Krass v. Arkansas Department of Human Services

306 S.W.3d 14, 2009 Ark. App. 245, 2009 Ark. App. LEXIS 303

• Court: Court of Appeals of Arkansas
• Decided: April 8, 2009
• Docket: CA 08-1005
• Status: Published

Opinions

JOHN MAUZY PITTMAN, Judge.

| ]This is an appeal from an order terminating appellant’s parental rights to two minor children, C.K. and D.K. Appellant’s attorney has filed a motion to be relieved as counsel pursuant to Linker-Flores v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 359 Ark. 131, 194 S.W.3d 739 (2004), asserting that there are no issues of arguable merit to support the appeal. Counsel’s motion was accompanied by a brief listing all adverse rulings made at the termination hearing and explaining why there is no meritorious ground for reversal to each ruling, including a discussion of the sufficiency of the evidence to support the termination order. See Lewis v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 364 Ark. 243, 217 S.W.3d 788 (2005); see also Ark. Sup. Ct. R. 6—9(i)(l), In re Rules of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals, Rules 6-9 and 6-10, 374 Ark. Appx. 576, (2008). The clerk of this court sent a copy | ¡¡of counsel’s brief and motion to appellant, informing her that she had the right to file pro se points for reversal. Appellant did not submit any pro se points.

The children were taken into protective custody on November 28, 2006. The petition for emergency custody was based on an attached affidavit. The affidavit stated that the family service worker was called to the Krass residence in Hot Springs on November 28, 2006. Living in the home were the mother, April Krass; the father, James Krass II; seven-year-old D.K., who is the son of April and James Krass II; and twelve-year-old C.K., the daughter of April Krass. The affidavit continued as follows:

The worker questioned C.K. about alleged sexual improprieties inflicted on her by her step-father, James Krass II. The girl told the worker that her stepfather had been performing both oral and digital penetration of her vagina since she was eight years of age on a regular basis. The last time this alleged abuse took place was on November 24, 2006, while her mother was out of the house. April Krass told the worker that C.K. had informed her of her step-father’s sexual activity with her on or about the 24th of November. She said that she intended to have the child seen by a doctor to confirm the sexual abuse, but that it was around the Thanksgiving holiday and that she had been unable to secure a doctor’s appointment. When asked why the child was not taken to an emergency room, the mother responded that this idea did not occur to her. While at the home, the worker came to the conclusion that the children were in imminent danger of serious injury and for their health, safety, and welfare, took both of them into custody.

After determining that there was probable cause to support these allegations and to support the emergency removal of the children, the trial court held an adjudication hearing on January 10, 2007, where it was found that removal was in fact caused by the emergency | described in the petition, that the emergency continued to exist, and that it was in the best interest of the children to remain in foster care. No appeal was taken from that order.

A case plan was developed that required April and James Krass II to submit to psychological testing and counseling, and to participate in counseling and therapy. James Krass II was uncooperative. Despite the unappealed finding of sexual abuse, he denied that such abuse had occurred and refused to participate in counseling, complete parenting and anger management classes, submit to random drug testing when requested, maintain meaningful contact with the children, or pay child support pursuant to the court’s order. April Krass partially complied with the order and obtained psychological testing, individual counseling, and family counseling during supervised visitation with the children. Although the fact of abuse had been founded and was not appealed from, psychological examination showed that April Krass was convinced that the accusations of sexual abuse were unfounded; she was “dogmatically supportive” of her husband and showed no desire to understand or sympathize with her daughter, who she believed was maliciously lying. Because April Krass was completely closed to believing that her husband had in fact committed the abuse, and because she committed a breach of trust by surreptitiously making an audiotape of a counseling session, individual therapy was terminated in July 2007. Group therapy was also terminated because April Krass’s persistent refusal or inability to empathize with her daughter by even considering the possibility that she was telling the truth was causing the b child additional harm and distress. Consequently, more than one year after the children had been removed, a petition to terminate parental rights was filed alleging that April Krass had failed to remedy the condition causing removal, i e., her failure to protect her daughter from sexual abuse.

At the termination hearing, the evidence showed that, because they had offered statements regarding the facts of the abuse, both of the children feared that they would be abused or harmed by the noncompliant James Krass II were they to be returned to the home. Efforts to reconcile April Krass with her daughter were utterly unsuccessful. At the request of and in the presence of a counselor, C.K. again confronted her mother with the details of the abuse. She expressed her hurt at her mother’s indifference when C.K. first told her that she had been abused and pled with her mother to understand and be supportive. Despite her daughter’s pleas and tears, April Krass displayed a very flat affect, showing no emotion. Although the counselor explained that, even if April Krass did not believe the abuse occurred it was crucial that she remain emotionally available and supportive, April Krass showed no concern for her daughter’s distress. Despite their traumatization, both children have made great strides in therapy and are very adoptable. C.K. displayed courage and insight beyond her years by showing empathy for her abuser. There is every reason to believe that these children will benefit greatly from being placed in a loving home.

15There was overwhelming evidence that April Krass had failed to rectify the conditions causing removal. By her own testimony at the hearing, April Krass intended to continue exposing the children to James Krass II without regard to the fears or safety of the children because she was dependent upon him for transportation, although she had never asked the Department for transportation assistance, and despite having been told by a caseworker that continued contact with the named offender would make reunification impossible. And, although April Krass testified at the hearing that she was separated from the abuser and was beginning, possibly, to believe that some form of sexual abuse might have taken place, these were last-minute developments that occurred at the time the case goal was changed from reunification to termination of parental rights.

In light of the foregoing, we hold that any appeal from the order of termination would be frivolous. At best, appellant demonstrated that she possibly made some partial, last-minute progress toward rectifying the condition causing removal. However, evidence of last-minute progress provides no grounds for reversal. In Trout v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 359 Ark. 283, 197 S.W.3d 486 (2004) (reversing Trout v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 84 Ark.App. 446, 146 S.W.3d 895 (2004)), and Camarillo-Cox v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 360 Ark. 340, 201 S.W.3d 391(2005) (reversing Camarillo-Cox v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 87 Ark.App. 35, 185 S.W.3d 133 (2004)), the Arkansas Supreme Court overturned reversals of | (¡termination proceedings by this court on the grounds that evidence of such eleventh-hour improvement need not be credited by the trial court and will not be held to outweigh evidence of prior failure or noncompliance. It is noteworthy that both of the above-cited cases involved last-minute separations by mothers from child abusers.

Furthermore, it cannot reasonably be argued that the services offered by the Department to reunite appellant with her children were inadequate. Instead, it is clear that these efforts simply could not prevail in the face of appellant’s unwillingness or inability to consider that her husband had sexually abused her daughter. Given appellant’s destruction of the therapist-patient relationship by attempting to make secret audiotapes of the sessions, her unrelenting and dogmatic refusal during therapy to so much as consider the possi- . bility that her daughter was not lying about the sexual abuse, and the uncontra-dicted evidence that the rejection exemplified by her refusal or inability to empathize was causing her daughter additional emotional harm, it is incontestable that appellant was resistant to therapy and that no further treatment would have been effective; appellant responded only to the threat of imminent termination of her parental rights more than one year after the children had been removed from her home.

Nor do the evidentiary rulings decided contrary to appellant provide any arguable grounds for appeal. All of the contested evidence, including the taped interview of D.K., was offered in an attempt to cast doubt on the trial court’s finding in the adjudication order 17th at sexual abuse occurred, or to show that the evidence was sufficiently dubious that appellant was reasonably justified in refusing to consider that it might in fact have taken place. However, it is elementary that, in termination cases, a challenge to the finding of abuse must be made, if at all, in an appeal from the adjudication hearing. Dowdy v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 2009 Ark.App. 180, — S.W.3d -; see Ark. R.App. P. — Civ. 2(c)(3)(A). The law is crystal clear that we are precluded in this appeal from reviewing adverse rulings from the adjudication, review, or permanency-planning hearings. Lewis v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 364 Ark. 243, 217 S.W.3d 788 (2005). For purposes of this appeal, the fact of sexual abuse is conclusively established.¹ No rational person could argue otherwise.

Furthermore, it is irrelevant whether April Krass acted reasonably² in choosing to believe her husband rather than her daughter. It was established by expert testimony — and this is no more than common sense to any parent — that it was not necessary for April Krass to believe her daughter, but that it was essential that she show the child love and concern | sand remain emotionally available to her in light of her obvious and profound distress. This April Krass manifestly failed to do. Instead, her withdrawal of support, icy demeanor, and dogmatic adherence to her belief in her husband’s denials were acts of abandonment that caused her daughter additional and incalculable harm. That she continued in this rigid adherence to her husband’s excuses after the fact of sexual abuse had been established at the adjudication hearing, and corroborated by her husband’s angry refusal to participate in. any of the reunification services, demonstrates the depth of her own need and the extent to which she put her own desires ahead of the welfare of her children. The evidence most favorable to April Krass, given by a social worker who continued to work with her throughout the process, was that she needed to accept the seriousness of the abuse and the need to protect her children from the abuser, and that, while she had begun to make some progress toward that goal at the time of the permanency planning hearing, she was not yet ready to assume her parental responsibility and needed more time to do so. But such last-minute progress is commonplace in termination cases, and any appeal based on evidence of such progress would be unavailing. Trout v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, supra.

Based on our examination of the record and the brief presented to us, we find that counsel has complied with the requirements established by the Arkansas Supreme Court for no-merit motions in termination cases, and we hold that the appeal is wholly without merit. [¡^Accordingly, we grant counsel’s motion to withdraw and affirm the order terminating appellant’s parental rights.

Affirmed.

GLADWIN, HENRY, and BROWN, JJ., agree. HART and BAKER, JJ., dissent.

1 . Evidence intended to cast doubt on the fact of abuse could have no relevance to the issues before the court at the termination hearing, i.e., whether April Krass had remedied the conditions causing removal. Only evidence material to the issues on appeal need be included in the abstract and addendum. Ark. Sup. Ct. R. 6 — 9(e)(2)(C).

2 . Her steadfast refusal to accept the possibility that abuse could have occurred was based chiefly on the lack of forensic evidence. We note in this regard that appellant failed, when her daughter reported the abuse to her, to take any action that would provide such evidence, such as taking the child to a doctor’s office or emergency room.