Greater Georgia Amusements, LLC v. State

728 S.E.2d 744, 317 Ga. App. 118, 2012 Fulton County D. Rep. 2572, 2012 Ga. App. LEXIS 695
CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia
DecidedMay 25, 2012
DocketA12A0692
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 728 S.E.2d 744 (Greater Georgia Amusements, LLC v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Greater Georgia Amusements, LLC v. State, 728 S.E.2d 744, 317 Ga. App. 118, 2012 Fulton County D. Rep. 2572, 2012 Ga. App. LEXIS 695 (Ga. Ct. App. 2012).

Opinion

Andrews, Judge.

In July 2010, J. David Miller, District Attorney of the Southern Judicial Circuit, appointed Michael Lambros and Christopher Cohilas as special assistant district attorneys for the purpose of pursuing the State’s claims against a number of Moultrie convenience stores. The contract hiring Lambros and Cohilas specified that they would receive fees in the amount of at least one-third of the gross amount recovered by them on behalf of the State. Moultrie police had seized six electronic gaming machines owned by appellant Greater Georgia Amusements, and the State filed a complaint for forfeiture against in rem defendants including these machines and for injunctive relief and receivership against in personam defendants R & R Quick Mart and its owner, Pushpa Patel, alleging inter alia that the in personam defendants’ provision of the machines violated the Georgia Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (“Georgia RICO”), OCGA § 16-14-1 et seq.1 Appellant moved to disqualify Lambros and Cohilas on the grounds that they were improperly appointed and that their contract and fee arrangements violated public policy, exceeded the authority of the District Attorney, and violated the Georgia Consti[119]*119tution. The trial court denied the motion to disqualify and issued a certificate of immediate review. Appellant filed an interlocutory appeal in the Supreme Court of Georgia, which transferred the case to this Court. We granted appellant’s application for interlocutory review and now reverse on the ground that the contract employing Lambros and Cohilas is void as against Georgia public policy.

The contract at issue in this case provided that the district attorney would employ Lambros and Cohilas to represent the State “in connection with any and all civil claims it may have” against any persons or entities “arising out of the 2010 Gambling/RICO investigation” of eight convenience stores in Moultrie. The district attorney also agreed to pay Lambros and Cohilas

an amount based upon the gross amount of money which they recover for the State of Georgia or on its behalf (which term shall include the fair market value of any property which may be recovered), in accordance with the following schedule:
Thirty-three and one-third percent (33 1/3%) of the gross amount of any recovery made either by settlement or by suit, provided, however, that in the event of an appeal. . ., forty percent (40%) of the gross amount of any such recovery. However, it is understood that the [district attorney’s office] is fully responsible for all court costs and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred by [Lambros and Cohilas] ... in the investigation and prosecution of the State of Georgia’s claim and that it will, from time to time, advance or reimburse [Lambros and Cohilas] for the same upon presentation of such bills for payment. . . .

The contract also provided that Lambros and Cohilas were authorized “to fully investigate any claims for which [they] represent” the district attorney and that the two could, “upon notification,” withdraw from representation.

In its order transferring this case to this Court, the Supreme Court of Georgia noted that appellant had failed to obtain a ruling from the trial court on its constitutional claims. Accordingly, appellant raises only two arguments on this appeal: that the district attorney did not have the authority to appoint special assistants in this matter and that the contract employing Lambros and Cohilas is void as against public policy.

1. As a preliminary matter, we reject appellant’s contention that the district attorney did not have the authority to appoint special assistants to assist in the prosecution of this complaint.

[120]*120OCGA § 15-18-20 provides:

(a) The district attorney in each judicial circuit may employ such additional assistant district attorneys, deputy district attorneys, or other attorneys, investigators, paraprofessionals, clerical assistants, victim and witness assistance personnel, and other employees or independent contractors as may be provided for by local law or as may be authorized by the governing authority of the county or counties comprising the judicial circuit. The district attorney shall define the duties and fix the title of any attorney or other employee of the district attorney’s office.
(b) Personnel employed by the district attorney pursuant to this Code section shall serve at the pleasure of the district attorney and shall be compensated by the county or counties comprising the judicial circuit, the manner and amount of compensation to be paid to be fixed either by local Act or by the district attorney with the approval of the county or counties comprising the judicial circuit.

(Emphasis supplied.)

In State v. Cook, 172 Ga. App. 433 (323 SE2d 634) (1984), we rejected the argument that a district attorney may not hire a special assistant in a particular matter without explicit approval from his county or counties:

OCGA § 15-18-20 merely provides that the employment of additional general and on-going staff members shall be a matter between the district attorney and the county or counties comprising his judicial circuit. [The statute] dofes] not necessarily limit the authority of a district attorney so as to prohibit his appointment of a Special Assistant District Attorney in a specific case, pursuant to whatever private arrangements regarding compensation are mutually agreeable to the district attorney and the appointee.

(Emphasis supplied.) Id. at 437 (2).

The contract at issue here is clear that Lambros and Cohilas were hired only for a specific purpose — that is, the Georgia RICO prosecution of a limited number of Moultrie convenience stores — and not as general employees, even within a class of cases. It follows that the district attorney was authorized to retain Lambros and Cohilas as independent contractors in this matter. Cook, 172 Ga. App. at 437 (2); compare Clark v. Head, 272 Ga. 104, 105-106 (526 SE2d [121]*121859) (2000) (assistant district attorney working for 20 years under annually renewed contracts was employed not as an independent contractor under OCGA § 15-18-20 (a), but at the pleasure of the district attorney under OCGA § 15-18-14; contract was void for lack of county authorization).

2. The crux of this appeal is appellant’s contention that the contingency fee contract under which Lambros and Cohilas were retained violates Georgia public policy.

Although we face this question for the first time, the Supreme Court of Georgia has expressly disapproved contingency fee arrangements for public employees, including independent contractors, charged with acting in the public interest. In Sears, Roebuck & Co. v. Parsons, 260 Ga.

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Bluebook (online)
728 S.E.2d 744, 317 Ga. App. 118, 2012 Fulton County D. Rep. 2572, 2012 Ga. App. LEXIS 695, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/greater-georgia-amusements-llc-v-state-gactapp-2012.