Hungry Wolf/Sugar & Spice, Inc. v. Langdeau

791 S.E.2d 850, 338 Ga. App. 750, 2016 Ga. App. LEXIS 540
CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia
DecidedSeptember 29, 2016
DocketA16A1442
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 791 S.E.2d 850 (Hungry Wolf/Sugar & Spice, Inc. v. Langdeau) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Hungry Wolf/Sugar & Spice, Inc. v. Langdeau, 791 S.E.2d 850, 338 Ga. App. 750, 2016 Ga. App. LEXIS 540 (Ga. Ct. App. 2016).

Opinion

Peterson, Judge.

Richard Langdeau, Jr., and Ashley Langdeau (the “Langdeaus”) filed suit against Hungry Wolf/Sugar & Spice (“Hungry Wolf”), alleging that Hungry Wolf was vicariously liable for the tortious actions of its alleged employee, and that it negligently hired and retained the employee. The trial court denied Hungry Wolf’s motion for summary judgment, concluding that a police report submitted by the Langdeaus created a question of fact as to whether the tortfeasor was employed by Hungry Wolf. We granted Hungry Wolf’s application for interlocutory review. On appeal, Hungry Wolf argues that (1) the Langdeaus did not present any evidence or point to record facts creating a genuine issue of material fact, (2) the trial court erred in considering the police report because it was not certified or authenticated, and (3) as a result, it was entitled to summary judgment because no questions of material fact existed. In determining that the incident report was admissible evidence, however, the trial court addressed only Hungry Wolf’s hearsay argument and did not evaluate whether the report had been authenticated. Because the authentication issue must be addressed by the trial court in the first instance, we vacate and remand for further proceedings.

Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the Langdeaus,1 as the nonmovants, the record evidence shows that Robbie Colbert shot a gun outside of Hungry Wolf, a restaurant and bar, and a bullet ricocheted and hit Richard Langdeau, Jr., in the back. Colbert had frequently worked as a cook and D J at Hungry Wolf, and was working on the night Richard Langdeau was shot.

[751]*751Hungry Wolf submitted affidavits stating that Colbert was not a Hungry Wolf employee; he had been hired by Hungry Wolf’s performers to DJ and cook, but not to provide security services; and Hungry Wolf did not supervise, train, or direct Colbert in any way. Relying on these affidavits, Hungry Wolf moved for summary judgment and argued that, because Colbert was not its employee, the Langdeaus’ claims failed. In their response to Hungry Wolf’s summary judgment motion, the Langdeaus submitted a police officer’s incident report in which the officer stated that he watched surveillance video showing Colbert working as a bouncer as he became involved in a large fight. The officer also stated that the video showed Colbert walking into an office at Hungry Wolf, coming out of the office with a gun, and then firing one shot out of the front door before firing five more rounds after he went outside.

The trial court held a hearing on Hungry Wolf’s summary judgment motion, but the transcript of the hearing is not included in the appellate record. Following that hearing, Hungry Wolf filed a brief arguing that the narrative portion of the police report was inadmissible as a business record and the report itself was inadmissible because it had not been certified or authenticated. The trial court found that the police report fell within the public records hearsay exception under OCGA § 24-8-803(8)2 and denied Hungry Wolf’s motion for summary judgment because the police officer’s statements based on personal observation created material questions of fact. This appeal followed.

On appeal, Hungry Wolf does not challenge the trial court’s conclusion that the police report fell within a hearsay exception under OCGA § 24-8-803(8). Rather, it argues that the report needed to be authenticated before the trial court could consider it on a motion for summary judgment. Because the trial court did not address this issue, we vacate and remand.

The “[a]dmissibility of evidence on motion for summary judgment is governed by the rules relating to form and admissibility of evidence generally.” Capital City Developers, LLC v. Bank of N. Ga., 316 Ga. App. 624, 625-26 (1) (730 SE2d 99) (2012) (footnote omitted). We review a trial court’s decision regarding the admission or exclu[752]*752sion of evidence for an abuse of discretion. Steed v. Fed. Nat. Mtg. Corp., 301 Ga. App. 801, 807 (1) (b) (689 SE2d 843) (2009).

[Wjhile the abuse-of-discretion standard presupposes a range of possible conclusions that can be reached by a trial court with regard to a particular evidentiary issue, it does not permit a clear error of judgment or the application of the wrong legal standard.

Koules v. SP5 Atl. Retail Ventures, LLC, 330 Ga. App. 282, 285-86 (2) (767 SE2d 40) (2014) (citation omitted).

The police officer’s report is the only evidence the Langdeaus point to that creates a question of fact as to Colbert’s employment status, and thus the admissibility of the report was key to overcoming Hungry Wolf’s motion for summary judgment.3 Although the trial court determined that the report was admissible, it applied an incomplete legal standard in reaching that determination. It is undisputed that the trial court correctly determined that the police officer’s report fell within the public records exception under ÓCGA § 24-8-803(8). See Maloof v. MARTA, 330 Ga. App. 763, 767-68 (2) (769 SE2d 174) (2015) (concluding that police report describing matters observed by the police officer is admissible as a public record in a civil proceeding). But our Evidence Code provides that the authentication or identification of a document is a condition precedent to admissibility. OCGA § 24-9-901(a) (providing that the authentication requirement “shall be satisfied by evidence sufficient to support a finding that the matter in question is what its proponent claims”); see also Jaycee Atlanta Dev., LLC v. Providence Bank, 330 Ga. App. 322, 325 (2) (765 SE2d 536) (2014) (“In general, a writing will not be admitted into evidence unless the offering party tenders proof of the authenticity or genuineness of the writing.”) (citation and punctuation omitted). Thus, to admit a document, the proponent must both authenticate the document and address any hearsay concerns; satisfying one requirement does not necessarily address [753]*753the other, and Hungry Wolf challenged the report below on both grounds. See McKinley v. State, 303 Ga. App. 203, 208 (2) (692 SE2d 787) (2010) (satisfying the authentication requirement does not eliminate hearsay concerns).

Decided September 29, 2016. Gary P. Bunch, for appellant. Blackburn & Carrillo, David T. Blackburn, for appellee.

In deeming the police report admissible, the trial court addressed only the hearsay concerns raised by Hungry Wolf. Concluding that the document was admissible under OCGA § 24-4-803(8) is a necessary, but insufficient, prerequisite for admitting the police report. The trial court applied an incomplete standard in admitting the police report, and this amounted to an abuse of discretion. See Koules, 330 Ga. App. at 285-86 (2) (trial court abuses its discretion when it applies the wrong legal standard).

Hungry Wolf’s reliance on Baker v. Simon Prop. Group, 273 Ga. App.

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Bluebook (online)
791 S.E.2d 850, 338 Ga. App. 750, 2016 Ga. App. LEXIS 540, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hungry-wolfsugar-spice-inc-v-langdeau-gactapp-2016.