Boslaugh, J.
This was an action for damages brought by the plaintiff, Diesel Service, Inc., against the defendant, Accessory Sales, Inc. The action arose out of a controversy concerning a distributorship agreement between the parties in which the plaintiff was granted an exclusive territory for the distribution of the R-W precleaner, an air filter or cleaner device used on [382]*382diesel engines.
The agreement, which was entered into on November 16, 1966, provided that the plaintiff would pay promptly for all equipment purchased from the defendant in accordance with the terms of the agreement. The agreement further provided that in the event either party breached the agreement, and the breach continued unremedied for 60 days after notice of the breach by the party not in default, the party not in default, at its option, might terminate the agreement by written notice to be effective 10 days after service. The agreement provided specifically that time of payment and performance was of the essence of the agreement.
The terms of payment specified in the agreement were as follows: “Cash discount 2 per cent 10th and 25th, net 30; which means a cash discount of 2 per cent as to all items received between the 25th of the month and the 10th of the following month, and paid by the 10th of such following months, and such a discount of 2 per cent of all items received between the 10th and 25th of each month if paid by the 25th of that month with net price being due in 30 days.”
The evidence shows that the plaintiff developed a large market for the defendant’s product in the territory granted to the plaintiff, but as the volume of business increased the plaintiff did not keep its account with the defendant current. On December 5, 1973, the defendant sent a 60-day notice of default to the plaintiff. A notice of termination was not sent following this notice, and in its answer the defendant admitted the plaintiff remedied the breach by payment of “an amount sufficient to bring its account current.”
On January 27, 1975, the defendant again sent a 60-day notice of default to the plaintiff and a 10-day termination notice on March 28, 1975. The principal issue in the case is whether in fact the plaintiff was in default on March 28, 1975, so that the defendant [383]*383could terminate the agreement.
The parties continued to do business with each other after April 7, 1975, and the defendant continued to fill orders from the plaintiff until April 21, 1975.
On April 21, 1975, at about 7:30 a.m., Len Cranston, the only salesman employed by the plaintiff, came to the plaintiff’s office and notified Daniel E. Kinnison, the president and sole stockholder of the plaintiff, that he was quitting. Cranston then immediately went to the defendant’s office and spent the day telephoning customers of the plaintiff to tell them the plaintiff was no longer a distributor for the defendant’s product, that dealers could now buy directly from the defendant, and Cranston was now employed by the defendant. On the same day the defendant mailed 500 letters to the plaintiff’s customers telling them the plaintiff was no longer a distributor of the defendant’s product and the product could now be purchased directly from the defendant. Before Cranston told Kinnison that he was quitting, he had the secretaries employed by the defendant copy the information in the customer books Cranston had used when he was on the road for the plaintiff.
On the same day, April 21, 1975, after Cranston had notified Kinnison that he was quitting, Thomas Wilson, the president of the defendant, came to the plaintiff’s office and told Kinnison the contract was terminated. The last sale and delivery of the product from the defendant to the plaintiff took place that day.
When Cranston went on the road for the defendant, he picked up the plaintiff’s catalogs, destroyed them, and substituted the defendant’s catalogs for the plaintiff’s when he called on customers.
This action was commenced on December 22, 1977. The plaintiff alleged that Thomas Wilson and the defendant conspired with Cranston to injure the business of the plaintiff and acquire its customers; that [384]*384the defendant owed the plaintiff $16,832.21 for volume discounts; that the defendant wrongfully breached the distributorship agreement; that the agreement had not been lawfully terminated; that the plaintiff had been damaged in the amount of $818.75 because the defendant had converted the plaintiff’s catalogs; and that the plaintiff had been damaged by loss of business because of the conversion of its catalogs. The petition prayed for $16,832.21 for volume discounts, $818.75 for the converted catalogs, and general damages with interest, costs, and an attorney’s fee.
The defendant’s answer alleged that the terms of each order were specified on the invoice; that the plaintiff breached the distributorship agreement by failing to keep its account current; that the agreement for volume discounts had been terminated because of the plaintiff’s delinquencies; that the agreement had been terminated by the March 28, 1975, notice of termination; that there had been an accord and satisfaction between the parties; and that the defendant had not converted the plaintiff’s catalogs. The defendant also counterclaimed for alleged unfair competition by the plaintiff after the agreement had been terminated.
The case was submitted to the jury by a form of special verdict which contained eight questions. By its verdict the jury found the defendant had not conspired with Cranston to injure the plaintiff’s business; the plaintiff had breached the agreement by failing to pay promptly and did not correct the default within 60 days after notice; the defendant had not waived the breach of the agreement by the plaintiff; there had been no accord and satisfaction; the defendant had converted the plaintiff’s catalogs and the plaintiff had been damaged in the amount of $3,000 because of the conversion of its catalogs; and the plaintiff had not been damaged because of the defendant’s “bad faith” or “without cause” termina[385]*385tion of the contract.
The trial court entered judgment for the plaintiff on the verdict. Later, on the defendant’s motion to set aside the judgment or verdict, the trial court granted a remittitur for that portion of the verdict in excess of $800. The plaintiff then filed its notice of appeal.
The facts concerning the products purchased by the plaintiff from the defendant and the payments by the ’plaintiff to the defendant are not in dispute. The evidence shows the defendant kept its books by debiting the plaintiff’s account with purchases, crediting the account with payments “On acct,’’ and showing the balance due after each entry. Thus, the plaintiff’s account was treated as an open or “running’’ account by the defendant. The defendant made no attempt to account for each invoice separately and did not treat each invoice as a separate account. The defendant’s method of accounting applied the plaintiff’s payments to the earliest purchases and was fully in accord with the terms of the contract.
Under the terms of the distributorship agreement, the plaintiff was required to pay for products purchased within 30 days of the purchase. The evidence shows the plaintiff was in default on January 27, 1975, because on that date it owed the defendant an amount greater than the amount due for products purchased within the preceding 30 days.
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Boslaugh, J.
This was an action for damages brought by the plaintiff, Diesel Service, Inc., against the defendant, Accessory Sales, Inc. The action arose out of a controversy concerning a distributorship agreement between the parties in which the plaintiff was granted an exclusive territory for the distribution of the R-W precleaner, an air filter or cleaner device used on [382]*382diesel engines.
The agreement, which was entered into on November 16, 1966, provided that the plaintiff would pay promptly for all equipment purchased from the defendant in accordance with the terms of the agreement. The agreement further provided that in the event either party breached the agreement, and the breach continued unremedied for 60 days after notice of the breach by the party not in default, the party not in default, at its option, might terminate the agreement by written notice to be effective 10 days after service. The agreement provided specifically that time of payment and performance was of the essence of the agreement.
The terms of payment specified in the agreement were as follows: “Cash discount 2 per cent 10th and 25th, net 30; which means a cash discount of 2 per cent as to all items received between the 25th of the month and the 10th of the following month, and paid by the 10th of such following months, and such a discount of 2 per cent of all items received between the 10th and 25th of each month if paid by the 25th of that month with net price being due in 30 days.”
The evidence shows that the plaintiff developed a large market for the defendant’s product in the territory granted to the plaintiff, but as the volume of business increased the plaintiff did not keep its account with the defendant current. On December 5, 1973, the defendant sent a 60-day notice of default to the plaintiff. A notice of termination was not sent following this notice, and in its answer the defendant admitted the plaintiff remedied the breach by payment of “an amount sufficient to bring its account current.”
On January 27, 1975, the defendant again sent a 60-day notice of default to the plaintiff and a 10-day termination notice on March 28, 1975. The principal issue in the case is whether in fact the plaintiff was in default on March 28, 1975, so that the defendant [383]*383could terminate the agreement.
The parties continued to do business with each other after April 7, 1975, and the defendant continued to fill orders from the plaintiff until April 21, 1975.
On April 21, 1975, at about 7:30 a.m., Len Cranston, the only salesman employed by the plaintiff, came to the plaintiff’s office and notified Daniel E. Kinnison, the president and sole stockholder of the plaintiff, that he was quitting. Cranston then immediately went to the defendant’s office and spent the day telephoning customers of the plaintiff to tell them the plaintiff was no longer a distributor for the defendant’s product, that dealers could now buy directly from the defendant, and Cranston was now employed by the defendant. On the same day the defendant mailed 500 letters to the plaintiff’s customers telling them the plaintiff was no longer a distributor of the defendant’s product and the product could now be purchased directly from the defendant. Before Cranston told Kinnison that he was quitting, he had the secretaries employed by the defendant copy the information in the customer books Cranston had used when he was on the road for the plaintiff.
On the same day, April 21, 1975, after Cranston had notified Kinnison that he was quitting, Thomas Wilson, the president of the defendant, came to the plaintiff’s office and told Kinnison the contract was terminated. The last sale and delivery of the product from the defendant to the plaintiff took place that day.
When Cranston went on the road for the defendant, he picked up the plaintiff’s catalogs, destroyed them, and substituted the defendant’s catalogs for the plaintiff’s when he called on customers.
This action was commenced on December 22, 1977. The plaintiff alleged that Thomas Wilson and the defendant conspired with Cranston to injure the business of the plaintiff and acquire its customers; that [384]*384the defendant owed the plaintiff $16,832.21 for volume discounts; that the defendant wrongfully breached the distributorship agreement; that the agreement had not been lawfully terminated; that the plaintiff had been damaged in the amount of $818.75 because the defendant had converted the plaintiff’s catalogs; and that the plaintiff had been damaged by loss of business because of the conversion of its catalogs. The petition prayed for $16,832.21 for volume discounts, $818.75 for the converted catalogs, and general damages with interest, costs, and an attorney’s fee.
The defendant’s answer alleged that the terms of each order were specified on the invoice; that the plaintiff breached the distributorship agreement by failing to keep its account current; that the agreement for volume discounts had been terminated because of the plaintiff’s delinquencies; that the agreement had been terminated by the March 28, 1975, notice of termination; that there had been an accord and satisfaction between the parties; and that the defendant had not converted the plaintiff’s catalogs. The defendant also counterclaimed for alleged unfair competition by the plaintiff after the agreement had been terminated.
The case was submitted to the jury by a form of special verdict which contained eight questions. By its verdict the jury found the defendant had not conspired with Cranston to injure the plaintiff’s business; the plaintiff had breached the agreement by failing to pay promptly and did not correct the default within 60 days after notice; the defendant had not waived the breach of the agreement by the plaintiff; there had been no accord and satisfaction; the defendant had converted the plaintiff’s catalogs and the plaintiff had been damaged in the amount of $3,000 because of the conversion of its catalogs; and the plaintiff had not been damaged because of the defendant’s “bad faith” or “without cause” termina[385]*385tion of the contract.
The trial court entered judgment for the plaintiff on the verdict. Later, on the defendant’s motion to set aside the judgment or verdict, the trial court granted a remittitur for that portion of the verdict in excess of $800. The plaintiff then filed its notice of appeal.
The facts concerning the products purchased by the plaintiff from the defendant and the payments by the ’plaintiff to the defendant are not in dispute. The evidence shows the defendant kept its books by debiting the plaintiff’s account with purchases, crediting the account with payments “On acct,’’ and showing the balance due after each entry. Thus, the plaintiff’s account was treated as an open or “running’’ account by the defendant. The defendant made no attempt to account for each invoice separately and did not treat each invoice as a separate account. The defendant’s method of accounting applied the plaintiff’s payments to the earliest purchases and was fully in accord with the terms of the contract.
Under the terms of the distributorship agreement, the plaintiff was required to pay for products purchased within 30 days of the purchase. The evidence shows the plaintiff was in default on January 27, 1975, because on that date it owed the defendant an amount greater than the amount due for products purchased within the preceding 30 days. However, during the next 60 days the plaintiff made sufficient payments to the defendant so that at the end of the 60-day period the amount due the defendant was less than the amount due for products purchased within the preceding 30 days. Thus, the evidence shows as a matter of law that the plaintiff was not in default on March 28, 1975, and the defendant had no right to terminate the contract.
This is in accord with the general rule as to application of payments between debtors and creditors. [386]*386In State v. Hill, 47 Neb. 456, 66 N. W. 541, this court said: “The rule deducible from the authorities in regard to the application of payments may be summarized as follows: A debtor paying money has the right to direct its application, but if he fails to do so, the creditor may make the application at any time before suit is brought. (Robinson v. Doolittle, 12 Vt., 246; Wendt v. Ross, 33 Cal., 650; McCune v. Belt, 45 Mo., 174; United States v. Kirkpatrick, 9 Wheat. [U. S.], 720.) It is equally well settled that where payments are made on an open account, and no appropriation thereof has been made by either party before a controversy has arisen concerning them, the law will apply them in discharge of the earliest items. (Lazarus v. Friedheim, 11 S. W. Rep. [Ark.], 518; Pierce v. Knight, 31 Vt., 701; Milliken v. Tufts, 31 Me., 497; Wendt v. Ross, 33 Cal., 650; Thurlow v. Gilmore, 40 Me., 378; Harrison v. Johnston, 27 Ala., 445; Hersey v. Bennett, 9 N. W. Rep. [Minn.], 590; United States v. Kirkpatrick, 9 Wheat. [U. S.], 720; Jones v. United States, 7 How. [U. S.], 684.) In the last case the rule was applied to a running account between the United States and a postmaster. In United States v. Kirkpatrick, supra, Judge Story in delivering the opinion of the court said: ‘The general doctrine is that the debtor has a right, if he pleases, to make the appropriation of payments; if he omits it, the creditor may make it; if both omit it, the law will apply the payments according to its own notions of justice. It is certainly too late for either party to claim a right to make an appropriation, after the controversy has arisen, and a fortiori at the time of the trial. In cases like the present, of long and running accounts, where debits and credits are perpetually occurring, and no balances are otherwise adjudged than for the mere purpose of making rests, we are of opinion that payments ought to be applied to extinguish the debts according to the priority of time; so that the credits [387]*387are to be deemed payments pro tanto of the debts antecedently due.’ ” See, also, State ex rel. Spillman v. Security State Bank, 116 Neb. 526, 218 N. W. 407.
The defendant produced an expert witness who testified that the plaintiff was in default on March 28, 1975. He arrived at this conclusion by reconstructing the defendant’s books and applying particular payments to particular invoices. By this method it was possible to identify certain invoices as being unpaid for more than 30 days. This witness admitted, however, that the plaintiff was not in default if all purchases were debited to the account and all payments credited as in fact the account had been kept.
There was nothing in the agreement that required the plaintiff to pay each invoice separately, and the defendant’s method of bookkeeping demonstrated that it did not so interpret the agreement. The plaintiff’s obligation under the agreement was to pay for products purchased within 30 days. On March 28, 1975, the plaintiff had remedied the default because its indebtedness to the defendant was less than the amount due for products purchased within the preceding 30 days.
After the dispute had arisen, the defendant had no right to change its application or appropriation of the payments which the plaintiff had made to its account.
By instruction No. 4 the trial court advised the jury that the plaintiff was required to pay “each invoice” within 30 days and the plaintiff was in default if it “owed defendant on an invoice 30 full days or more past its shipping date.” The instruction was erroneous because it interpreted the contract to mean that each invoice was to be treated separately. More importantly, since there was no issue for the jury in that regard, the jury should have been instructed that the plaintiff was not in default on [388]*388March 28, 1975, and the defendant’s wrongful attempt to terminate the contract was a breach of the contract.
It is unnecessary to discuss the plaintiff’s other assignments of error except that a remittitur was improper under the facts and circumstances in this case. The verdict of $3,000 for the destruction or conversion of the plaintiff’s catalogs indicated that it was probable the jury did not understand the manner of the submission of the case and the verdict was a result of error or mistake.
Since the evidence does not support the verdict the judgment must be reversed and the cause remanded for a new trial. The judgment of the District Court is reversed and the cause remanded for a new trial.
Reversed and remanded for a new trial.