Commonwealth v. Poncala

915 A.2d 97, 2006 Pa. Super. 357, 2006 Pa. Super. LEXIS 4483
CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedDecember 8, 2006
StatusPublished
Cited by41 cases

This text of 915 A.2d 97 (Commonwealth v. Poncala) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Commonwealth v. Poncala, 915 A.2d 97, 2006 Pa. Super. 357, 2006 Pa. Super. LEXIS 4483 (Pa. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinions

OPINION BY

GANTMAN, J.:

¶ 1 Appellant, Andrew Poncala, appeals from the judgment of sentence entered in the Luzerne County Court of Common Pleas, following his guilty plea to two counts of driving under the influence of alcohol (“DUI”)1 and one count of endangering the welfare of minors.2 Appellant asks us to determine whether the trial court erred when it denied Appellant’s application for the county intermediate punishment program (“IPP”), based on the conclusion that the current offense/conviction constituted Appellant’s fourth DUI in ten years. As a prefatory matter, we hold that the issue Appellant raised on appeal is properly before this Court, because Appellant’s claim is in direct response to the trial court’s Rule 1925(a) opinion and raised at the first opportunity Appellant could raise the issue. We further hold that the mandatory and specific sentencing provision set forth in 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 3804(c)(3) applies to Appellant’s current DUI under 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 3802(c), and overrides the general and discretionary IPP sentencing provision of 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9804(b)(5),3 regardless of whether this DUI was Appellant’s third or fourth DUI in ten years. Accordingly we affirm the judgment of sentence, albeit on other grounds.

¶2 The certified record provides the relevant facts and procedural history of this case as follows. On February 21, 2004, at about 3:04 p.m., police were called to the scene of a one-car motor vehicle accident. According to the record, Appellant had taken his girlfriend’s seven-year old son in her car, without her permission, while Appellant was intoxicated. Appellant drove the vehicle north on South Main Street, crossed into oncoming traffic, struck a utility pole with the rear driver’s-side quarter panel, crossed both lanes, and drove the car into the front porch of a residence on South Main Street. At the time of this accident, Appellant was driving while his license was suspended or revoked, related to a previous DUI conviction.

[99]*99¶ 3 Upon approaching the vehicle, police observed Appellant unconscious, behind the wheel of the vehicle, and reeking of alcohol. Appellant’s unbelted front-seat passenger was already standing outside the vehicle. The child had a large laceration across his forehead. Medical personnel arrived on the scene. The child was transported to one medical facility and then life-flighted to Geisinger Hospital for treatment. His injury required over one hundred sutures.

¶4 Appellant was extracted from the vehicle by the local fire and rescue team and transported by ambulance to CMC Medical Center in Scranton, Pennsylvania, where he was advised of his rights under the implied consent law. Appellant consented to the blood alcohol (“BAC”) testing and two tubes of blood were drawn at 4:20 p.m. The blood was analyzed and the result was a BAC of 0.236%.

¶ 5 On July 6, 2004, Appellant entered an open guilty plea to one count of DUI at 75 Pa.C.SA. § 3802(a)(1) (general impairment rendering Appellant incapable of safely driving), one count of DUI at 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 3802(c) (driving under the influence at the highest rate of alcohol), and one count of endangering the welfare of minors. In exchange for his plea, the Commonwealth agreed to drop the other charges filed against Appellant.4 Appellant’s plea agreement was open as to sentencing. The court ordered a full pre-sentence investigation (“PSI”) and deferred sentencing.

¶ 6 At the sentencing hearing on August 19, 2004, Appellant’s current conviction was again presented to the court as Appellant’s third DUI in ten years. Appellant’s counsel argued Appellant was eligible for IPP under 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9804(b)(5). The Commonwealth maintained 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 3804(c)(3) directs that a violation of Section 3802(c), which is also a third or subsequent DUI, mandates a sentence of imprisonment of not less than one year. Upon consideration of the arguments presented, the relevant statutes, and the applicable law, the court sentenced Appellant to one to two years’ incarceration for his current DUI.

¶ 7 Appellant filed a timely appeal, followed by a timely Rule 1925(b) statement, in which he identified one issue: Whether the trial court has discretion to impose IPP on a defendant convicted of driving under the influence for a third time in ten years.

¶ 8 In its Rule 1925(a) opinion, the court did not address the issue Appellant raised in his Rule 1925(b) statement. Instead, the court said Appellant’s record revealed that his current DUI was actually his fourth offense/conviction in ten years not his third, the prior convictions having occurred in 1994, 1997, and 2002. The court noted that 42 Pa.C.SA. § 9804(b)(5) authorized IPP for up to three offenses. The court reasoned IPP was not available to Appellant under any circumstances, because this DUI was actually Appellant’s fourth DUI in ten years.

¶ 9 On appeal, Appellant raises the following issue for our review:

WHETHER THE INSTANT OFFENSE IS A THIRD OR FOURTH DUI RENDERING [APPELLANT] ELIGIBLE FOR I.P.P.?

(Appellant’s Brief at 2).

¶ 10 Initially, we must decide whether Appellant’s issue is properly be[100]*100fore us for .review where, as a general rule, the failure to raise an issue in an ordered Rule 1925(b) statement results in the waiver of that issue on appeal. Commonwealth v. Reynolds, 835 A.2d 720, 732 (Pa.Super.2003) (citing Commonwealth v. Lord, 553 Pa. 415, 420, 719 A.2d 306, 309 (1998)). The Pennsylvania Supreme Court stated any issues not raised in a Rule 1925(b) statement will be deemed waived. Id.

¶ 11 Nevertheless, if the appellant has no way to anticipate the court’s rationale for its decision, the appellant’s Rule 1925(b) statement will of necessity challenge the court’s ruling in terms based on the available information. Commonwealth v. Zheng, 908 A.2d 285 (Pa.Super.2006). The court knows best why it sentenced the appellant and is in a “better position to explain the details. In such circumstances, a general Rule 1925(b) statement does give the [court] sufficient guidance to draft a Rule 1925(a) opinion and will not constitute waiver.” Id. at 287. “Just as the [court] cannot be made to guess what an appellant is complaining of on appeal, an appellant cannot be made to guess what the [court] is thinking in [its] ruling.” Id. at 288. Thus, we will not penalize an appellant “for failure to include [ ] in the Rule 1925(b) statement [an issue] that could not be known until clarification is made in the [court’s] Rule 1925(a) opinion. Justice requires such a result.” Id.

¶ 12 Instantly, Appellant’s issue on appeal is in direct and proper response to the sentencing rationale, which the court set forth in its Rule 1925(a) opinion. Until the court issued its opinion, Appellant had no way of knowing that the court would justify the sentence by finding the present DUI was Appellant’s fourth DUI in ten years. Appellant’s Rule 1925(b) statement challenged the sentence imposed following a guilty plea to a third DUI that had been prosecuted as a third DUI in ten years. Under the circumstances of his case, Appellant could not be expected to say more. See id.

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Bluebook (online)
915 A.2d 97, 2006 Pa. Super. 357, 2006 Pa. Super. LEXIS 4483, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-poncala-pasuperct-2006.