Ivory v. Southwest Developmental Center

980 So. 2d 108, 7 La.App. 3 Cir. 1201, 2008 La. App. LEXIS 309, 2008 WL 585114
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedMarch 5, 2008
Docket2007-1201
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 980 So. 2d 108 (Ivory v. Southwest Developmental Center) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Ivory v. Southwest Developmental Center, 980 So. 2d 108, 7 La.App. 3 Cir. 1201, 2008 La. App. LEXIS 309, 2008 WL 585114 (La. Ct. App. 2008).

Opinion

980 So.2d 108 (2008)

Wanetta IVORY
v.
SOUTHWEST DEVELOPMENTAL CENTER.

No. 2007-1201.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

March 5, 2008.
Rehearing Denied April 30, 2008.

*110 Wayne J. Fontana, Christopher M. McNabb, Fontana, Seelman & Landry, *111 LLP, New Orleans, LA, for Louisiana Association of Self-Insured Employers (LASIE), Amicus Curiae.

Michael B. Miller, Crowley, LA, for Plaintiff/Appellee, Wanetta Ivory.

Sylvia M. Fordice, Assistant Attorney General, Lafayette, LA, for Defendant/Appellant, Southwest Developmental Center.

Court composed of OSWALD A. DECUIR, JIMMIE C. PETERS, and MARC T. AMY, Judges.

AMY, Judge.

In this workers' compensation dispute, the claimant's employer appeals the workers' compensation judge's determination that the claimant was paid on an hourly basis. Further, the employer argues that the workers' compensation judge erred in calculating the weekly compensation rate. The employer also questions the amount of penalties and attorney fees awarded. For the following reasons, we reverse in part, affirm as amended in part, and render. Additional attorney fees are awarded for work performed on appeal pursuant to the claimant's answer.

Factual and Procedural Background

The record indicates that the claimant, Wanetta Ivory (Ivory), began working for the defendant, Southwest Developmental Center (Southwest), on July 8, 2002 as a resident training specialist trainee. On January 23, 2003, Ivory was injured while in the course and scope of her employment. On November 17, 2003, Ivory filed a disputed claim for compensation form in which she claimed that she was not paid workers' compensation benefits at the correct rate; that she was "not paid weekly comp at all times"; that Southwest violated La.R.S. 23:1127; and that she was entitled to penalties and attorney fees. In an amended disputed claim form, Ivory also alleged that Southwest failed to reinstate workers' compensation benefits and that she did not receive proper vocational rehabilitation. Ivory sought legal interest on all amounts due.

Following a hearing on April 26, 2007, the workers' compensation judge ordered that Southwest pay Ivory "weekly compensation benefits in the amount of $191.67 per week, beginning January 24, 2003, subject to a credit for all weekly compensation benefits previously paid by defendant." Southwest was also ordered to pay:

a $2,000.00 penalty for failure to properly calculate WANETTA IVORY's average weekly wage, a $2,000.00 penalty for failure to restart workers' compensation benefits, a[sic] $1,650.00 for late payment of weekly compensation benefits and attorney fees in the amount of $10,000.00, all amounts to bear interest at the legal rate.

Southwest now appeals, asserting the following assignments of error:

1. The workers' compensation court committed manifest error in finding the claimant's weekly compensation rate is $191.67, as the evidence does not support such a finding.
2. The workers' compensation court committed manifest error in awarding the claimant $5,650.00 in penalties.
3. The workers' compensation court committed manifest error in awarding the claimant $10,000.00 in attorney fees.

Ivory answered the appeal, seeking additional attorney fees for work performed on appeal.[1]

*112 Discussion

Hourly Versus Annual Wages

Southwest argues that the workers' compensation judge erred in finding that Ivory is an hourly employee. According to Southwest, Ivory is not paid on an hourly basis but is employed full-time at an annual base salary of $13,561.60. Southwest notes that Ivory works 2,080 hours a year or fifty-two forty hour work weeks a year. It asserts that she is paid a bi-weekly salary of $521.60.[2] Southwest argues that "all 2,080 hours of compensation would include compensation for hours actually worked, sick leave, annual leave, holiday pay, and special pay. An employee could conceivably fall below 2,080 hours of compensation only if the claimant has not accrued sufficient leave balances to take either sick leave or annual leave." In sum, Southwest argues that "[t]his court should conclude that the pay structure as utilized by [Southwest] in this case is synonymous to an annual salary since the fringe benefits, which are paid absences in this case, have been included in the claimant's bi-weekly pay for 80 hours."

Conversely, Ivory avers that she is an hourly employee, and Southwest admitted in its answers to interrogatories that she was paid $6.52 per hour. According to Ivory, if she "was being paid on an annual salary, her pay checks should have been the same for each pay period[,]" which she contends they were not.

Louisiana Revised Statutes 23:1021 provides in pertinent part:

(12) "Wages" means average weekly wage at the time of the accident. The average weekly wage shall be determined as:
(a) Hourly wages.
(i) If the employee is paid on an hourly basis and the employee is employed for forty hours or more, his hourly wage rate multiplied by the average actual hours worked in the four full weeks preceding the date of the accident or forty hours, whichever is greater[.]
. . . .
(c) Annual wages. If the employee is employed at an annual salary, his annual salary divided by fifty-two.

In her oral reasons for ruling, the workers' compensation judge explained:

I do find that Ms. Ivory is, essentially, an hourly employee. And the reason for that is everything is broken down into hours, and while you can extrapolate from that, at the end of the day a State employee is paid for two thousand eighty hours per year as opposed to an annual salary, which, I believe, is actually a salary that an employee is paid regardless of the number of hours worked. You are paid this salary to perform this job on a yearly basis. So I do make that finding that Ms. Ivory was an hourly employee.
And I gave y'all another case that I had worked on recently which made the distinction and noted the distinctions made in the case law about the difference between an hourly employee versus an annual employee. The hourly employee and, I believe I found in this [sic] other cases, the salaried employee are both entitled to have their annual leave and sick leave calculated as a fringe benefit. I had made a distinction based on the Moses versus Grambling [State Univ., 33,185 (La.App. 2 Cir. 5/15/00), *113 762 So.2d 191] case which was referred to in the Burns versus St. Frances Cabrini Hospital case, Third Circuit case at [2002-518 (La.App. 3 Cir. 10/30/02),] 830 So.2d 572 that the distinction between a salaried employee and an hourly employee make a difference when it comes to holiday pay. But having found that Ms. Ivory was an hourly worker, that distinction would not apply.

"Whether or not plaintiff is an hourly employee involves a factual determination which is subject to the manifest error standard of review." Ryder v. Garan's Inc., 98-192, p. 4 (La.App. 3 Cir. 6/3/98), 716 So.2d 55, 57, writ denied, 98-1814 (La.10/30/98), 727 So.2d 1162. After reviewing the record, we find no manifest error in the workers' compensation judge's determination that Ivory was an hourly employee.

Here, Ivory was paid on a bi-weekly basis, but her pay varied as she occasionally worked overtime.

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Bluebook (online)
980 So. 2d 108, 7 La.App. 3 Cir. 1201, 2008 La. App. LEXIS 309, 2008 WL 585114, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ivory-v-southwest-developmental-center-lactapp-2008.