Harris County v. Vernagallo

181 S.W.3d 17, 2005 WL 1771128
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedDecember 1, 2005
Docket14-03-00619-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by53 cases

This text of 181 S.W.3d 17 (Harris County v. Vernagallo) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Harris County v. Vernagallo, 181 S.W.3d 17, 2005 WL 1771128 (Tex. Ct. App. 2005).

Opinion

OPINION

WANDA McKEE FOWLER, Justice.

Harris County appeals the trial court’s judgment awarding Frank Vernagallo lost wages and attorney’s fees under the Texas Whistleblower Act. In three issues, the County asserts that 1) the evidence is legally and factually insufficient to support the jury’s finding that Vernagallo was terminated because he reported alleged illegal conduct; 2) the evidence is legally and factually insufficient to support the jury’s finding that Vernagallo made a “good faith” report of alleged illegal conduct on January 15, 1998; and 3) the jury’s finding — that the County would not have terminated Vernagallo based solely on information, observation, and evidence unrelated to his report — is against the great weight and preponderance of the evidence. We sustain the County’s legal sufficiency challenge to the evidence supporting causation, reverse, and render judgment that Vernagallo take nothing.

I. Factual Background

A.Summary of Vernagallo’s Employment with the County.

Vernagallo began working for the County in 1987 as a reserve deputy before becoming a full-time deputy in 1988. During his service with the County, Vernagallo received commendations and awards from his supervisors and co-workers for performing his job well; these are described in more detail below. However, Vernagal-lo’s employment with the County was punctuated by numerous complaints about his temper and treatment of fellow officers and citizens, also described more fully below. As a result, on January 8, 1998, the County informed Vernagallo that he would be required to participate in the Employee Assistance Program. Vernagallo also reported alleged illegal conduct on numerous occasions while he was employed with the County. Constable Freeman terminated Vernagallo’s employment by letter on the 8th of April, 1998.

B. Vernagallo’s Awards.

Vernagallo received many awards and commendations during his first few years of employment with the County. In August of 1988, Vernagallo was commended for his professional manner and teamwork, which resulted in an arrest for delivery of a controlled substance. In July of 1989, Vernagallo was congratulated for his part in an operation that resulted in four arrests in a neighborhood that drug dealers were known to frequent. One year later, Vernagallo was again commended for his involvement and professionalism in a felony arrest that resulted in the seizure of 2.5 kilograms of cocaine. In 1991, a private association that contracted for area law enforcement patrols wrote to the department to express their appreciation for Ver-nagallo’s loyalty and dedication to their community. Vernagallo’s awards culminated in a 1994 nomination for the “One Hundred Club Award” for his excellent handling of a bank robbery situation. 1

C. Complaints About Vernagallo.

Despite these awards and commendations, Vernagallo’s employment with the County was not entirely positive. The complaints about Vernagallo from citizens and fellow officers began in 1990, when a citizen filed a sworn Internal Affairs com *20 plaint, alleging that Vernagallo pulled him over while he was driving, cursed at him, and threatened to place him in jail. In 1995, a fellow officer reported that Verna-gallo had yelled and cursed at him; numerous other officers witnessed the exchange.

The following year, Vernagallo received his first reprimand about improper handling of evidence: Deputy Phillips advised Vernagallo that he was not allowed to store drug evidence in the desk drawer of court personnel. That same year, Verna-gallo’s neighbor, Delia Coy, alleged that Vernagallo had been harassing her family, arresting them for minor offenses, and threatening to place them in jail for the past two years. Chief Biehunko counseled Vernagallo about the first complaint by his neighbors. In 1996, Daniel McCool, a deputy sheriff, sent a certified letter complaining that Vernagallo had cursed, threatened, and pushed him at a union meeting. Internal Affairs reviewed these allegations but did not formally investigate because McCool did not provide a sworn account.

The number of complaints about Verna-gallo’s behavior and treatment of fellow officers and citizens increased dramatically in 1997; at lest six incidents occurred that year. In January, one citizen alleged that Vernagallo had yelled and cursed at him at a gun show. Because the citizen did not provide a sworn affidavit, there was no further follow-up. Another citizen filed an informal Internal Affairs complaint alleging that Vernagallo yelled at, cursed, and threatened her when she questioned Ver-nagallo’s arrest of her son-in-law. Sergeant McFadden counseled Vernagallo about this incident. Vernagallo’s neighbors filed another complaint, this time a formal one, about his continued harassment of them. This complaint was not sustained because the Coys’ allegations could not be “established conclusively,” although Sergeant McFadden noted that he found the circumstances “suspicious.”

During the investigation of the second Coy complaint, Sargeant McFadden discovered that Vernagallo, again, was handling and storing evidence improperly. Vernagallo continued to store evidence in a court clerk’s desk and had destroyed evidence by flushing it down a toilet. Verna-gallo was disciplined for improper handling of narcotics evidence and for failing to obey the previous order relating to his improper storage of evidence. 2

Two other incidents occurred in November of 1997. Jennifer Lemke, a citizen who operated a towing service, filed an informal complaint alleging that Vernagal-lo had cursed at her drivers and threatened to arrest them if they did not leave the scene of an accident. Chief Biehunko counseled Vernagallo about this incident. Thomas Johnson, another police officer, filed a sworn, formal complaint just days later. Johnson reported that Vernagallo had pulled him over in his car. Then, Vernagallo yelled at him, cursed him, and threatened him before finally pointing a gun at him. After a formal investigation, the complaint was classified as not sustained because Johnson’s allegations could neither be proven nor disproven.

Three other incidents merit discussion as well. These hostile confrontations involved Vernagallo and other law enforcement officers. In the first, Vernagallo yelled at, cursed, and threatened a fellow law enforcement officer at a political party convention. In the second, Vernagallo’s supervisor, Corporal Clausen, was called to *21 the scene when Vernagallo had a hostile confrontation with a Houston police officer who had stopped Vernagallo while he was driving. In the last incident, Vernagallo pulled over Houston police officer Frank Stumpo. Officer Stumpo stated that Ver-nagallo yelled at him and cursed him. He also stated he thought Vernagallo would kill him. On each of these last two incidents, Vernagallo’s supervisor, Corporal Clausen, counseled Vernagallo at the scene.

D. Referral to the Employee Assistance Program at the January 8, 1998 Meeting.

Because of all of these incidents, on January 8, 1998, the County placed Verna-gallo on probation and required him to participate in an Employee Assistance Program (“EAP”) for anger management.

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181 S.W.3d 17, 2005 WL 1771128, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/harris-county-v-vernagallo-texapp-2005.