim by way of administrative forfeiture. Defendant contended that the constitutional provisions relied upon were not cognizable under the Tucker Act and that the administrative forfeiture procedures were exclusive and not reviewable by the judiciary.

Plaintiff asserted that this court had jurisdiction because plaintiff’s claim was based on a violation of the fourth amendment to the United States Constitution and that his right to due process had been violated because the taking and seizure were without probable cause.

Plaintiff, in his complaint and response, asserted jurisdiction under the Tucker Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1491(a)(1) (1982), which states in relevant part:

The United States Claims Court shall have jurisdiction to render judgment upon any claim against the United States founded either upon the Constitution, or any Act of Congress or any regulation of an executive department, or upon any express or implied contract with the United States, or for liquidated or unliq-uidated damages in cases not sounding in tort.

Plaintiff based his complaint on the Constitution, specifically an unlawful fourth amendment seizure and fifth amendment denial of due process.1 Because the Tucker Act, in and of itself, is insufficient to create any substantive right enforceable against the United States for money damages, United States v. Mitchell, 463 U.S. 206, 216, 103 S.Ct. 2961, 2967, 77 L.Ed.2d 580 (1983); Kelly v. United States, 826 F.2d 1049, 1051 (Fed.Cir.1987); United States v. Connolly, 716 F.2d 882, 885 (Fed. Cir.1983), cert. denied, 465 U.S. 1065, 104 S.Ct. 1414, 79 L.Ed.2d 740 (1984); Best v. United States, 10 Cl.Ct. 213, 215 (1986), the source of law upon which a claim is founded must mandate the payment of money damages by the federal government. Mitchell, 463 U.S. at 218, 103 S.Ct. at 2968; United States v. Testan, 424 U.S. 392, 400, 96 S.Ct. 948, 954, 47 L.Ed.2d 114 (1976); Austin v. United States, 206 Ct.Cl. 719, 723, cert. denied, 423 U.S. 911, 96 S.Ct. 215, 46 L.Ed.2d 140 (1975); Eastport S.S. Corp. v. United States, 178 Ct.Cl. 599, 605-07, 372 F.2d 1002, 1007-09 (1967).

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
15 Cl. Ct. 127, 1988 U.S. Claims LEXIS 112, 1988 WL 66553, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/lachance-v-united-states-cc-1988.