MEMORANDUM DECISION Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be FILED regarded as precedent or cited before any Mar 21 2017, 6:24 am court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, collateral CLERK Indiana Supreme Court Court of Appeals estoppel, or the law of the case. and Tax Court
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Donald R. Shuler Curtis T. Hill, Jr. Barkes, Kolbus, Rife & Shuler, LLP Attorney General of Indiana Goshen, Indiana Angela N. Sanchez Supervising Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
Everett Wade, March 21, 2017 Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No. 20A03-1610-CR-2427 v. Appeal from the Elkhart Superior Court State of Indiana, The Honorable Appellee-Plaintiff. Gretchen S. Lund, Judge Trial Court Cause Nos. 20D04-1602-F6-204 20D04-1605-F6-571
Kirsch, Judge.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 1 of 7 [1] Everett Wade (“Wade”) pleaded guilty to two counts of operating a vehicle
while intoxicated with a prior conviction,1 as Level 6 felonies, and to being a
habitual vehicular substance offender. He was sentenced to an aggregate
sentence of seven years with one year suspended to probation. Wade appeals,
raising the following restated issue: whether his sentence is inappropriate in
light of the nature of the offense and the character of the offender.
[2] We affirm.
Facts and Procedural History [3] In 1992, Wade was convicted twice for operating a vehicle while intoxicated.
In October 2012, he was convicted a third time for operating a vehicle while
intoxicated. Wade’s criminal history also included four felony convictions:
dealing in cocaine as a Class B felony; child molesting as a Class C felony;
possession of cocaine as a Class D felony; and theft as a Class D felony. He
also had multiple misdemeanor convictions, which included convictions for
trespass, possession of marijuana, resisting law enforcement, disorderly
conduct, public intoxication, battery, conversion, possession of paraphernalia,
and nine counts of check deception. Additionally, Wade had numerous
violations of his probation and was on probation at the time the instant offenses
were committed.
1 See Ind. Code §§ 9-30-5-2, 9-30-5-3(a)(1).
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 2 of 7 [4] On February15, 2016, which was within five years of his 2012 conviction,
Wade was discovered by the police, in a state of intoxication, asleep in the
driver’s seat of his car and with the engine running. The State charged Wade,
under Cause Number 20D04-1602-F6-204 (“Cause 204”), with operating a
vehicle while intoxicated as a Class A misdemeanor, operating a vehicle with
an alcohol concentration equivalent to at least .08 grams as a Class C
misdemeanor, and operating a vehicle while intoxicated with a prior conviction
as a Level 6 felony. On May 19, 2016, which was also within five years of his
2012 conviction, police observed Wade driving left of the center line,
discovered that he was intoxicated, and arrested him. The State charged Wade,
under Cause Number 20D04-1605-F6-571 (“Cause 571”), with operating a
vehicle while intoxicated as a Class A misdemeanor, operating a vehicle with
an alcohol concentration equivalent to at least .08 grams as a Class C
misdemeanor, and operating a vehicle while intoxicated with a prior conviction
as a Level 6 felony. The State also charged Wade with being a habitual
vehicular substance offender.
[5] The two cases were adjudicated jointly, and on August 24, 2016, Wade pleaded
guilty to one count of Level 6 felony operating a vehicle while intoxicated with
a prior conviction under each cause number and to being a habitual vehicular
substance offender under Cause 571. At the sentencing hearing, the trial court
found the following aggravating factors: Wade’s criminal history, particularly
his history of operating while intoxicated convictions; his history of probation
violations and community corrections violations; and his failure to take
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 3 of 7 “advantage of programming or alternative sanctions that were offered to him in
the past.” Tr. at 27-28. In mitigation, the trial court found that Wade had
taken responsibility for his actions by pleading guilty and was sincere in his
remarks to the trial court. Id. at 28-29. The trial court found that the
aggravating factors outweighed the mitigating factors and sentenced Wade,
under Cause 204, to two and a half years with six months suspended for his
conviction for Level 6 felony operating a vehicle while intoxicated with a prior
conviction. Under Cause 571, the trial court imposed a sentence of two and a
half years with six months suspended for Wade’s conviction for Level 6 felony
operating a vehicle while intoxicated with a prior conviction and enhanced the
sentence by adding two years for Wade’s status as a habitual vehicular
substance offender. Each of the sentences was ordered to be served
consecutively, which resulted in an aggregate sentence of seven years with one
year suspended to probation. Wade now appeals.
Discussion and Decision [6] Under Indiana Appellate Rule 7(B), “we may revise any sentence authorized by
statute if we deem it to be inappropriate in light of the nature of the offense and
the character of the offender.” Corbally v. State, 5 N.E.3d 463, 471 (Ind. Ct.
App. 2014). The question under Appellate Rule 7(B) is not whether another
sentence is more appropriate; rather, the question is whether the sentence
imposed is inappropriate. King v. State, 894 N.E.2d 265, 268 (Ind. Ct. App.
2008). It is the defendant’s burden on appeal to persuade the reviewing court
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 4 of 7 that the sentence imposed by the trial court is inappropriate. Chappell v. State,
966 N.E.2d 124, 133 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012), trans. denied.
[7] Indiana’s flexible sentencing scheme allows trial courts to tailor an appropriate
sentence to the circumstances presented, and the trial court’s judgment “should
receive considerable deference.” Cardwell v. State, 895 N.E.2d 1219, 1222 (Ind.
2008). The principal role of appellate review is to attempt to “leaven the
outliers.” Id. at 1225. Whether we regard a sentence as inappropriate at the
end of the day turns on “our sense of the culpability of the defendant, the
severity of the crime, the damage done to others, and myriad other factors that
come to light in a given case.” Id. at 1224.
[8] Wade argues that the trial court erred in sentencing him and that his seven-year
aggregate sentence, with six years executed, is inappropriate considering the
nature of the offense and the character of the offender. He asserts that the
nature of his offense was not the worst offense and that the evidence
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MEMORANDUM DECISION Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be FILED regarded as precedent or cited before any Mar 21 2017, 6:24 am court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, collateral CLERK Indiana Supreme Court Court of Appeals estoppel, or the law of the case. and Tax Court
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Donald R. Shuler Curtis T. Hill, Jr. Barkes, Kolbus, Rife & Shuler, LLP Attorney General of Indiana Goshen, Indiana Angela N. Sanchez Supervising Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
Everett Wade, March 21, 2017 Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No. 20A03-1610-CR-2427 v. Appeal from the Elkhart Superior Court State of Indiana, The Honorable Appellee-Plaintiff. Gretchen S. Lund, Judge Trial Court Cause Nos. 20D04-1602-F6-204 20D04-1605-F6-571
Kirsch, Judge.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 1 of 7 [1] Everett Wade (“Wade”) pleaded guilty to two counts of operating a vehicle
while intoxicated with a prior conviction,1 as Level 6 felonies, and to being a
habitual vehicular substance offender. He was sentenced to an aggregate
sentence of seven years with one year suspended to probation. Wade appeals,
raising the following restated issue: whether his sentence is inappropriate in
light of the nature of the offense and the character of the offender.
[2] We affirm.
Facts and Procedural History [3] In 1992, Wade was convicted twice for operating a vehicle while intoxicated.
In October 2012, he was convicted a third time for operating a vehicle while
intoxicated. Wade’s criminal history also included four felony convictions:
dealing in cocaine as a Class B felony; child molesting as a Class C felony;
possession of cocaine as a Class D felony; and theft as a Class D felony. He
also had multiple misdemeanor convictions, which included convictions for
trespass, possession of marijuana, resisting law enforcement, disorderly
conduct, public intoxication, battery, conversion, possession of paraphernalia,
and nine counts of check deception. Additionally, Wade had numerous
violations of his probation and was on probation at the time the instant offenses
were committed.
1 See Ind. Code §§ 9-30-5-2, 9-30-5-3(a)(1).
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 2 of 7 [4] On February15, 2016, which was within five years of his 2012 conviction,
Wade was discovered by the police, in a state of intoxication, asleep in the
driver’s seat of his car and with the engine running. The State charged Wade,
under Cause Number 20D04-1602-F6-204 (“Cause 204”), with operating a
vehicle while intoxicated as a Class A misdemeanor, operating a vehicle with
an alcohol concentration equivalent to at least .08 grams as a Class C
misdemeanor, and operating a vehicle while intoxicated with a prior conviction
as a Level 6 felony. On May 19, 2016, which was also within five years of his
2012 conviction, police observed Wade driving left of the center line,
discovered that he was intoxicated, and arrested him. The State charged Wade,
under Cause Number 20D04-1605-F6-571 (“Cause 571”), with operating a
vehicle while intoxicated as a Class A misdemeanor, operating a vehicle with
an alcohol concentration equivalent to at least .08 grams as a Class C
misdemeanor, and operating a vehicle while intoxicated with a prior conviction
as a Level 6 felony. The State also charged Wade with being a habitual
vehicular substance offender.
[5] The two cases were adjudicated jointly, and on August 24, 2016, Wade pleaded
guilty to one count of Level 6 felony operating a vehicle while intoxicated with
a prior conviction under each cause number and to being a habitual vehicular
substance offender under Cause 571. At the sentencing hearing, the trial court
found the following aggravating factors: Wade’s criminal history, particularly
his history of operating while intoxicated convictions; his history of probation
violations and community corrections violations; and his failure to take
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 3 of 7 “advantage of programming or alternative sanctions that were offered to him in
the past.” Tr. at 27-28. In mitigation, the trial court found that Wade had
taken responsibility for his actions by pleading guilty and was sincere in his
remarks to the trial court. Id. at 28-29. The trial court found that the
aggravating factors outweighed the mitigating factors and sentenced Wade,
under Cause 204, to two and a half years with six months suspended for his
conviction for Level 6 felony operating a vehicle while intoxicated with a prior
conviction. Under Cause 571, the trial court imposed a sentence of two and a
half years with six months suspended for Wade’s conviction for Level 6 felony
operating a vehicle while intoxicated with a prior conviction and enhanced the
sentence by adding two years for Wade’s status as a habitual vehicular
substance offender. Each of the sentences was ordered to be served
consecutively, which resulted in an aggregate sentence of seven years with one
year suspended to probation. Wade now appeals.
Discussion and Decision [6] Under Indiana Appellate Rule 7(B), “we may revise any sentence authorized by
statute if we deem it to be inappropriate in light of the nature of the offense and
the character of the offender.” Corbally v. State, 5 N.E.3d 463, 471 (Ind. Ct.
App. 2014). The question under Appellate Rule 7(B) is not whether another
sentence is more appropriate; rather, the question is whether the sentence
imposed is inappropriate. King v. State, 894 N.E.2d 265, 268 (Ind. Ct. App.
2008). It is the defendant’s burden on appeal to persuade the reviewing court
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 4 of 7 that the sentence imposed by the trial court is inappropriate. Chappell v. State,
966 N.E.2d 124, 133 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012), trans. denied.
[7] Indiana’s flexible sentencing scheme allows trial courts to tailor an appropriate
sentence to the circumstances presented, and the trial court’s judgment “should
receive considerable deference.” Cardwell v. State, 895 N.E.2d 1219, 1222 (Ind.
2008). The principal role of appellate review is to attempt to “leaven the
outliers.” Id. at 1225. Whether we regard a sentence as inappropriate at the
end of the day turns on “our sense of the culpability of the defendant, the
severity of the crime, the damage done to others, and myriad other factors that
come to light in a given case.” Id. at 1224.
[8] Wade argues that the trial court erred in sentencing him and that his seven-year
aggregate sentence, with six years executed, is inappropriate considering the
nature of the offense and the character of the offender. He asserts that the
nature of his offense was not the worst offense and that the evidence
represented only “run-of-the-mill OWI offenses” because no one was injured
and no property damage occurred. Appellant’s Br. at 12. As to his character,
Wade contends that, although he has a criminal history, it primarily consists of
offenses related to substance abuse and driving. Wade also claims that the
record included information that spoke well of his character, including his
acceptance of responsibility by pleading guilty without the benefit of a plea
agreement, his cooperation with the pre-sentence investigation report, his
employment before incarceration, and the fact that he took care of his mother
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 5 of 7 when she was ill. Based on these things, Wade believes his sentence is
inappropriate and should be reduced.
[9] When considering the nature of the offense, the advisory sentence is the starting
point to determine the appropriateness of a sentence. Johnson v. State, 986
N.E.2d 852, 856 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013) (citing Anglemyer v. State, 868 N.E.2d 482,
494 (Ind. 2007), clarified on reh’g, 875 N.E.2d 218 (2007)). Wade pleaded guilty
to two counts of Level 6 felony operating a vehicle while intoxicated with a
prior conviction and to being a habitual vehicular substance offender. A person
who commits a Level 6 felony shall be imprisoned for a fixed term of between
six months and two and one-half years, with the advisory sentence being one
year. Ind. Code § 35-50-2-7(b). A habitual vehicular substance offender is
subject to an additional fixed term of at least one year but not more than eight
years of imprisonment, to be added to the term of imprisonment imposed under
Indiana Code chapter 35-50-2. Ind. Code § 9-30-15.5-2(d). Because Wade was
released awaiting trial for Cause 204 when he was arrested and charged under
Cause 571, his sentences were required to be served consecutively. Ind. Code §
35-50-1-2(e). Therefore, the potential sentencing range that Wade faced for his
convictions was between two and thirteen years. The trial court imposed an
aggregate seven-year sentence with one year suspended to probation.
[10] As to the nature of Wade’s offenses, within a three-month period of time, he
operated a vehicle while intoxicated on two occasions. At the time of the
offenses, Wade was on probation, and he committed his second offense under
Cause 571 while he was released awaiting trial for his first offense under Cause
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 6 of 7 204. Wade’s offenses were committed in close proximity with each other and
while on he was probation. His present convictions constitute his fourth and
fifth convictions for operating a vehicle while intoxicated, three of which have
been in the past five years.
[11] As to Wade’s character, he has a significant criminal history, which began
when he was eighteen and includes four felony convictions and approximately
twenty misdemeanor convictions. His felony convictions included the offenses
of dealing in cocaine, possession of cocaine, theft, and child molesting. Wade
had three prior convictions for operating a vehicle while intoxicated, and the
present offenses represent his fourth and fifth convictions. Although Wade has
been given opportunities for substance abuse treatment and to reform his
behavior through programming and probation, he has repeatedly violated his
probation, and the efforts to keep him from engaging in criminal behavior have
not been successful. At sentencing, the State informed the trial court that Wade
was not eligible for work release and that he was not a good candidate for home
detention or probation due to his multiple violations in the past. Further,
although the trial court accepted the sincerity of Wade’s claims that he wished
to reform his behavior, the trial court was skeptical that he was unlikely to
reoffend based on his history of reoffending considering the opportunities he
was given to reform. Wade’s sentence is not inappropriate.
[12] Affirmed.
Robb, J., and Barnes, J., concur
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 20A03-1610-CR-2427 | March 21, 2017 Page 7 of 7