Commonwealth v. Floyd

Supreme Court of Pennsylvania

Commonwealth v. Floyd

304 A.2d 131, 451 Pa. 366, 1973 Pa. LEXIS 538

CourtSupreme Court of Pennsylvania

DecidedMay 4, 1973

DocketAppeal, 438

StatusPublished

Cited by8 cases

This text of 304 A.2d 131 (Commonwealth v. Floyd) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

Commonwealth v. Floyd, 304 A.2d 131, 451 Pa. 366, 1973 Pa. LEXIS 538 (Pa. 1973).

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Opinions

Opinion by

Mr. Justice Manderino,

Eugene Floyd, appellant, was convicted of first degree murder in 1958. Post-trial motions were timely filed, but later withdrawn. Appellant was sentenced to [367]*367life imprisonment. In 1965, appellant filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus challenging the voluntaré ness of his confession. Belief was denied and this Court affirmed. Commonwealth ex rel. Floyd v. Rundle, 424 Pa. 645, 227 A. 2d 497 (1967).

In 1968, appellant filed a PC HA petition alleging that he had been denied his right to appeal the judgment of sentence. Appellant asserted that he withdrew his post-trial motions because he feared the imposition of the death penalty in the event of a retrial. Belief was denied and this appeal followed.

A failure to pursue post-trial motions motivated by fear of the death penalty does not constitute a knowing and voluntary waiver. Commonwealth v. Littlejohn, 433 Pa. 336, 250 A. 2d 811 (1989). Even though other factors may have been present, if fear of the death penalty “was a factor” in appellant’s decision to withdraw his post-trial motions he is entitled to relief. Commonwealth v. Falcone, 440 Pa. 61, 269 A. 2d 669 (1970).

The evidence before the PCIIA court supports only one conclusion; that the failure of appellant to appeal was motivated by a fear of the death penalty on retrial. On the day appointed for argument of post-trial motions, the following colloquy took place: “. . . The Court: Now, is the motion still before me or withdrawn? Montemuro [Defense Co-Counsel]: I might say, Your Honor, that on Friday we had a conference at Moyamensing Prison with the prisoner and with his mother, and at that time we advised him of his rights and just what risks were inherent in pursumg the motion for a new trial. We further advised him, however, that any decision he made had to be his own, and at that time he advised us that he wished to withdraw motion for new trial and accept imposition of sentence by the Court. The Court : All right. Is that correct, Mr. Floyd? Floyd [Appellant]: Yes, sir. The Court: All [368]*368right. Then I shall impose upon you a sentence in Eastern Penitentiary for the balance of your natural life. I think you may have teen well advised to do what you did teeause information has come to me that the jury stood eleven to one for the death penalty. . . .” (Emphasis supplied.) At the PCHA hearing the court ashed and defense co-counsel William O’Brien answered as follows: “. . . The Court : If he says it was discussed with him, but that he didn’t want to appeal because he was told he might get the chair on a new trial, would that be correct? The Witness. That would be correct, sir. . . .” The testimony of the appellant at the PCHA hearing corroborates the testimony of his attorney. “. . . By The Court : Q. This is after the jury verdict? A. Yes, sir. Q. What did they say? A. Well, he told me that I could appeal my case to the Supreme Court. Q. Who told you that? A. Mr. Montemuro, and that he couldn’t see me not getting a new trial. But, in the event that I did get a new trial, I could get life or the chair. By Mr. Stern : Q. In other words, is it a fair statement to say that your attorney told you that you could appeal, but that if you did appeal, there was a possibility that you would get, get the chair? A. Yes, sir. . . . By The Court : Q: Did he withdraw the motions after you were convicted or don’t you know? A. I told him to withdraw. Q. You told him to withdraw the motions? A. Yes. By Mr. Stern: Q. Why did you tell him to withdraw motions? A. Because he told me I could get the electric chair. Q. You thought that in the event that you received a new trial that you could get the electric chair? A. Yes, sir. . . .”

It is uncontradicted in this case that the fear of the death penalty was a significant factor in appellant’s decision and also the decision of his trial counsel. Appellant is, therefore, entitled to relief in accordance with this Court’s decision in Littlejohn, supra and Falcone, supra.

[369]*369Order reversed and the matter remanded to the trial court to allow the appellant the opportunity to file post-trial motions.

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Opinion by

Mr. Justice Manderino,

Eugene Floyd, appellant, was convicted of first degree murder in 1958. Post-trial motions were timely filed, but later withdrawn. Appellant was sentenced to [367]*367life imprisonment. In 1965, appellant filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus challenging the voluntaré ness of his confession. Belief was denied and this Court affirmed. Commonwealth ex rel. Floyd v. Rundle, 424 Pa. 645, 227 A. 2d 497 (1967).

In 1968, appellant filed a PC HA petition alleging that he had been denied his right to appeal the judgment of sentence. Appellant asserted that he withdrew his post-trial motions because he feared the imposition of the death penalty in the event of a retrial. Belief was denied and this appeal followed.

A failure to pursue post-trial motions motivated by fear of the death penalty does not constitute a knowing and voluntary waiver. Commonwealth v. Littlejohn, 433 Pa. 336, 250 A. 2d 811 (1989). Even though other factors may have been present, if fear of the death penalty “was a factor” in appellant’s decision to withdraw his post-trial motions he is entitled to relief. Commonwealth v. Falcone, 440 Pa. 61, 269 A. 2d 669 (1970).

The evidence before the PCIIA court supports only one conclusion; that the failure of appellant to appeal was motivated by a fear of the death penalty on retrial. On the day appointed for argument of post-trial motions, the following colloquy took place: “. . . The Court: Now, is the motion still before me or withdrawn? Montemuro [Defense Co-Counsel]: I might say, Your Honor, that on Friday we had a conference at Moyamensing Prison with the prisoner and with his mother, and at that time we advised him of his rights and just what risks were inherent in pursumg the motion for a new trial. We further advised him, however, that any decision he made had to be his own, and at that time he advised us that he wished to withdraw motion for new trial and accept imposition of sentence by the Court. The Court : All right. Is that correct, Mr. Floyd? Floyd [Appellant]: Yes, sir. The Court: All [368]*368right. Then I shall impose upon you a sentence in Eastern Penitentiary for the balance of your natural life. I think you may have teen well advised to do what you did teeause information has come to me that the jury stood eleven to one for the death penalty. . . .” (Emphasis supplied.) At the PCHA hearing the court ashed and defense co-counsel William O’Brien answered as follows: “. . . The Court : If he says it was discussed with him, but that he didn’t want to appeal because he was told he might get the chair on a new trial, would that be correct? The Witness. That would be correct, sir. . . .” The testimony of the appellant at the PCHA hearing corroborates the testimony of his attorney. “. . . By The Court : Q. This is after the jury verdict? A. Yes, sir. Q. What did they say? A. Well, he told me that I could appeal my case to the Supreme Court. Q. Who told you that? A. Mr. Montemuro, and that he couldn’t see me not getting a new trial. But, in the event that I did get a new trial, I could get life or the chair. By Mr. Stern : Q. In other words, is it a fair statement to say that your attorney told you that you could appeal, but that if you did appeal, there was a possibility that you would get, get the chair? A. Yes, sir. . . . By The Court : Q: Did he withdraw the motions after you were convicted or don’t you know? A. I told him to withdraw. Q. You told him to withdraw the motions? A. Yes. By Mr. Stern: Q. Why did you tell him to withdraw motions? A. Because he told me I could get the electric chair. Q. You thought that in the event that you received a new trial that you could get the electric chair? A. Yes, sir. . . .”

It is uncontradicted in this case that the fear of the death penalty was a significant factor in appellant’s decision and also the decision of his trial counsel. Appellant is, therefore, entitled to relief in accordance with this Court’s decision in Littlejohn, supra and Falcone, supra.

[369]*369Order reversed and the matter remanded to the trial court to allow the appellant the opportunity to file post-trial motions.

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304 A.2d 131, 451 Pa. 366, 1973 Pa. LEXIS 538, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-floyd-pa-1973.

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