Chester Nelson v. Village of Lisle, Il

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedAugust 22, 2011
Docket11-1350
StatusUnpublished

This text of Chester Nelson v. Village of Lisle, Il (Chester Nelson v. Village of Lisle, Il) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Chester Nelson v. Village of Lisle, Il, (7th Cir. 2011).

Opinion

NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION To be cited only in accordance with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1

United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit Chicago, Illinois 60604

Argued August 2, 2011 Decided August 22, 2011

Before

DIANE P. WOOD, Circuit Judge

DIANE S. SYKES, Circuit Judge

DAVID F. HAMILTON, Circuit Judge

No. 11‐1350

CHESTER NELSON, Appeal from the United States District Plaintiff‐Appellant, Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. v. No. 09 C 5033 VILLAGE OF LISLE, ILLINOIS, and JENNIFER MARQUEZ, Gary Feinerman, Defendants‐Appellees. Judge.

O R D E R

In this action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, Chester Nelson claims that police officer Jennifer Marquez, working for the Village of Lisle, Illinois, falsely arrested and maliciously prosecuted him for criminal destruction of property, trespass to residence, and battery. He appeals the district court’s grant of summary judgment to Officer Marquez and the Village, and he raises two issues. We affirm. The arrest was supported by probable cause, and this court does not recognize federal claims for malicious prosecution in states whose law, like that of Illinois, provides an available tort remedy. No. 11‐1350 Page 2

I. The Facts and Procedural Background

The villages of Lisle and Robbins, Illinois, sit some 30 miles apart. During the events underlying this § 1983 action, Nelson lived and worked as a mail carrier in Robbins. His ex‐ girlfriend, Chaunte Robinson, lived in Lisle. On Saturday, October 11, 2008, Robinson made a 911 call accusing Nelson of trying to break into her apartment. We recount the evidence of the 911 call and its aftermath in the light most favorable to Nelson, who lost on summary judgment. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 249‐50 (1986).

Robinson made her emergency call some time around 10 a.m., explaining to a Lisle dispatcher that an ex‐boyfriend who lived in Robbins had just kicked her door in and had run off. She warned that he had threatened her before. Robinson added that she saw him “running towards the Lisle Metra [commuter train] station.” Although Robinson later testified in her deposition that she never actually saw Nelson at the scene, she admitted telling both the dispatcher and Officer Marquez (who arrived soon after her call) that she saw him running away. Robinson also told the dispatcher that she last saw Nelson about twenty minutes before calling, which means that the break‐in ended around 9:40 a.m.1

Officer Marquez drove to Robinson’s apartment in response to the dispatcher’s message that a caller at that address delayed calling “about 20 minutes” and was now “advising [that] her ex‐boyfriend kicked in her front door. He took off on foot, last seen heading towards the train. Last seen on foot heading towards the Metra. . . . He does own a .38 caliber handgun; unknown if he has that with him. . . . [but] he has made threats against the [caller’s] life in the past.” At the scene, Officer Marquez observed wood splinters lying about the floor near Robinson’s apartment door, and she saw that the lock was broken off from its casing. The apartment appeared to her to have been ransacked.

The record contains conflicting evidence about what Robinson told Officer Marquez. In the officer’s words, Robinson told her when she arrived that Robinson’s “ex‐boyfriend had kicked in the door of her place, stolen some money, threatened her, and pushed her.” According to a sworn declaration that Robinson signed after her deposition, she never said anything to Officer Marquez about theft, threats, or pushing. At this stage of the litigation, we must treat Robinson’s version as true. In the same declaration, Robinson said that she told Officer Marquez that a neighbor (and not she) had seen Nelson kicking in her door.

Armed with information from the dispatcher and Robinson that Nelson had kicked in Robinson’s door, supplemented with her own observations of the property damage, Officer

1 The record is murky on whether it was the call or the break‐in that happened at 10 a.m. If the break‐in happened then, the call must have happened around 10:20. The difference is not material; either time‐line is consistent with our decision today. No. 11‐1350 Page 3

Marquez used a telephone number Robinson gave her to call Nelson. According to Nelson’s deposition testimony, he took the call on his cell phone around 11:15 or 11:20 a.m., more than an hour after the alleged break‐in. Nelson told Officer Marquez he was out on his mail delivery route in Robbins. The driving time between Lisle and Robbins is about 45 minutes. Driving Directions from Lisle, IL, to Robbins, IL, GOOGLE MAPS, http://maps.google.com (follow “Get Directions” hyperlink; then search “A” for “Lisle, IL” and search “B” for “Robbins, IL”; then follow “Get Directions” hyperlink). Officer Marquez asked Nelson to report to the Robbins police station.

About five minutes later Nelson appeared at the Robbins station. Officer Marquez drove from Lisle to Robbins, where she arrested Nelson. Just before the arrest, she spoke with a Robbins police captain who reported that another Robbins officer knew Nelson and had seen him in town at 7:30 a.m. Officer Marquez responded that the crime had happened later in the morning. Officer Marquez arrested Nelson and took him to Lisle, where she signed complaints charging him with criminal damage to property, trespass to residence, and two counts of domestic battery. The latter counts stemmed from Nelson’s alleged theft of money from the apartment and shoving of Robinson, events that Robinson now maintains Officer Marquez fabricated. Two days later, Nelson was released on bond from jail. The charges against him were eventually dropped.

Nelson sued Officer Marquez and the Village of Lisle under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, claiming false arrest in violation of the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments, malicious prosecution in violation of the same Amendments, and, with the help of supplemental jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1367, malicious prosecution under Illinois law. After discovery, the defendants moved for summary judgment. The district court granted the motion, concluding in relevant part that Officer Marquez had probable cause to arrest Nelson for criminal damage to property (thus defeating any claim of false arrest), and that the availability of an Illinois‐law remedy for malicious prosecution made a parallel federal claim unavailable. The court also relinquished jurisdiction over the state‐law claim.

II. Analysis

On appeal Nelson argues, first, that the district court erred in concluding that probable cause made reasonable his warrantless arrest for a misdemeanor crime that happened outside Officer Marquez’s presence. Except for arrests in the home, which generally require a warrant, Woods v. City of Chicago, 234 F.3d 979, 991‐95 (7th Cir. 2000), probable cause to arrest a suspect for any offense, even one occurring outside the officer’s presence, bars liability for false arrest, Brooks v. City of Aurora, — F.3d —, —, 2011 WL 2623507, at *5 (7th Cir. July 6, 2011); Stokes v.

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Bluebook (online)
Chester Nelson v. Village of Lisle, Il, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/chester-nelson-v-village-of-lisle-il-ca7-2011.