In Re Marriage of Muhammad

108 P.3d 779
CourtWashington Supreme Court
DecidedMarch 24, 2005
Docket75061-1
StatusPublished
Cited by131 cases

This text of 108 P.3d 779 (In Re Marriage of Muhammad) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Washington Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re Marriage of Muhammad, 108 P.3d 779 (Wash. 2005).

Opinion

108 P.3d 779 (2005)
153 Wash.2d 795

In the Matter of the MARRIAGE OF Dawud A. MUHAMMAD, Respondent, and
Cherry Muhammad, Petitioner.

No. 75061-1.

Supreme Court of Washington, En Banc.

Argued October 28, 2004.
Decided March 24, 2005.

Patricia S. Novotny, Sara Lyle Ainsworth, Northwest Womens Law Center, Brendan Finucane Patrick, Seattle, for Petitioner.

Leslie Orville Stomsvik, Tacoma, for Respondent.

Narda D. Pierce, Olympia, for Amicus Curiae (Attorney General).

Jennie Rebecca Laird, Seattle Divorce Services, Seattle, for Amicus Curiae (Columbia Legal Services).

Raegen Nicole Rasnic, Seattle, for Amicus Curiae (Domestic Violence Legal Empowerment and Appeals Project et al).

Eleanor H. Smith, David B. Byrd, Zuckerman, Spaeder, LLP, Washington, DC, for Amicus Curiae (Domestic Violence Legal Empowerment and Appeals Project et al).

Patricia E. Kahn, Green & Yalowitz, Seattle, for Amicus Curiae (Northwest Womens Law Center).

Judith Anne Redford-Hall, Tumwater, for Amicus Curiae (The Battered Women's Justice Project of the Pennsylvania ... and The Nat'l Assn of Women Lawyers Domestic Violence Report).

*780 OWENS, J.

¶ 1 This case concerns the property division that occurred during the dissolution of the marriage of petitioner Cherry Gilbert, formerly known as Cherry Muhammad (Gilbert) and respondent Dawud Muhammad (Muhammad). Unfortunately, it appears the trial court considered marital fault in distributing the parties' property, disfavoring Gilbert because she obtained an order of protection against Muhammad based on charges of domestic violence. Division Two of the Court of Appeals affirmed the trial court's distribution of the parties' assets and liabilities, finding that there was no improper consideration of fault. In re Marriage of Muhammad, *781 119 Wash.App. 166, 174, 79 P.3d 483 (2003). Because we hold that fault was considered, and that such considerations constitute an abuse of discretion, we reverse and remand for a new trial on the issue of the property division and instruct the Pierce County Superior Court to assign a new trial judge for the rehearing of the case.

FACTS

¶ 2 Gilbert and Muhammad lived together continuously as unmarried cohabitants from December 1994 to August 1996 (approximately 20 months), at which point they became married. The parties separated on April 3, 2001, and dissolved their marriage on April 5, 2002. During the period from the parties' initial cohabitation until just prior to the dissolution, Muhammad was employed as a deputy sheriff in King County. Gilbert was employed by Albertson's and Pierce County Transit during the same period.

¶ 3 On the date of separation, events occurred that would, unfortunately, later become intertwined with the property distribution in the parties' marriage dissolution. On the afternoon of April 3, 2001, Muhammad engaged Gilbert and her sister in argument. The police were dispatched based on allegations that Muhammad pointed a weapon at the two women and threatened them. Though he denied brandishing a weapon or making the threats, Muhammad was arrested and charged with two counts each of domestic violence harassment and intimidation with a deadly weapon. Based on the domestic violence allegations, Gilbert obtained an order of protection in Pierce County Superior Court on November 16, 2001. As part of the trial court's order, Muhammad was barred from owning or possessing a firearm in any capacity. For Muhammad, the consequences of having the firearm prohibition placed in the trial court's order of protection included losing his job as a deputy sheriff.

¶ 4 Subsequent to the order of protection, the dissolution proceeded in a separate trial court, which was responsible for distributing the parties' assets and liabilities. The assets at issue were generally limited to the following: (1) Muhammad's pension valued at approximately $38,400, (2) Gilbert's Albertson's and Pierce County Transit pensions totaling approximately $7,625, (3) two cars, (4) a tax refund, (5) four savings bonds, (6) personal property, and (7) a house that was in foreclosure proceedings. Clerk's Papers (CP) at 13-14. Approximately $8,200 of Muhammad's $38,400 pension was accumulated during the 20-month premarriage cohabitation of the parties.[1] The parties' liabilities included: (1) first and second mortgages on the home totaling $155,500, (2) $1,232 in property taxes, (3) phone bills in excess of $4,000, (4) credit account debt of approximately $4,575, and (5) debt owing on the parties' two cars.

¶ 5 The trial court appears to have divided the assets evenly with one important exception: Muhammad and Gilbert were each awarded their undivided pensions, valued at $38,400 and $7,625, respectively. In the findings of fact, the trial court stated that if the pensions were to have been evenly divided, each party would have received approximately $21,400, which meant that under the court's division Muhammad was receiving $8,800 more, and Gilbert $8,800 less, than 50 percent.[2] Despite recognizing the disparity, the trial court awarded the pension benefits as they were held by the parties. The trial court also declined to divide the approximately $8,200 of Muhammad's pension earned during the 20-month meretricious relationship but instead awarded it entirely to Muhammad *782 on the grounds that the amount was "minimal." CP at 19.

¶ 6 In ruling from the bench, the trial court remarked extensively on the relationship between Muhammad's unemployment and Gilbert's decision to obtain a protective order. These remarks include the following excerpts:

In one sense I do think that Mrs. Muhammad has sought to punish Mr. Muhammad and that's not to say that he didn't bring a considerable amount of this on himself by at least some level of his own activities....
....
I think what's probably most troubling here in regard to how you try to resolve the rather minimal property issues that we have is the protection order problem. She had to know or at least should have known or should have been told that if she proceeded with this protection order, that he was not going to have a job and he wasn't going to have an income and he wasn't going to be able to pay his debts, let alone the mortgage payments.
Now, from her side of the fence obviously that's a catch 22 because she felt she needed the protection order, and if she felt she really needed the protection order, then she had to proceed with that. But then I think if that's the situation, she has to recognize the consequences and you can't just ignore the fact that there are consequences. Fairly substantial consequences. Those consequences have been taken into consideration in terms of trying to make the distribution somewhat equitable.

Verbatim Report of Proceedings (VRP) (Jan. 24, 2002) at 2-4 (emphasis added). In assigning liability to the parties for the two mortgages on the home purchased by Muhammad before the marriage, the trial court went on to engage in the following colloquy with counsel:

[THE COURT:] I'm going to obviously make him hold her harmless for at least half of that [mortgage] debt. But I'm not going to make him hold her harmless for the whole thing because this relates to what I'm talking about in the sense of she was in a bit of a catch 22 on this — in this order, protection order but

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Bluebook (online)
108 P.3d 779, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-marriage-of-muhammad-wash-2005.