Commonwealth v. West

868 A.2d 1267, 2005 Pa. Super. 61, 2005 Pa. Super. LEXIS 153
CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedFebruary 15, 2005
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 868 A.2d 1267 (Commonwealth v. West) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Commonwealth v. West, 868 A.2d 1267, 2005 Pa. Super. 61, 2005 Pa. Super. LEXIS 153 (Pa. Ct. App. 2005).

Opinions

OPINION BY

BENDER, J.:

¶ 1 Sheldon L. West (Appellant) appeals from the January 12, 2004 order denying relief under his habeas corpus petition. The issue presented is whether Appellant’s substantive due process rights were violated when the trial court recommitted Appellant to prison in 2002 following a 9-year delay in which Appellant remained mistakenly at liberty on an appeal bond stemming from a 1990 conviction. Under the circumstances presented in this case, in which the courts had on several occasions during the 9-year interval recognized the mistake, yet repeatedly failed to act by recommitting Appellant at those times, we conclude that Appellant’s due process rights were violated when he was finally recommitted. Therefore, we reverse the order denying habeas corpus relief and order that Appellant be discharged from the sentence imposed on his 1990 conviction.

¶ 2 The unusual history of this case follows. On May 10, 1989, police arrested Appellant for selling cocaine. On May 11, 1990, Appellant appeared in the trial court before the Honorable Loren L. Lewis. On the same date, Judge Lewis both denied Appellant’s motion to suppress physical evidence and tried Appellant' without a jury, finding him guilty of possession of a controlled substance and possession of a controlled substance with intent to deliver. This is what we refer to herein as the 1990 conviction.

¶ 3 On July 17, 1991, the trial court sentenced Appellant to 27 to 54 months’ imprisonment. The court later denied Appellant’s motion for modification of his sentence. Appellant’s mother hired David DeFazio, Esq., to file a direct appeal to this Court on Appellant’s behalf. In addition to filing the appeal, Attorney DeFazio filed an application for release on bail pending appeal and, on September 11, [1269]*12691991, the trial court granted Appellant release on $20,000 bail pending appeal. Appellant’s mother posted her residence as surety on the appeal bond. Subsequently, on or about September 30, 1991, Appellant was released on bail pending appeal.

¶ 4 On June 10, 1992, this Court affirmed Appellant’s judgment of sentence. Attorney DeFazio filed a petition for allowance of appeal with the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, which was denied on Márch 24,1998. Thereafter, on April 7,1993, this Court remanded the certified record to the Allegheny County Clerk of Courts.

¶ 5 It is at this point in the history of this case that a procedural flaw occurred whereby the trial court failed to properly summon Appellant for service of his 1990 sentence. The usual procedure, necessary to commit a defendant upon remand of his case record following affirmance of his judgment of sentence, is found in Pa. RAP. 1763:

Rule 1763. Vacation of Supersedeas on Affirmance of Conviction
Unless otherwise ordered pursuant to this chapter, upon the remand of the record in any matter in which the judgment of sentence was affirmed a defendant who has been released pending appeal shall appear in the lower court at such time as the defendant may be there called, and shall be committed by that court until the defendant has complied with the original sentence, or any part thereof which had not been performed at the time the defendant was released pending appeal.

Pa.R.A.P. 1763. As noted in Commonwealth v. Blair, 699 A.2d 738, 740 (Pa.Super.1997), a case we discuss in detail below, Rule 1763 “specifies no time frame in which the trial court, upon receipt of a remanded record, must call a defendant to appear in court to begin his sentence.” Indeed, because of the lack of guidance on the subject, the Blair court called for a directive from the Pennsylvania Supreme Court “in order to clarify the time period in which a sentenced defendant’s incarceration term should commence, including, perhaps, the ramifications of taking an appeal and being free on appeal bond.” Id. at 743.

¶ 6 In any event, it is apparent that the procedure circumscribed by Rule 1763 was not followed in this case. No record evidence exists that Appellant or his bail surety were notified that Appellant’s 1990 conviction was affirmed or that he should appear in court to commence serving his sentence. See N.T. Hearing, 11/4/02, at 24. Consequently, Appellant remained mistakenly at liberty on his appeal bond until, on April 24, 2002, i.e., approximately 9 years after we remanded the record to the trial court, the oversight was recognized and acted upon by the Honorable Gerard M. Bigley1 who issued an arrest warrant for Appellant. See Appellant’s brief at 5. Finally, police arrested Appellant and, on April 24, 2002, Appellant was committed to serve his sentence on the 1990 conviction.

¶ 7 On October 21, 2002, following Appellant’s committal to prison pursuant to Rule 1763, Appellant’s present counsel, Herbert A. Terrell, Esq., filed a habeas corpus petition. The Honorable Kevin G. Sasinoski held evidentiary hearings on the matter on November 4, 2002, and on January 27, 2003. In his opinion filed pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a), filed on June 30, 2004, Judge Sasinoski relied on the Blair case in denying Appellant relief. Thereafter, in August of 2004, Appellant was paroled and, according to his brief, he presently remains on parole. Appellant’s brief at 7. Nevertheless, Appellant is proceeding with the instant appeal wherein he [1270]*1270challenges the legality of his committal on the 1990 sentence.2

¶ 8 As indicated above, we find merit in the first issue Appellant raises in this appeal — i.e., that the delay in his committal on the 1990 sentence violated his substantive due process rights.3 However, before we can proceed with our analysis, we must determine whether the relief Appellant sought in his petition is suited for habeas corpus or whether a remedy exists under the Post Conviction Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-46. This threshold inquiry is necessary because if Appellant’s claims could have been brought under the PCRA, then habeas corpus relief would be unavailable because the “PCRA subsumes the remedy of habeas corpus with respect to remedies offered under the PCRA[.]” Commonwealth v. Peterkin, 554 Pa. 547, 722 A.2d 638, 640 (1998). See also 42 Pa.C.S. § 6503(b) (“Where a person is restrained by virtue of sentence after conviction for a criminal offense, the writ of habeas corpus shall not be available if a remedy may be had by post-conviction hearing proceedings authorized by law.”); Commonwealth v. Reese, 774 A.2d 1255, 1260 (Pa.Super.2001) (“The writ of habeas corpus is an extraordinary remedy that is available after other remedies have been exhausted or are ineffectual or nonexistent. The writ will not issue if another remedy exists and is available. The writ is not a substitute for appellate review”) (citations omitted).

¶ 9 The trial court, recognizing that the PCRA may be applicable, allowed Appellant to amend his habeas corpus petition to seek alternate relief under the PCRA. Now on appeal, the Commonwealth continues to argue that Appellant’s petition falls under the PCRA and that we may, therefore, conclude that Appellant’s petition is untimely and dismiss on that basis. See 42 Pa.C.S.

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Commonwealth v. West
868 A.2d 1267 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2005)

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Bluebook (online)
868 A.2d 1267, 2005 Pa. Super. 61, 2005 Pa. Super. LEXIS 153, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-west-pasuperct-2005.