Yokum v. United States

9 Cl. Ct. 602, 1986 U.S. Claims LEXIS 900
CourtUnited States Court of Claims
DecidedFebruary 28, 1986
DocketNo. 322-85L
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 9 Cl. Ct. 602 (Yokum v. United States) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Court of Claims primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Yokum v. United States, 9 Cl. Ct. 602, 1986 U.S. Claims LEXIS 900 (cc 1986).

Opinion

[604]*604ORDER ON DEFENDANT’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT

WHITE, Senior Judge.

Consideration has been given to the defendant’s “Motion To Dismiss,” filed August 28, 1985, to the plaintiffs’ response to the motion, filed October 29, 1985, to the defendant’s reply, filed November 29, 1985, and to a supplemental paper filed by the plaintiffs on December 27, 1985.

As both parties have submitted material of an evidentiary nature in support of their respective positions, it is necessary to consider the defendant’s motion as one for summary judgment. In this connection, it should be noted that, under RUSCC 56(c), a summary judgment can be granted by the court if—and only if—the material submitted to the court shows that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact between the parties, and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.

The complaint presents two separate, but related, claims for the consideration of the court. One might be called “the storage claim,” and the other might be referred to as “the conversion claim.” These claims will be discussed separately in connection with the defendant’s pending motion for summary judgment.

I. The Storage Claim

Introduction

The undisputed facts relating to the storage claim are few in number, and they will be summarized in the next three paragraphs of the order.

The plaintiffs, Woodrow Yokum and Wanda Yokum, are husband and wife; and they are the owners of certain real estate located in Beverly District, Randolph County, West Virginia (this real estate will usually be referred to hereafter in the order as “the Yokum farm”).

On or about February 10, 1967, federal officers went on the Yokum farm and, after serving search warrants, the officers seized a number of items of personal property that were located on the farm. Among the seized items were 15 pieces of heavy equipment, including an International Gradeall, that were located in open fields on the farm. The federal officers tagged these pieces of heavy equipment with seizure notices and left them in the open fields. Other seized items were located in a barn on the Yokum farm. The barn was padlocked by the federal officers, and a seizure notice was affixed to the barn.

Until May 1984, the 15 pieces of heavy equipment, with seizure notices attached, remained in the open fields on the Yokum farm, and other seized items remained in the padlocked Yokum barn, with a seizure notice affixed to the barn. Finally, in May 1984, federal personnel removed all the seized property from the Yokum farm, with the permission of the Yokums.

The plaintiffs seek to recover $124,682 for the open storage of the 15 pieces of heavy equipment and $20,400 for the use of the barn.

Previous Litigation

The present case is the latest aspect of a long chain of interrelated litigation.

The search warrants mentioned in the present complaint were served at the time of plaintiff Woodrow Yokum’s arrest for alleged violations of federal law. Later, Mr. Yokum was convicted on August 5, 1968, in the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia: on six counts charging him with interstate transportation of stolen motor vehicles, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2312 (1964); on three counts charging him with having sold government-owned property, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 641 (1964); and on one count charging him with having knowingly transported in interstate commerce stolen property with a value of more than $5,000, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2314 (1964).

On appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, the appellate court reversed the conviction as to one count involving the alleged sale of government-owned property, but affirmed the conviction as to the nine other counts. United States v. Yokum, 417 F.2d 253 (4th Cir.1969), [605]*605cert. denied, 397 U.S. 907, 90 S.Ct. 902, 25 L.Ed.2d 87 (1970), reh’g denied, 397 U.S. 1030, 90 S.Ct. 1256, 25 L.Ed.2d 543 (1970).

Woodrow Yokum subsequently filed a civil action, No. 73-105-E, in the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia, asking for the return of the seized property or, in the alternative, for $400,000 as representing the alleged value of the property. The complaint was dismissed by the District Court, on the ground that it did not have jurisdiction over the action because the claim against the United States was for an amount in excess of $10,000.

On January 2, 1975, Woodrow Yokum instituted an action in this court’s predecessor, the United States Court of Claims, seeking to recover the sum of $400,000, alleged to be the reasonable value of the seized property, to which Mr. Yokum claimed ownership and which he alleged was taken from him by the defendant during the months of February and March 1967. The defendant filed a motion for summary judgment, based on the ground that, as the alleged taking occurred not later than March 1967, the plaintiff’s claim was barred by the 6-year statute of limitations (28 U.S.C. § 2501) in 1973. In an order dated November 21, 1975, the Court of Claims held that the plaintiff’s action was barred by the 6-year statute of limitations, granted the defendant’s motion for summary judgment, and dismissed the plaintiff’s petition (now complaint). Woodrow Yokum, 208 Ct.Cl. 972, 529 F.2d 532 (1975), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 820, 97 S.Ct. 67, 50 L.Ed.2d 80 (1976).

In the meantime, the Yokum farm was transferred by the Yokums to Sherri L. Riggleman, their daughter, by deed dated December 23, 1968, subject to a life estate retained by Wanda Yokum. On April 19, 1973, Wanda Yokum released her life estate to Sherri L. Riggleman.

On January 2, 1975, Sherri L. Riggleman and her husband, Fred L. Riggleman, sued the United States in the Court of Claims, seeking compensation for the storage of the seized property on the Yokum farm. The United States filed a motion for summary judgment. In an order dated September 29, 1977, the Court of Claims granted the Government’s motion for summary judgment and dismissed the complaint. Fred L. Riggleman and Sherri L. Riggleman, 215 Ct.Cl. 865, 566 F.2d 1190 (1977). With respect to the period between December 23, 1968 (the date on which the Yokum farm was transferred to Sherri L. Riggleman by the Yokums) and April 19, 1973 (the date on which Wanda Yokum released her life estate to Sherri L. Riggleman), the court held (at 867-68) that Sherri L. Riggleman, as a holder of a remainder interest, was not entitled to any compensation for the use of the Yokum farm, but only to compensation for any waste or damage to the property, and that there was no allegation in the complaint concerning waste or damage. As for the use of the Yokum farm after April 19, 1973 (the date on which Wanda Yokum released her life estate to Sherri L.

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Bluebook (online)
9 Cl. Ct. 602, 1986 U.S. Claims LEXIS 900, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/yokum-v-united-states-cc-1986.