FIFTH DIVISION MCFADDEN, C. J., DOYLE, P. J., and HODGES, J.
NOTICE: Motions for reconsideration must be physically received in our clerk’s office within ten days of the date of decision to be deemed timely filed. https://www.gaappeals.us/rules
DEADLINES ARE NO LONGER TOLLED IN THIS COURT. ALL FILINGS MUST BE SUBMITTED WITHIN THE TIMES SET BY OUR COURT RULES.
February 23, 2021
In the Court of Appeals of Georgia A21A0134. BENNETT v. McCLAM.
MCFADDEN, Chief Judge.
Letobra McClam filed a petition against Frank Bennett seeking to change custody of
their son from Bennett to McClam. The trial court dismissed the petition and denied
Bennett’s motion for attorney fees. Bennett appeals. He argues that he is entitled to
fees under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a), the frivolous litigation statute, because the dismissal
of McClam’s petition demonstrates that it completely lacked any justiciable issue of
law or fact. But “[a] prevailing party is not per force entitled to an award of attorney
fees under this statutory subsection.” Hyre v. Paxson, 214 Ga. App. 552, 556 (10) (b)
(449 SE2d 120) (1994). And absent a transcript of the hearing at which McClam
presented her claim, we cannot evaluate Bennett’s argument and we must presume
that the trial court’s ruling denying attorney fees on this basis is correct. Bennett also argues that the trial court erroneously concluded that she was required to consider
McClam’s ability to pay when deciding whether to award Bennett fees under OCGA
§ 19-9-3 (g), which allows fees in child custody cases. We agree. The statute imposes
no such requirement. So we vacate that portion of the order denying Bennett’s motion
for fees and remand the case for further proceedings.
1. Factual background.
McClam and Bennett, who have never been married, are the parents of a child.
Bennett has primary physical custody of the child. McClam filed a petition for
modification of custody, parenting time, and child support. The trial court conducted
a final hearing, and following the presentation of McClam’s case, Bennett moved to
dismiss the petition. The trial court granted Bennett’s motion to dismiss, finding that
McClam had not established a change in circumstances substantially affecting the
welfare of the child, a prerequisite to the court’s consideration of a change of custody.
See Bankston v. Warbington, 332 Ga. App. 29, 32 (1) (771 SE2d 726) (2015); OCGA
§ 19-9-3 (b).
Bennett filed a motion seeking attorney fees under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a) and (b) and
OCGA § 19-9-3 (g). The trial court denied the motion. The court found that Bennett
was not entitled to attorney fees under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a) or (b) because the court
2 could have accepted McClam’s position and her petition did not lack substantial
justification. The court then held that although Bennett otherwise might be entitled
to OCGA § 19-9-3 (g) attorney fees, OCGA § 19-6-2 (a), which applies in divorce
and alimony cases, required the court to consider McClam’s ability to pay. The court
concluded that given McClam’s inability to pay, Bennett was not entitled to attorney
fees under OCGA § 19-9-3 (g).
We granted Bennett’s application for appeal, and this appeal followed. See generally
Voyles v. Voyles, 301 Ga. 44 (799 SE2d 160) (2017).
2. Denial of attorney fees under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a).
Bennett argues that the trial court abused her discretion in denying his request for fees
under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a). He argues that the trial court’s grant of his motion to
dismiss McClam’s petition shows that there existed a complete absence of any
justiciable issue of law or fact. Bennett has not shown trial court error.
A trial court may award attorney fees under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a) where a party
asserts a claim “with respect to which there existed such a complete absence of any
justiciable issue of law or fact that it could not be reasonably believed that a court
would accept the asserted claim. . . .” OCGA § 9-15-14 (a). We will affirm a trial
court’s ruling on a claim for OCGA § 9-15-14 (a) attorney fees if there is any
3 evidence to support the ruling. Century Center at Braselton, LLC v. Town of
Braselton, 285 Ga. 380, 382 (1) (677 SE2d 106) (2009).
The trial court’s order granting Bennett’s motion to dismiss McClam’s petition states
that the matter came before the court for a final hearing and both parties appeared
represented by counsel. After reviewing the evidence and considering the parties’
arguments, the court found that McClam had not established a change in
circumstances substantially affecting the welfare of the child. Nonetheless, in the
order denying Bennett’s motion for fees, the court stated that, “[w]hile the Court
ultimately found” that McClam had not made a sufficient showing, it “could have
accepted” her claim.
And the appellate record does not contain a transcript of the final hearing. Absent the
transcript, we cannot determine whether McClam presented any evidence that
supports the trial court’s finding that the court could have accepted McClam’s claim.
“The facts relevant to the fee award include [McClam’s] presentation at [the final
hearing of her claim].” Atwood v. Southeast Bedding Co., 236 Ga. App. 116 (1) (511
SE2d 232) (1999). Absent the transcript of that hearing, we must assume that the trial
court’s finding that the court could have accepted McClam’s position is correct. Id.
4 And because this finding is the basis of the trial court’s denial of Bennett’s motion
for OCGA § 9-15-14 (a) attorney fees, we must affirm.
2. Denial of attorney fees under OCGA § 19-9-3 (g).
Bennett argues that the trial court erred in concluding that OCGA § 19-6-2 (a)
required her to consider the financial circumstances of the parties when deciding
whether to grant Bennett’s claim for fees under OCGA §
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FIFTH DIVISION MCFADDEN, C. J., DOYLE, P. J., and HODGES, J.
NOTICE: Motions for reconsideration must be physically received in our clerk’s office within ten days of the date of decision to be deemed timely filed. https://www.gaappeals.us/rules
DEADLINES ARE NO LONGER TOLLED IN THIS COURT. ALL FILINGS MUST BE SUBMITTED WITHIN THE TIMES SET BY OUR COURT RULES.
February 23, 2021
In the Court of Appeals of Georgia A21A0134. BENNETT v. McCLAM.
MCFADDEN, Chief Judge.
Letobra McClam filed a petition against Frank Bennett seeking to change custody of
their son from Bennett to McClam. The trial court dismissed the petition and denied
Bennett’s motion for attorney fees. Bennett appeals. He argues that he is entitled to
fees under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a), the frivolous litigation statute, because the dismissal
of McClam’s petition demonstrates that it completely lacked any justiciable issue of
law or fact. But “[a] prevailing party is not per force entitled to an award of attorney
fees under this statutory subsection.” Hyre v. Paxson, 214 Ga. App. 552, 556 (10) (b)
(449 SE2d 120) (1994). And absent a transcript of the hearing at which McClam
presented her claim, we cannot evaluate Bennett’s argument and we must presume
that the trial court’s ruling denying attorney fees on this basis is correct. Bennett also argues that the trial court erroneously concluded that she was required to consider
McClam’s ability to pay when deciding whether to award Bennett fees under OCGA
§ 19-9-3 (g), which allows fees in child custody cases. We agree. The statute imposes
no such requirement. So we vacate that portion of the order denying Bennett’s motion
for fees and remand the case for further proceedings.
1. Factual background.
McClam and Bennett, who have never been married, are the parents of a child.
Bennett has primary physical custody of the child. McClam filed a petition for
modification of custody, parenting time, and child support. The trial court conducted
a final hearing, and following the presentation of McClam’s case, Bennett moved to
dismiss the petition. The trial court granted Bennett’s motion to dismiss, finding that
McClam had not established a change in circumstances substantially affecting the
welfare of the child, a prerequisite to the court’s consideration of a change of custody.
See Bankston v. Warbington, 332 Ga. App. 29, 32 (1) (771 SE2d 726) (2015); OCGA
§ 19-9-3 (b).
Bennett filed a motion seeking attorney fees under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a) and (b) and
OCGA § 19-9-3 (g). The trial court denied the motion. The court found that Bennett
was not entitled to attorney fees under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a) or (b) because the court
2 could have accepted McClam’s position and her petition did not lack substantial
justification. The court then held that although Bennett otherwise might be entitled
to OCGA § 19-9-3 (g) attorney fees, OCGA § 19-6-2 (a), which applies in divorce
and alimony cases, required the court to consider McClam’s ability to pay. The court
concluded that given McClam’s inability to pay, Bennett was not entitled to attorney
fees under OCGA § 19-9-3 (g).
We granted Bennett’s application for appeal, and this appeal followed. See generally
Voyles v. Voyles, 301 Ga. 44 (799 SE2d 160) (2017).
2. Denial of attorney fees under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a).
Bennett argues that the trial court abused her discretion in denying his request for fees
under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a). He argues that the trial court’s grant of his motion to
dismiss McClam’s petition shows that there existed a complete absence of any
justiciable issue of law or fact. Bennett has not shown trial court error.
A trial court may award attorney fees under OCGA § 9-15-14 (a) where a party
asserts a claim “with respect to which there existed such a complete absence of any
justiciable issue of law or fact that it could not be reasonably believed that a court
would accept the asserted claim. . . .” OCGA § 9-15-14 (a). We will affirm a trial
court’s ruling on a claim for OCGA § 9-15-14 (a) attorney fees if there is any
3 evidence to support the ruling. Century Center at Braselton, LLC v. Town of
Braselton, 285 Ga. 380, 382 (1) (677 SE2d 106) (2009).
The trial court’s order granting Bennett’s motion to dismiss McClam’s petition states
that the matter came before the court for a final hearing and both parties appeared
represented by counsel. After reviewing the evidence and considering the parties’
arguments, the court found that McClam had not established a change in
circumstances substantially affecting the welfare of the child. Nonetheless, in the
order denying Bennett’s motion for fees, the court stated that, “[w]hile the Court
ultimately found” that McClam had not made a sufficient showing, it “could have
accepted” her claim.
And the appellate record does not contain a transcript of the final hearing. Absent the
transcript, we cannot determine whether McClam presented any evidence that
supports the trial court’s finding that the court could have accepted McClam’s claim.
“The facts relevant to the fee award include [McClam’s] presentation at [the final
hearing of her claim].” Atwood v. Southeast Bedding Co., 236 Ga. App. 116 (1) (511
SE2d 232) (1999). Absent the transcript of that hearing, we must assume that the trial
court’s finding that the court could have accepted McClam’s position is correct. Id.
4 And because this finding is the basis of the trial court’s denial of Bennett’s motion
for OCGA § 9-15-14 (a) attorney fees, we must affirm.
2. Denial of attorney fees under OCGA § 19-9-3 (g).
Bennett argues that the trial court erred in concluding that OCGA § 19-6-2 (a)
required her to consider the financial circumstances of the parties when deciding
whether to grant Bennett’s claim for fees under OCGA § 19-9-3 (g). We agree.
OCGA § 19-6-2 (a) “authorizes the trial court in a divorce action to exercise its sound
discretion and, after considering the financial circumstances of the parties, to award
attorney fees as necessary to ensure the effective representation of both parties.”
Hoard v. Beveridge, 298 Ga. 728, 730 (2) (783 SE2d 629) (2016) (citation and
punctuation omitted). See also OCGA § 19-6-2 (a) (1) (“the court shall consider the
financial circumstances of both parties as part of its determination of the amount of
attorney’s fees”). But the statute “is expressly limited to actions for alimony, for
divorce and alimony, and for contempt of an order arising out of an action for
alimony or divorce and alimony.” Viskup v. Viskup, 291 Ga. 103, 107 (2) (727 SE2d
97) (2012). This action is not a divorce or alimony case; it is a petition for
modification of child custody. So OCGA § 19-6-2 (a) does not apply. Viskup, 291 Ga.
at 107 (2).
5 OCGA § 19-9-3 (g), on the other hand, applies to custody actions other than those
covered by OCGA § 19-6-2. Viskup, 291 Ga. at 107 (2). Subsection (g)—unlike
OCGA § 19-6-2—contains no reference to financial circumstances; it provides in
part:
Except as provided in Code Section 19-6-2, and in addition to the attorney’s fee provisions contained in Code Section 19-6-15, the judge may order reasonable attorney’s fees and expenses of litigation, experts, and the child’s guardian ad litem and other costs of the child custody action and pretrial proceedings to be paid by the parties in proportions and at times determined by the judge.
Because nothing in the statute “require[s] a trial court to consider the parties’
financial circumstances in making the grant of attorney fees,” Viskup, 291 Ga. at 107
(2), the trial court erred in concluding that she was required to consider the parties’
financial circumstances when deciding whether to award Bennett attorney fees under
OCGA § 19-9-3 (g). We vacate the trial court’s order to the extent that it denied
Bennett’s petition for fees under OCGA § 19-9-3 (g) and remand for proceedings not
inconsistent with this opinion.
Judgment affirmed in part and vacated and remanded in part. Doyle, P. J., and
Hodges, J. concur.