Fitzgerald v. Coddington Stables

890 A.2d 933, 186 N.J. 21, 2006 N.J. LEXIS 12
CourtSupreme Court of New Jersey
DecidedJanuary 25, 2006
StatusPublished
Cited by13 cases

This text of 890 A.2d 933 (Fitzgerald v. Coddington Stables) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of New Jersey primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Fitzgerald v. Coddington Stables, 890 A.2d 933, 186 N.J. 21, 2006 N.J. LEXIS 12 (N.J. 2006).

Opinion

Justice RIVERA-SOTO

delivered the opinion of the Court.

In this appeal, we address the seeming contradiction that arises from the intersection of two separate statutory workers’ compensation insurance requirements applicable to employees in New Jersey’s horse racing industry: the broad obligation of all horse trainers to provide private workers’ compensation insurance to their employees under N.J.S.A. 34:15-134.1 versus the require[26]*26ment that the New Jersey Horse Racing Injury Compensation Board (Compensation Board or Board) “secure workers’ compensation insurance coverage for horse racing industry employees.” N.J.S.A. 34:15-134a.

Both the Division of Workers’ Compensation judge and the Appellate Division held that the Board’s statutory obligation trumps that of the private employer because, in their view, the petitioner in this action fell squarely within the statute’s definition of a “horse racing industry employee” under N.J.S.A. 34:15-131. We disagree, and hold that the petitioner does not fall within the plain meaning of the statutory definition of a “horse racing industry employee,” a conclusion also mandated by the statute’s purpose and context, and legislative history. We further hold that the workers’ compensation scheme established pursuant to the New Jersey Horse Racing Injury Compensation Board Act (Horse Racing Compensation Act), N.J.S.A. 34:15-129 to -142, requires that a horse trainer not employed by an owner must be covered by private workers’ compensation insurance provided by his employer, and that the workers’ compensation coverage provided by the Board is intended as a safety net for those instances where “serious injuries have been sustained for which there is no coverage.” N.J.S.A. 34:15-130.

I.

Commencing in early 2001, petitioner Linda Fitzgerald, who by then had over forty years of experience in the riding, grooming, training and ownership of both thoroughbred and standardbred horses,1 was employed as a licensed second trainer (although that license was not current) and as a licensed groom by defendant Tom Coddington Stables (Coddington Stables), a race horse trainer operating out of Showplace Farms in Millstone Township, [27]*27Monmouth County, New Jersey. As an employer in the State of New Jersey, Coddington Stables is required to “make sufficient provision for the complete payment of any obligation [it] may incur to an injured employee, or his dependents under the provisions of [the New Jersey Workers’ Compensation Act, N.J.S.A. 34:15-7 et seq.]" N.J.S.A. 34:15-71. Coddington Stables satisfied its statutory obligation to provide workers’ compensation coverage to plaintiff by the purchase of workers’ compensation insurance from a private carrier.

On April 11, 2001, in the course of her employment with Coddington Stables and while caring for a horse not owned by her employer, petitioner was injured when the horse suddenly jumped and struck her. She thereafter filed two separate petitions before the Division of Workers’ Compensation. In the first, petitioner sought workers’ compensation benefits from her employer, Coddington Stables, under its statutorily required workers’ compensation insurance coverage. In the second, petitioner sought workers’ compensation from the Board, asserting that she was a “horse racing industry employee” as defined under N.J.S.A. 34:15-131, and, hence, was entitled to workers’ compensation coverage from the Board under the Horse Racing Compensation Act. The issue joined, then, was not whether petitioner was entitled to workers’ compensation benefits, but instead which entity was to bear the burden of that coverage: her employer, Coddington Stables, or the Board.

Ruling on the two conflicting petitions, the workers’ compensation judge “dismissed Coddington Stables and decided that the New Jersey Horse Racing Injury Compensation Board is responsible for all payments due petitioner arising out of this accident on April 11, 2001.” Characterizing the Horse Racing Compensation Act as “confusing,” the workers’ compensation judge nonetheless observed that the Horse Racing Compensation Act was intended to “correct” what the Legislature deemed to be “confusion as to coverage of employees involved in the horse racing industry....” Finding that petitioner qualified under the statutory definition of a [28]*28“horse racing industry employee” found in N.J.S.A. 34:15-131, the workers’ compensation judge held that such finding triggered the Board’s obligation to provide workers’ compensation coverage to petitioner under N.J.S.A. 34:15-134a. Finally, noting the dueling nature of the coverages at issue here, the workers’ compensation judge focused on the last sentence of N.J.S.A. 34:15-135d: “To the extent that a horse racing industry employee is also covered by duplicate coverage procured pursuant to another policy of workers’ compensation insurance, the coverage procured by the [Board] pursuant to [the Horse Racing Compensation Act] shall be considered primary.” In synthesis, the workers’ compensation judge concluded that (1) petitioner fit within the statutory definition of a “horse racing industry employee;” (2) the Board was statutorily obliged to provide workers’ compensation coverage to all defined horse racing industry employees; and (3) the Board’s obligation and coverage were primary.2

The Appellate Division affirmed. Fitzgerald v. Tom Coddington Stables, 370 N.J.Super. 582, 851 A.2d 778 (App.Div.2004). The panel noted that the Board, focusing on the statutory definition of a “horse racing industry employee,” argued that such definition “applies only to the employees of the actual owner of the horse.” [29]*29Id. at 584, 851 A.2d 778. As couched by the Appellate Division, the Board “argue[d] that [petitioner] should not be considered a statutory ‘horse racing industry employee’ because at the time of the incident, although working for [Coddington Stables] and licensed by the Racing Commission, [petitioner] was not working on a horse owned by Coddington Stables.” Ibid. Reasoning broadly that “[t]hose employed by a trainer are covered by the statute even though the trainer may not be an employee of the horse’s owner[,]” id. at 585, 851 A.2d 778, the panel “rejected] the Compensation Board’s arguments as without merit and conclude[d] that [petitioner] was a licensed horse racing industry employee and working for an owner and trainer of horses in the industry and was covered by the statute.” Id. at 584, 851 A.2d 778.

We originally denied the Board’s petition for certification. 183 N.J. 212, 871 A.2d 90 (2005). We later granted the Board’s motion for reconsideration, 183 N.J. 581, 874 A.2d 1101 (2005),3 and, upon reconsideration, granted the Board’s petition for certification. 185 N.J. 35, 878 A.2d 852 (2005).

II.

The Board advances two principal arguments.

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Bluebook (online)
890 A.2d 933, 186 N.J. 21, 2006 N.J. LEXIS 12, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/fitzgerald-v-coddington-stables-nj-2006.