In re L.E.B.

610 S.E.2d 424, 169 N.C. App. 375, 2005 N.C. App. LEXIS 598
Court of Appeals of North Carolina·Decided April 5, 2005·No. No. COA04-463·Published·Cited by 56 cases

Opinions

TYSON, Judge.

Cora M. Brown (“respondent-mother”) appeals the trial court’s order terminating her parental rights over her children L.E.B. and K.T.B. (collectively, “the minors”). We reverse and remand for a new hearing.

I. Background

Respondent-mother and Larry E. Brown (“respondent-father”), (collectively, “respondents”), are the parents of L.E.B. and K.T.B.

A. Minor L.E.B.

L.E.B. was born on 8 December 1991 with a cleft palate and congenital heart defect. The New Hanover County Department of Social Services (“DSS”) provided respondents with in-home services to help care for L.E.B.’s medical needs. By February 1992, L.E.B. required hospitalization due to weight loss and “failing to thrive.” L.E.B. recovered under hospital care and returned home. However, he again became sick. On 11 March 1992, DSS received nonsecure custody of L.E.B. following'its petition to the trial court. On 26 March 1992, the trial court conducted a hearing to consider DSS’s petition to adjudicate L.E.B. neglected and dependent. The trial court found: (1) respondent-mother was mentally limited, intellectually challenged, and did not understand the level of care L.E.B. required; and (2) respondent-father abuses alcohol. The trial court concluded as a matter of law that L.E.B. was neglected and ordered that: (1) DSS place L.E.B. in foster care; (2) respondents obtain safe and adequate housing; (3) respondent-father submit to substance abuse treatment; and (4) respondents undergo psychological evaluations. Reunification efforts between DSS and respondents tended to show that L.E.B. failed to receive adequate care at respondents’ home.

B. Minor K.T.B.

K.T.B. was born on 8 January 1994 with a heart murmur, a defective heart valve, and velo-cardio facial syndrome. On 25 January 1994, [377] DSS filed a petition with the trial court alleging she was a neglected and dependent child based on the adjudication of her brother, L.E.B. The trial court concluded as a matter of law: (1) K.T.B. was dependent and neglected under N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7A-517; (2) her best interests would be served by DSS receiving legal custody; and (3) respondents would maintain physical custody with close supervision by DSS.

Upon review in November 1994, the trial court found that respondents were not meeting the needs of K.T.B. on a regular, consistent, and adequate basis. DSS was granted legal and physical custody of K.T.B. The trial court also ordered reunification efforts to continue between respondents and both minors.

C. Minors L.E.B. and K.T.B.

Review orders were entered on June 1995, June 1996, June 1998, June 1999, January 2000, August 2000, and February 2001. After each review, the trial court ordered the minors to remain in foster care and respondents to continue visitation. The final order dated 1 February 2001 ordered DSS to pursue terminating respondents’ parental rights.

In accordance with the 1 February 2001 order, DSS petitioned the trial court on 22 January 2002 to terminate respondents’ parental rights to the minors. Hearings were held in February and March 2003.

On 26 September 2003, over 180 days after the hearings, the trial court entered its termination and adjudication order. It concluded as matters of law that: (1) “respondents willfully left the children in foster care for more than 12 months without showing or making reasonable progress in correcting the conditions that led to the removal of the children;” (2) “the children are neglected children and that further conditions of neglect continue to persist such that the children would again be neglected were they returned to the home of their parents;” and (3) “it is in the best interests of the [minors] that the parental rights of [respondents] be terminated.” The trial court ordered respondents’ parental rights terminated to both children. Respondent-mother appeals. Respondent-father did not appeal.

II. Issues

The issues on appeal are whether: (1) the trial court erred by failing to enter a signed order terminating respondent-mother’s parental rights within thirty days of the hearing as required by N.C. [378] Gen. Stat. § 7B-1109(e) and § 7B-1110(a); and (2) clear, cogent, and convincing evidence supported the trial court’s findings of neglect and respondent-mother’s failure to make reasonable progress towards reunification.

III. N.C. Gen. Stat. $ 7B-1109 and § 7B-1110

Respondent-mother argues the trial court erred in terminating her parental rights over the minors by failing to comply with the time limitations imposed by N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1109(e) and § 7B-1110(a). We agree.

N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1109 outlines the process and procedure concerning the adjudication of a termination of parental rights hearing. It provides in part, “[t]he adjudicatory order shall be reduced to writing, signed, and entered no later than 30 days following the completion of the termination of parental rights hearing.” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1109(e) (2003) (emphasis supplied).

Following the trial court’s adjudication:

Should the court determine that any one or more of the conditions authorizing a termination of parental rights of a parent exist, the court shall issue an order terminating the parental rights of such parent.... Any order shall be reduced to writing, signed, and entered no later than 30 days following the completion of the termination of parental rights hearing.

N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1110(a) (2003) (emphasis supplied). “This Court has held that use of the language ‘shall’ is a mandate to trial judges, and that failure to comply with the statutory mandate is reversible error.” In re Eades, 143 N.C. App. 712, 713, 547 S.E.2d 146, 147 (2001) (citations omitted).

The termination of parental rights hearing for respondents was held on 17 February 2003, 18 February 2003, 26 February 2003, and 19 March 2003. The subsequent adjudication and disposition order terminating respondents’ parental rights was reduced to writing, signed, and entered on 18 September 2003, more than 180 days later. This late entry is a clear and egregious violation of both N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-1109(e), N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1110(a), and this Court’s well-established interpretation of the General Assembly’s use of the word “shall.” Id. at 713, 547 S.E.2d at 147.

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In re L.E.B., 610 S.E.2d 424, 169 N.C. App. 375, 2005 N.C. App. LEXIS 598 (N.C. Ct. App. 2005).

610 S.E.2d 424 (In re L.E.B.) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

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