Dye v. J.J. Detweiler Ents., Inc.

2021 Ohio 1393

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: April 21, 2021
• Docket: 2020CA00101
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as Dye v. J.J. Detweiler Ents., Inc., 2021-Ohio-1393.]

COURT OF APPEALS STARK COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

JAMES DYE, ET AL. : JUDGES: : Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P.J. Plaintiffs-Appellants : Hon. William B. Hoffman, J. : Hon. Earle E. Wise, Jr., J. -vs- : : J.J. DETWEILER ENTERPRISES, : INC., ET AL. : Case No. 2020CA00101 : Defendants-Appellees : OPINION

CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Court of Common Pleas Case Nos. 2018CV02475 & 2017CV01298

JUDGMENT: Reversed

DATE OF JUDGMENT: April 21, 2021

APPEARANCES:

For Plaintiffs-Appellants For Defendants-Appellees

JON A. TROYER JAMES J. COLLUM 5619 Tyro Street, NE 4740 Belpar Street, NW Canton, OH 44721 Suite C Canton, OH 44718-3685 Stark County, Case No. 2020CA00101 2

Wise, Earle, J.

{¶ 1} Plaintiffs-Appellants, James Dye and Andralett Dye, appeal the June 17,

2020 judgment entry of the Court of Common Pleas of Stark County, Ohio, dismissing

the complaint, as well as other judgment entries filed prior to the dismissal insofar as

those judgment entries were incorporated in and made final and appealable as a result

of the June 17, 2020 final entry. Defendants-Appellees are Joseph J. Detweiler and J.J.

Detweiler Enterprises, Inc.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

{¶ 2} The dispute between the parties arose from monies due and owing by

appellants on a cognovit note and past due rent for warehouse storage. Complaints

were filed in 2014 and 2015 and assigned to the Honorable John G. Haas. The parties

entered into a settlement agreement in December 2015 and the cases were dismissed.

Appellants were to auction off their property stored at the warehouse to pay the amount

owed ($54,079.57). After the first auction, a dispute arose over the settlement

agreement. Sometime thereafter, counsel and Judge Haas engaged in an off the

record conversation, and oral modifications were made to the settlement agreement.

{¶ 3} On July 27, 2016, appellants filed a complaint against appellees alleging

breach of contract, conversion, and tortious interference, and sought punitive damages

(Case No. 2016CV01730). The case was originally assigned to Judge Haas, but was

transferred to the Honorable Frank G. Forchione due to a conflict of interest. On

September 5, 2016, appellee Joseph J. Detweiler passed away. The executor of his

estate was substituted as a party. On June 26, 2017, the parties jointly dismissed their

claims. Stark County, Case No. 2020CA00101 3

{¶ 4} On June 27, 2017, appellants refiled their complaint, adding a claim for

theft (Case No. 2017CV01298). On July 20, 2017, appellants filed an amended

complaint to add a claim for civil conspiracy. On February 9 and 26, 2018, appellants

filed responses to motions with attached affidavits from their attorney, Jon Troyer,

wherein he claimed during the conversation between counsel and Judge Haas, he

relied on certain representations from appellees' then counsel to the detriment of his

clients. On March 9, 2018, appellees filed a motion to disqualify appellants' attorney as

he may be called as a necessary witness at trial based upon statements he made in his

affidavits. The trial court held a hearing on April 26, 2018. By judgment entry filed May

7, 2018, the trial court denied the motion to disqualify Attorney Troyer, but ordered

appellants to obtain co-counsel for the trial in the event Attorney Troyer was called to

testify. On October 12, 2018, appellants filed a motion for reconsideration of the trial

court's May 7, 2018 decision. By judgment entries filed October 15, 2018, the trial court

denied the motion, and again ordered appellants to obtain co-counsel for the scheduled

trial date of October 16, 2018. Apparently appellants secured co-counsel for trial, but

said co-counsel backed out at the last minute. Appellants were unable to obtain

alternate co-counsel as ordered. As a result, by judgment entry filed October 16, 2018,

the trial court dismissed the complaint without prejudice.

{¶ 5} On December 21, 2018, appellants refiled their 2017 amended complaint

(Case No. 2018CV02475). On March 31, 2020, appellants filed a motion to continue

the April 7, 2020 trial date. By judgment entry filed April 3, 2020, the trial court granted

the motion, and once again ordered appellants to obtain co-counsel who "shall enter an

appearance on the record and appear at all further pretrials, conferences, hearings and

trial." On April 22, 2020, appellees filed a motion to dismiss the complaint with prejudice Stark County, Case No. 2020CA00101 4

pursuant to Civ.R. 41(B)(1) for appellants' failure to secure co-counsel as ordered. By

judgment entry filed May 19, 2020, the trial court ordered appellants to obtain co-

counsel on or before June 1, 2020, or the motion would be granted and the complaint

would be dismissed. On June 2, 2020, appellants filed a motion for reconsideration of

the trial court's decisions filed April 3, and May 19, 2020. By judgment entry filed June

17, 2020, the trial court denied the motion and dismissed the complaint with prejudice.

{¶ 6} Appellants filed an appeal and this matter is now before this court for

consideration. Assignments of error are as follows:

I

{¶ 7} "THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY DISMISSING THE COMPLAINT WITH

PREJUDICE PURSUANT TO CIV. R. 41(B)(1) WHEN SUCH DISMISSAL WAS BASED

ON NON-COMPLIANCE WITH A VOID COURT ORDER."

II

{¶ 8} "THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN MAKING FINDINGS OF FACT IN ITS

JUDGMENT ENTRIES WITHOUT EVIDENTIARY FOUNDATION AND IN MAKING

FINDINGS OF FACT THAT ARE AGAINST THE MANIFEST WEIGHT OF THE

EVIDENCE."

III

{¶ 9} "THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN RULING TO PERMIT THE

INTRODUCTION AT TRIAL OF SELF-SERVING TESTIMONY OF A DECEASED

DEFENDANT'S STATEMENTS ALLEGEDLY MADE TO HIS ATTORNEY WHILE AT

THE SAME TIME RULING TO EXCLUDE OTHER EVIDENCE THAT CONTRADICTS

THOSE STATEMENTS AND SUPPORTS PLAINTIFFS' CLAIMS." Stark County, Case No. 2020CA00101 5

{¶ 10} In their first assignment of error, appellants claim the trial court erred in

dismissing the complaint with prejudice. We agree.

{¶ 11} The trial court dismissed the complaint pursuant to Civ.R. 41(B)(1) which

states: "Where the plaintiff fails to prosecute, or comply with these rules or any court

order, the court upon motion of a defendant or on its own motion may, after notice to the

plaintiff's counsel, dismiss an action or claim."

{¶ 12} The decision to dismiss a case pursuant to Civil Rule 41(B)(1) is within a

trial court's sound discretion. Jones v. Hartranft, 78 Ohio St.3d 368, 678 N.E.2d 530

(1997). In order to find an abuse of discretion, we must determine the trial court's

decision was unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable and not merely an error of law

or judgment. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 450 N.E.2d 1140 (1983).

{¶ 13} "Although reviewing courts employ an ordinary abuse of discretion

standard of review for dismissal with prejudice, that standard is actually heightened

when reviewing decisions that forever deny a plaintiff a review of a claim's merits." S.C.

v. Licking County Health Department, 5th Dist. Licking No. 17-CA-16, 2017-Ohio-7821,

¶ 14, citing Quonset Hut, Inc. v. Ford Motor Co., 80 Ohio St.3d 46, 684 N.E.2d 319

(1997). " 'The law favors deciding cases on their merits unless the conduct of a party is

so negligent, irresponsible, contumacious or dilatory as to provide substantial grounds

for a dismissal with prejudice for a failure to prosecute or obey a court order.' " Tokles &

Son, Inc. v. Midwestern Indemnity Co., 65 Ohio St.3d 621, 605 N.E.2d 936 (1991),

quoting Schreiner v. Karson, 52 Ohio App.2d 219, 223, 369 N.E.2d 800 (9th Dist.1977).

{¶ 14} The trial court dismissed the complaint with prejudice for appellant's failure

to obtain co-counsel as ordered to do so on numerous occasions. Stark County, Case No. 2020CA00101 6

{¶ 15} A hearing on appellees' motion to disqualify Attorney Troyer was held in

Case No. 2017CV01298 on April 26, 2018. At issue were four paragraphs of Attorney

Troyer's affidavits. April 26, 2018 T. at 110-111. Attorney Troyer informed the trial court

that he did not intend to testify as he had two witnesses who could testify to the

statements he made in those paragraphs. Id. at 109. He stated, "[s]o we have ample

other avenues to introduce this kind of, of testimony if need be, but it is entirely

dependent upon their action from a defense perspective." Id. at 99-100. Attorney

Troyer argued, "I am certainly not going to call myself as a witness in my own case. I

cannot fathom a scenario where my testimony would be beneficial to the opposing

party's case." Id. at 135. The trial court noted appellees "can call whoever they want to

call as long as it's relevant and not prejudicial." Id. at 140.

{¶ 16} In its judgment entry filed May 7, 2018, the trial court denied appellees'

motion to disqualify Attorney Troyer, but ordered appellants to obtain co-counsel for the

trial in the event Attorney Troyer was called as a witness. As noted by the trial court,

appellees had argued that Attorney Troyer "has made himself into a fact witness by

attaching multiple attorney affidavits to the Plaintiffs' pleadings that attest to his personal

knowledge, including but not limited to, the settlement agreement and removal of

Plaintiff's property, both at issue in this matter." Appellees argued by interjecting

himself into the case, Attorney Troyer cannot serve as both a witness and an advocate

in the case. Therefore, he must be removed as counsel because he may be called as a

witness. Appellants argued Attorney Troyer's affidavits "are not likely to be a contested

issue of fact" at trial, and he was not a necessary witness as any information in his

affidavits could be obtained through other means and witnesses. The trial court

concluded that appellees "will be permitted to call Attorney Troyer as a witness if the Stark County, Case No. 2020CA00101 7

Court finds his testimony relevant and non-prejudicial," and ordered appellants to obtain

co-counsel throughout the trial for in the event Attorney Troyer is called as a witness,

"there will be representation who can handle any objections or arguments on his behalf

during his testimony."

{¶ 17} In its May 19, 2020 judgment entry in Case No. 2018CV02475, the trial

court reaffirmed its May 7, 2018 decision, finding the following:

The Court has determined that co-counsel in this case is critical. If

no co-counsel appears in this case, Plaintiffs are in a position at trial

where their own lawyer will most likely be called as a witness by

Defendants. There will be no one to argue to the Court regarding any

improper questioning or object to the relevancy of any questions. More

importantly, Attorney Troyer would be stuck with the answers that are

elicited upon vigorous questioning by Defendant's counsel. Attorney

Troyer would not have a lawyer there to reexamine him to further explain

the context of any previous answers or to be rehabilitated on the stand. In

reality, this could lead to a kangaroo court.

{¶ 18} As succinctly stated by the trial court in its June 17, 2020 judgment entry

denying appellants' motion for reconsideration:

This has been a difficult, combative and complex case that is

heading into its fifth year. Certain rulings have already been reviewed by

the Fifth District Court of Appeals. The facts are further muddied by Stark County, Case No. 2020CA00101 8

alleged conversations between counsel in front of another judge, both

sides attempting to disqualify their opponent's attorneys, the death of one

party, and affidavits filed by Plaintiffs' counsel which may require him to be

called as a vital witness to the case. The Court has tried to issue rulings

timely and fairly to guarantee each side a fair shake. The Court even held

two mediation sessions in its courtroom in an attempt to resolve the matter

to defray costs.

The Court is confounded by Plaintiffs' blatant refusal to follow the

orders previously set forth. This Court has given Plaintiffs ample time to

comply and even extended the time limitations to ensure due process.

However, orders need to be followed. Defendants have cooperated even

if at times they have not agreed with the Court's rulings. This system

cannot operate effectively if one side can simply "thumb their nose" at the

Court.

{¶ 19} We certainly understand the trial court's concerns and frustrations with this

ongoing case, and find the trial court has gone to great lengths to accommodate the

parties' requests and to explain its rulings. However, given the facts before this court,

we find a dismissal with prejudice was not warranted and the trial court abused its

discretion in so ordering.

{¶ 20} The trial court's decision to order co-counsel is premised on hypotheticals,

if in fact Attorney Troyer is called to testify and if the trial court finds his testimony to be

relevant and not prejudicial. At this point, any potential problems arising from Attorney

Troyer's statements in his affidavits are purely speculative. Although the trial court's Stark County, Case No. 2020CA00101 9

strong pleas to settle the case appears to be falling on deaf ears, it is not out of the

realm of possibility that the parties could settle the matter in the eleventh hour and the

trial does not proceed. A dismissal with prejudice precludes this possibility. In its May

7, 2018 judgment entry denying appellees' motion to disqualify Attorney Troyer, the trial

court acknowledged "that removing counsel from a case is an extreme, drastic measure

which should not be imposed unless absolutely necessary." There is nothing more

drastic than dismissing a complaint with prejudice, forever barring appellants' claims.

{¶ 21} Appellants failure to comply with the trial court's order and obtain

additional counsel does not rise "to the level of extreme circumstances that would justify

a dismissal with prejudice without first resorting to the imposition of lesser sanctions."

Sazima v. Chalko, 86 Ohio St.3d 151, 159, 712 N.E.2d 729 (1999). In addition, any

order requiring appellants to obtain co-counsel until an actual conflict arises is

premature.

{¶ 22} Upon review, we find the trial court abused its discretion in granting

appellees' motion to dismiss the complaint with prejudice pursuant to Civ.R. 41(B)(1).

{¶ 23} Assignment of Error I is granted.

II, III

{¶ 24} Given our ruling in Assignment of Error I, we find Assignment of Error II to

be moot and Assignment of Error III to be premature. Stark County, Case No. 2020CA00101 10

{¶ 25} The judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Stark County, Ohio is

hereby reversed.

By Wise, Earle, J.

Gwin, P.J. and

Hoffman, J. concur.

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